THE RELEVANCE OF OPTIMIZING THE APPROACH TO TRAINING POLICE OFFICERS IN FIRST AID MEASURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
I. Lovchikova ◽  
A. Chursin ◽  
A. Zhuromsraya
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Aid ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level

This article develops the idea of the need to use new methods in training police officers in first aid measures to increase their motivational and professional readiness to provide first aid at the scene. The current statistics of road traffic accidents (road accidents) are analyzed in the context of the number of injured and dead, world according to the World Health Organization (WHO), local according to the federal bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA). The relevance of making changes to the first aid training programs for organizations with a high level of exposure to production factors is considered by the example of police officers in the context of accident statistics and survey data of police officers in the context of first aid to victims at the scene.

scholarly journals The level of readiness of the EMERCOM of Russia employees to provide first aid in road and transportation accidents

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
I. S. Melnikova ◽  
E. V. Shkatova
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Work Program ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Regular Training

Relevance. Timely competent provision of first aid by fire-fighters and rescuers can minimize the complications of injuries related to road traffic accidents, thereby supporting the lives of victims until the arrival of an ambulance team. Effective first aid training of the Emercom employees is a prerequisite for reducing mortality from road accidents at the pre-hospital stage.Intention. To analyze preparedness for first aid provision in the Udmurt Republic (Izhevsk city) among the EMERCOM of Russia employees directly involved in the elimination of the consequences of road accidents.Methodology. 199 employees of the Emercom of Russia were surveyed in the Udmurt Republic (Izhevsk) to assess their preparedness for the first aid provision based on a specially developed questionnaire.Results and Discussion. When processing the questionnaire data, it was found that 46.7 % of the respondents consider their knowledge and skills to be sufficient for providing first aid to victims of road accidents, 53.3 % are not satisfied with their practical skills. Before the arrival of medical workers, first aid was always provided to the injured by 10.5 %, sometimes by 31.2 % of the respondents. When tested on first aid issues, on average, each employee gave (73.1 ± 1.1) % correct answers. Periodically, 45.2 % of the EMERCOM of Russia employees practiced their skills in first aid on dummies.Conclusion. The results of the study showed the need to improve the regular training on the first aid among EMERCOM of Russia employees: to use dummies and simulators more widely. The data obtained can be used in planning the interagency interaction of services involved in the elimination of the consequences of road accidents, developing a work program for extended first aid for EMERCOM of Russia employees.

scholarly journals A review on awareness of first aid among students

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
Gitumoni Konwar ◽  
Nirmali Gogoi ◽  
Anusuya Goswami ◽  
Bidyashori Konjengbam
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
School Health ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Life Support ◽  
First Aid ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
Health Organization

Knowledge of first aid, which constitutes life-saving treatments for injuries or unexpected illnesses, is important for every individual at every age. First aid and basic life support are so important that teaching basic first aid should be compulsory in all schools. According to world health organization (WHO), injuries related to traffic accidents were ninth among the first 10 causes of global disease burden in 1990. They are expected to be ranked in third place after ischemic cardiac disease and unipolar major depression in 2020. Basic first aid training prepares students to react to situations and provide immediate, efficient management for a wide variety of incidents. Providing of knowledge and training about correct management of injuries and illnesses to students is important to improve their health knowledge which in turn may lead to healthy and save life. It is necessary to strengthen school health services through full participation of teachers and educators, providing them training sessions and update them by regularly interacting with them. Literature demonstrates that the widespread dissemination of first aid may have benefits for injury prevention in terms of reducing traffic crashes, lowering rates of workplace incidents, and increasing safety awareness. The present study revealed a perceived need for knowledge regarding first aid among school students and thus advocates that first-aid education should be made compulsory in school syllabus. It is reasonable to conclude that the ultimate goal of the first aid is neither to treat, nor to diagnose, but to stabilize the patient.

scholarly journals Driver Distraction Identification with an Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham M. Eraqi ◽  
Yehya Abouelnaga ◽  
Mohamed H. Saad ◽  
Mohamed N. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driver Distraction ◽  
World Health ◽  
Skin Segmentation ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 1.25 million deaths yearly due to road traffic accidents worldwide and the number has been continuously increasing over the last few years. Nearly fifth of these accidents are caused by distracted drivers. Existing work of distracted driver detection is concerned with a small set of distractions (mostly, cell phone usage). Unreliable ad hoc methods are often used. In this paper, we present the first publicly available dataset for driver distraction identification with more distraction postures than existing alternatives. In addition, we propose a reliable deep learning-based solution that achieves a 90% accuracy. The system consists of a genetically weighted ensemble of convolutional neural networks; we show that a weighted ensemble of classifiers using a genetic algorithm yields a better classification confidence. We also study the effect of different visual elements in distraction detection by means of face and hand localizations, and skin segmentation. Finally, we present a thinned version of our ensemble that could achieve 84.64% classification accuracy and operate in a real-time environment.

