scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL AND CATEGORICAL APPARATUS OF SECURITY SCIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
SONIUK Olha
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Security Research ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Legal Security ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Security Science ◽  
Business Security

Background. Security research in the field of entrepreneurial activity requires the coordination of legal, economic, managerial conceptual and categorical apparatus, necessitates the systematization of scientists’ approaches to the interpretation of basic concepts, in order to ensure effective protection. The aim of the article is to present the definition of «object of legal security of business», improving the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the science of security, the formation of theoretical foundations for business security. Materials and methods. The information base is the legislation of Ukraine, scientific research, conceptual apparatus of security science. The methodology is based on the use of general scientific and special methods. Results. We propose to distinguish the concept of «object of business security», «object of legal security of business», «subject of business security». The object of security of entrepreneurial activity, as a material category, is the enterprise itself in its various manifestations, aspects of activity. The object of business security is a set of protected legitimate interests of the enterprise (economic, informational, corporate), which are encroached upon. The classification of objects of legal security of business activity is given. Conclusion. Supporting the general position of scientists of the system approach, in this study the material (regulatory, declarative, abstract, ideal) and procedural (activity, procedural) concepts of security science are distinguished. In fact, we consider security as a material abstract phenomenon – an idealized state of security. We consider security from a procedural point of view – as an activity to achieve a state of security. Keywords: security of entrepreneurial activity, legal organization of security of entrepreneurial activity.

On the Dynamic Isotropy of Mechanisms With Two Degrees of Freedom

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Di Gregorio ◽  
Alessandro Cammarata ◽  
Rosario Sinatra
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Closed Curves ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Dynamic Performances ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Geometric Locus

The comparison of mechanisms with different topology or with different geometry, but with the same topology, is a necessary operation during the design of a machine sized for a given task. Therefore, tools that evaluate the dynamic performances of a mechanism are welcomed. This paper deals with the dynamic isotropy of 2-dof mechanisms starting from the definition introduced in a previous paper. In particular, starting from the condition that identifies the dynamically isotropic configurations, it shows that, provided some special cases are not considered, 2-dof mechanisms have at most a finite number of isotropic configurations. Moreover, it shows that, provided the dynamically isotropic configurations are excluded, the geometric locus of the configuration space that collects the points associated to configurations with the same dynamic isotropy is constituted by closed curves. This results will allow the classification of 2-dof mechanisms from the dynamic-isotropy point of view, and the definition of some methodologies for the characterization of the dynamic isotropy of these mechanisms. Finally, examples of applications of the obtained results will be given.

scholarly journals ACTUALIZATION OF PROBLEMS AND NOVELS OF THEORETICAL AND LEGAL SEGMENTS OF CERTAIN BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Kadala ◽  
◽  
Olena Guzenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Legislative Regulation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Legal Entities

The article is devoted to the issues of actualization of problems and novelties in the context of theoretical and legal segments of the bankruptcy procedure. The activities of economic entities are influenced by external and internal factors, but the issues of their solution remain in most cases in the discussions of politicians, scientists and representatives of the business environment. The effectiveness of legal entities has recently proved that the application of bankruptcy proceedings has intensified. However, remediation issues do not always have and receive adequate support. The consequence of these phenomena is the cessation of activities not only of small and medium-sized businesses, but also of individual large businesses. The main task of modern enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy is to develop tools and tools that allow to predict and analyze potential crises, to design options for their resolution and the appropriate information and economic base of management. Practical entrepreneurial activity proves that a number of issues remain unresolved and need more in-depth research and attention. This phenomenon indicates the modernity and relevance of the study given the realities of the functioning of legal entities. The article draws attention to the legislative regulation of bankruptcy procedures, identifies the priorities of legislative initiatives. The question of the scientific position of scientists concerning the characteristic of the conceptual categories "bankruptcy" and "remediation" is investigated. The author's vision of the essential characteristics of these categories is given, the substantiation of expediency of their adaptation in activity of domestic enterprises is given. A package of anti-crisis management measures has been developed taking into account the current realities of doing business. Proposals for improving the legislative regulation from the standpoint of reorganization procedures are presented. The development, approval and adaptation of the "Regulations on the stages of remediation" is proposed. From the author's point of view, it is expedient to include in the structure of the legislative regulator: conceptual apparatus for reorganization procedure, definition of methods and techniques of evaluation of clearly defined criteria with establishment of their normative limits, coverage of monitoring procedures.