scholarly journals Delivery of First Aid to Victims in Road Transportation Accidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-421
Author(s):  
A. V. Baranov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
First Aid ◽  
The State ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries

Relevance. Most of the victims of road accidents die prior to the arrival of medical staff, therefore, providing first aid to injured people in the first minutes after receiving injuries is very important for saving human life and health. Timely and skillful provision of first aid to victims of road accidents prevents further deterioration of the state of the human body and can positively affect the entire process of its further treatment and rehabilitation.Aim of study. To characterize the delivery of first aid to victims of road traffic accidents at the present stage and to outline possible ways for its improvement.Material and methods. To achieve this goal, an analysis was made of the results of domestic and foreign scientific research and regulatory legal acts on the issue of providing first aid to victims of road accidents. The literature search was carried out in specialized scientific search engines eLibrary, PubMed, Scopus using the keywords: first aid, prehospital stage, road traffic injuries, road traffic accidents. For the analysis, scientific articles published between 1980 and 2020 were selected. Resources with outdated or inaccurate information were excluded, some scientific papers were found by links to articles. The state of the problem of providing first aid to victims of road traffic injuries, for the most part, reflects scientific publications over the past ten years.

scholarly journals Forecasting road traffic accident deaths in India using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3962
Author(s):  
Manikandan M. ◽  
Vishnu Prasad R. ◽  
Amit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Konduru ◽  
Newtonraj A.
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
World Health ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Health Organization

Background: As per World Health Organization (WHO) report 1.24 million people die each year as a result of road traffic accidents (RTA) globally. A vast majority of 20-50 million people suffer from non-fatal injuries, many of them ultimately end in disability. Forecasting RTA deaths could help in planning the intervention at the right time in an effective way.Methods: An attempt was made to forecast the RTA deaths in India with seasonal auto regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model. ARIMA model is one of the common methods which are used for forecasting variables as the method is very easy and requires only long time series data. The method of selection of appropriate ARIMA model has been explained in detail. Month wise RTA deaths for previous years data was collected from Govt. of India website. Data for 12 years (2001 to 2012) was extracted and appropriate ARIMA model was selected. Using the validated ARIMA model the RTA deaths are forecasted for 8 years (2013-2020).Results: The appropriate SARIMA (1,0,0) (2,1,0) 12 model was selected based on minimal AIC and BIC values. The forecasted RTA deaths show increasing trend overtime.Conclusions: There is an increasing trend in the forecasted numbers of road traffic accidental deaths and it also shows seasonality of RTA deaths with more number of accidents during the month of April and May in every years. It is recommended that the policy makers and transport authority should pay more attention to road traffic accidents and plan some effective intervention to reduce the burden of RTA deaths.

scholarly journals Modelling Deaths Associated with Road Traffic Accidents and other Factors on Great North Road in Zambia between the Years 2010 and 2016 Using Poisson Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Ronald Fisa ◽  
Chola Nakazwe ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Patrick Musonda
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Best Fit

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1.24 million people die annually on the world’s roads, with 20-50 million sustaining non-fatal injuries. More than 85% (1.05 million) of the global deaths due to injuries occur in the developing world. Road traffic deaths and injuries are a major but neglected public health challenge that requires concerted efforts for effective and sustainable prevention. The objectives of the study were to estimate the incidence rate of death from RTAs, to determine factors associated with serious and fatal Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) and to determine which of the poisson models fit the count data better. Methods: Data was collected from Zambia Police (ZP), Traffic Division on accidents that occurred on the Great North Road (GNR) highway between Lusaka and Kapiri-Mposhi in Zambia from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016. Results from standard Poisson regression were compared to those obtained using the Negative Binomial (NB), Zero-Truncated Negative Binomial (ZTNB) and the Zero-Truncated Poisson (ZTP) regression models. Diagnostic tests were used to determine the best fit model. The data was analysed using STATA software, version 14.0 SE (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Results: A total of 1, 023 RTAs were analysed in which 1, 212 people died. Of these deaths, 82 (7%) were Juveniles and 1, 130 (93%) were adults. Cause of accident such as pedestrians crossing the road accounted for 30% (310/1,023) while 29% (295/1,023) were as a result of driver’s excessive speed. The study revealed that driving in the early hours of the day (1AM-6AM) as compared to driving in the night (7PM-12AM) had a significant increase in the incidence rate of death from RTAs, Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) of 2.1, (95% CI={1.01-4.41}), p-value=0.048. Results further showed that public transport as compared to private transport had an increased incidence rate of death from RTAs (IRR=5.65, 95% CI={2.97-10.73}), p-value<0.0001. The two competing models were the ZTP and the ZTNB. The ZTP had AIC=1304.55, BIC= 1336.55, whereas the ZTNB had AIC=742.25 and BIC=819.69. This indicated that the ZTNB with smaller AIC and BIC was the best fit model for the data. Conclusion: There is a reduced incidence of dying if one is using a private vehicle as compared to a public vehicle. Driving in the early hours of the day (1AM and 6AM) had an increased incidence of death from RTAs. This study suggests that when dealing with counts in which there are a few zeros observed such as in serious and fatal RTAs, ZTNB fits the data well as compared to other models.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nowruz 2016 and Nowruz 2017 Accidents Data in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Abdolmajid Rahmani Daranjani ◽  
◽  
Mahmoud Rezaeizadeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