scholarly journals On the classification of threats to the economic security of an enterprise in modern conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Ivan Rykov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The article considers the existing views on the definition, elements of economic security of an enterprise, as well as typification features used in solving problems of classification of factors threatening it. The author systematizes traditional approaches to the definition of the term "economic security of an enterprise" and proposes a dualistic model of its description, in which it is presented not only as a desired state of protection of an entity engaged in entrepreneurial activity from the negative impact of external and internal factors, but also as a complex of controlled and continuous adaptation processes occurring within the enterprise in order to ensure its adaptation to changing conditions. It is also concluded here that threats to economic security that cannot be neutralized in most cases can be detected in a timely manner, which is especially important given the need to minimize negative consequences for the enterprise arising as a result of their action. As the main direction of further research in the field of classification of threats to the economic security of the enterprise, the search for correspondences between each of the types of threats to economic security and the methods by which the enterprise can effectively adapt to such threats is proposed.

scholarly journals The essence of risks of business activity and their assessment with the aim of sediment and disability in management of efficiency and competitiveness development

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Valentina Aranchiy ◽  
Mykola Іhnatenko
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Impact

The subject of the research is to identify the risks of entrepreneurial activity, their types and nature. It also discusses the classification of the main types of risks, the substantiation of evaluation and analysis methods in order to avoid, minimize or neutralize to ensure the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. The purpose of the work is to identify the business risks, their content, the classification of species, the substantiation of the leading methods of evaluation and analysis in order to avoid and minimize and on this basis – ensuring the efficiency and competitiveness of the operation and development of enterprises. The methodological basis of the article became the main methodological provisions of the enterprise's economy, regulatory and legislative acts on the development of entrepreneurial activity, general scientific and special economic methods of cognition. Among them are generalization, grouping, extrapolation, method of comparative analysis, statistical, expert estimations, mathematical forecasting and programming. Results of work. In the process of writing the article, the essence of entrepreneurial risks was identified, their types were identified, classification and grouping according to the types and areas of manifestation were made. This gave an opportunity to substantiate the methods of their further analysis and evaluation. In turn, taking into account and preventing risks on this basis will allow to ensure the tactics and strategy of the development of enterprises with proper efficiency and competitiveness. The field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the theory and practice of business risk management. Risk assessment and analysis will be appropriate in the economy, in the finances of enterprises, in the analysis of entrepreneurial activity, in developing strategies for its development in the future. Conclusions. Risks of entrepreneurial activity have different spheres of manifestation and degree of influence on it. They can be evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively. In addition, the proposed grouping and classifications allow, in a certain way, to identify managerial decisions, at least in terms of spheres of manifestation. In general, assessing the types and extent of the impact of business risks and their inclusion in tactical and strategic management will be a significant factor in ensuring the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises in the long run.

scholarly journals The Content of a Paid Medical Services Contract: Theoretical and Applied Analysis

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Denis Matytsin ◽  
Tatyana Plaksunova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Contract Structure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Practice Methods

Introduction: the paper deals with the features and conditions of a contract structure that is widely in demand at the present time – a paid medical services contract. The paper analyzes the provisions of the key legal acts regulating the sphere of paid medical services, including their contractual formalization, the legislation on consumer protection, which applies to the legal relations of the parties arising from paid medical services contracts, and the content of this contract. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the legislative and doctrinal approaches to the issue of essential and mandatory conditions of the contract under consideration, as well as to the relevant judicial and contractual practice. Methods: in the presented research, the traditional general scientific research methods were used, such as the dialectical method of cognition, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, etc., as well as the specific scientific legal methods, including formal legal, the method of legal interpretation, etc. Results: the authors substantiate the point of view that the essential conditions of the paid medical services contract are only the conditions on its subject. The authors believe that the conditions stipulated in par. 17 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1006 of 04.10.2012 “On approval of the Rules for providing paid medical services by medical organizations” should be considered as mandatory conditions. Taking into account the existing approaches in the law enforcement practice, the conditions that are reflected in the paid medical services contract would help prevent disputes, as well as protect the rights and legitimate interests of the parties to the contract. Based on the analysis of the judicial practice, a list of conditions of the paid medical services contract that infringe on the rights of consumers has been formed, which should not be included in it. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, the two groups of factors were identified, which influence the formation of the methodological recommendations for drawing up a paid medical services contract; the recommendations for improving contractual work in the medical organizations are formulated.

scholarly journals Procedure and conditions of life executing punishment

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Konopelskyi ◽  
Valentyna Merkulova ◽  
Oksana Hrytenko ◽  
Kateryna Pogrebna ◽  
Harehyn Muradyan
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
System Implementation ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Disciplinary System

The article is devoted to the consideration of essence and tendencies of reforming the criminal-executive legislation of Ukraine concerning the procedure and execution and serving life imprisonment conditions. Certain debatable provisions, both theoretical and legal, concerning procedure and conditions of life service executing punishment are considered. It is proved that clarity, completeness and system-legal balance will be facilitated by the formal reproduction in the law of classification of all criminal-executive norms of Chapter 22 of the Criminal Executive Code (hereinafter–CEC) (based on a certain criterion) into norms of general and special significance, which in turn should be divided into the following subtypes. General penitentiary provisions, which determine the initial legal status of persons sentenced to life imprisonment, provide a list and features of the rights, legitimate interests, responsibilities of convicts, ways (mechanism) to comply with safe conditions of detention, etc. General penitentiary provisions, which define the basic principles for implementation of changes in detention conditions during execution and serving a sentence (essence, tasks, forms, general requirements for material grounds for application, procedural issues of progressive system implementation, definition of disciplinary system).

scholarly journals Organization of accounting and control of finished products of the enterprise

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Ivan Balaniuk ◽  
Olha Hryhoriv ◽  
Tetiana Ivanyuk
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Control ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Technological Complexity ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

Purpose. The aim of the article is to reveal theoretical bases of organization of accounting and control of finished products of the enterprise. Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods are used to achieve this goal: the dialectical method of scientific knowledge – to consider the nature of the finished product, to determine the main aspects of the organization of accounting and control of finished products; synthesis – for the classification of finished products; graphic – to visually display of the obtained results; abstract logical method – for the formation of conclusions and suggestions of the study. Findings. Various interpretations regarding the definition of the essence of “finished products” are considered in the article. The classification of finished products by form, level of readiness and technological complexity has been formed. The formation of finished product accounting at the enterprise is investigated. The features of the formation of a control system for the movement of finished products of the enterprise are considered. The main aspects of the organization of accounting for finished products are identified and typical correspondence for the accounting of products at the enterprise is proposed. Originality. The interpretation of the concept of “finished products” is systematized and generalized. It is proposed to consider the finished product as a product that has passed all production stages, meets all the delivered quality and technical characteristics and can be deposited for storage or immediately sold to the customer or buyer. An updated classification of finished products is proposed. Recommendations are developed to improve the control system of the entity. Practical value. The expediency of studying and further developing the process of organizing the accounting and control of finished products is proved. The results of the study can be used by industrial enterprises in the production and sale of products. Key words: finished products; production; system control; profit; sales.

scholarly journals Analysis of theoretical and methodical approaches to the definition of state regulation mechanisms in the field of construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Ю. Г. Прав
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Management ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to questions of theoretical and methodological provision of state regulation ofeconomic systems, in particular the construction industry. The article presents the theoretical definition ofthe category of state regulation mechanism as the main structural element of this system. The analysis ofmechanisms of state regulation is carried out, the results of which are proposed classification of mechanismsof state regulation by the nature of their influence on the object of public administration. The analysis oftheoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of the state regulation mechanism gave the opportunityto develop a system of grouping these approaches, to identify their advantages and disadvantages and toformulate the author's definition of the concept of state regulation of the construction industry based on theachievements of the representatives of the system approach.The classification of mechanisms of state regulation has been carried out, which showed that themain means of influence on the object of state management can be accumulated in the following blocks:regulatory, organizational, economic, informational and tax. These are the components of the state'sregulatory policy aimed at streamlining economic activity, in particular in the field of construction. In theanalysis of theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of the category of state regulation,three groups of these approaches are distinguished: structural, defining the components of state regulation,functional, describing the category from the point of view of those functions that it has to execute, and thesystem that reflects the complexity of the concept state regulation.

GLOBALIZATION AND ETHNOMUSICOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
A. K. Omarova ◽  
A. Zh. Kaztuganova ◽  
D. F. Karomat
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Platform ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The interpretation of the category “genre” which is presented based on the classification of makom, due to its internal nature, causes disagreement among the scholars, and difficulties due to its designation of a specific type of work and/or national art form. In particular, the emphasis on circumstances related to the centuries-old, extended, regional, situational development in line with the oral tradition and in the frame of improvisational art, and the definition of the national type of musical art as a “genre” lead to disproportionate indicators in theoretical issues. In this regard, the reasons for the incorrect use of the category “genre” in the studies of the Kazakh kuy art were commented: in one case, it is correlated as a whole with the “kuy” phenomenon, in the other, it is used in relation to certain phenomena arising from the study of its internal distinctive nature. The “Triad of factors” – multivariance, cyclicity and locality – which formed the basis for conceptual generalizations of the famous musicologist T.B. Gafurbekov in the works revealing its system-forming nature in monodic culture is shown in conjunction with principles that reflect the genre specificity of instrumental music of the Kazakhs. The groups of macrovolume can include “Akzhelen”, “Kosbasar”, “Nauayi”, the microvolume barnch by Kurmangazy “Kisen ashkan”, “Kobіk shashkan”, “Turmeden kashkan” etc. The regional kuys with the same name by Kurmangazy, Dauletkerey, Dina “Zhiger” can be cited as an example. The situational kuys include “Kenes”, “16-zhyl” etc. As a final conclusion, the importance of considering the art of the Kazakh kuy in the system of monodic cultures and a new “clarification” of its inner nature is emphasized. From this point of view, the theoretical concept of T.B. Gafurbekov is updated as capable of forming a common scientific platform for studying the traditions of the Turkic-speaking peoples based on improvisation.

ABOUT QUESTION OF CLASSIFICATION OF PRINCIPLES CRIMINAL AND EXECUTIVE LAW

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Pylypenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Qualitative Component ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the definition of the classification of principles of criminal executive law. The article presents the views and positions of leading domestic scientists on this issue. Scientific concepts on the perception of the factor of systematics of the principles of criminal executive law as one of the key elements of the current branch of criminal executive law are analyzed. The focus is on the key elements of the system of principles of criminal executive law and existing theoretical concepts on this issue. Scientific positions on the quantitative and qualitative component of the system of principles of criminal executive law are given. The article draws attention to the fact that the quantitative criterion of principles is one of the debatable issues among scholars, most of whom tend to the "triad" of principles of criminal executive law, which consists of common law, intersectoral and sectoral principles. The article expresses the author's view on the mandatory consideration of the category of common law principles in the system of principles of criminal executive law as one of the key ones. It is proved that the leading role of these principles is determined by their essential characteristics, which reflect the natural and legal nature of common law principles. This circumstance, in turn, has a decisive influence on the entire legal system of the state. The author's opinion on the synonymous meaning of the categories "principles of law" and "legal principles" is expressed in the article. The scientific position on the existence of both institutions and sub-institutions within the framework of criminal executive law is supported. The author's point of view on the quantitative and qualitative composition of the system of principles of criminal executive law is expressed within the article. It has been proven that the system of these principles should have five key elements. Which include the following principles: common law, intersectoral, sectoral, institutional, subinstitutional.

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