Background: Road traffic accidents are currently among the most essential public health issues. According to the World Health Organization, given the rapid growth of road transport globally, road traffic accidents could be the third leading cause of death and disability in the world by 2020. This article examined the role of the human factor in road accidents during the Nowruz holidays, as a major cultural event in Iran. Materials and Methods: We explored the data of road accidents that occurred in Nowruz in 2016 and 2017 in Iran. Traffic accident data concerning the Nowruz holidays of 2016 and 2017 were collected by census method of sampling and based on the report of highway police. Additionally, the frequency of these accidents was analyzed according to travel time, accident type, gender, age, education, and vehicle type in different provinces. Results: The present study findings suggested that among human factors affecting Nowruz accidents in 2016 and 2017, the highest frequency belonged to unnecessary speeding. As in 2016 and 2017, it was the main responsible characteristic for 56.42% and 55.01% of accidents, respectively. In Nowruz 2016, the provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Fars, and Khuzestan; in Nowruz 2017, the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, and Gilan encountered the highest rates of accidents leading to injuries and deaths. Conclusion: To control unnecessary speeding and regulations disregard, planning for culturizing and the community-level education are suggested. Besides, increasing the quality and intelligence of vehicles and the construction of sliders, vertical lines on the road, warning signs, and billboards could help reduce the rate of accidents. Creating a working group of experts in psychology, traffic, etc., to study the pathology of dangerous behaviors, useless haste, and disregard for regulations and providing solutions could also be effective.

scholarly journals Оrganizational aspects of primary health care for personal skeleton damage caused by road traffic accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
V. V. Masljakov ◽  
O. N. Pavlova ◽  
A. V. Pimenov ◽  
A. G. Proshin ◽  
A. V. Poljako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Open Injuries

The purpose of the study. Study the organizational aspects of providing primary health care for victims with the facial department of the skeleton as a result of traffic accidents. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, a retrospective study was conducted. The work included victims of road accidents with damage to the facial part of the skull between the ages of 18 and 70 years. In total, 150 victims were included in the study between 2000 and 2019. Results of the study and their analysis. The study shows that injuries to the facial skeleton as a result of traffic accidents are relevant. As a result of the study, it was found that as a result of an accident, there is approximately the same number of closed and open injuries. At the same time, open injuries, which could be regarded as medium and severe, were identified in 45 (30%) cases. In addition, data analysis showed that in 30,7% of observations, first aid was provided by random witnesses and/ or relatives of victims who did not have the skills and necessary knowledge to provide such assistance. In addition, an additional 19,3 per cent of first aid was provided by staff of various services who have some knowledge and skills in first aid. This is due to the fact that in the first group, first aid was provided faster than in the second group. The lack of the necessary skills to provide first aid to victims with such an injury can be explained by the rather high percentage of errors, which in the first group amounted to 18,7%, while employees of various services showed good results in providing such assistance and errors were not noted. Key words: primary health care, damage to the facial skeleton, traffic accident.

scholarly journals Improving Pre-hospital Care of Road Traffic Accident's Victims with Smartphone Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman A. Abdellah ◽  
Majed M. Aborokbah ◽  
Abbdelrahman Osman Elfaki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Health Organization

<p class="0abstract">One of the most causes to lose millions of lives around the world is Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). According to the world health organization (WHO) report, 1.25 million people are killed each year as a result of RTAs, 20 to 50 million people were injured, and the number of killed people by RTAs is expected to increase further by 2020. The recent studies conclude that patient survival during a health emergency situation depends on the effective pre-hospital healthcare services, while the effective communication between the paramedics and prehospital staff is one of the important healthcare success factors. With the rapid growing of information and communication technology (ICT), wireless technologies and mobile services can provide viable solution to overcome the pre-hospital healthcare problems. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of prehospital emergency healthcare services at KSA by developing and implementing a mobile based emergency system. The proposed application is moving the diagnosis time to be started during traveling time witch accelerate the treatment. The proposed system shows satisfactory results in term of effectiveness and satisfaction</p>

scholarly journals Pedestrians’ Injury Severity in Traffic Accidents in Spain: A Pedestrian Actions Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6439
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Febres ◽  
Miguel Ángel Mariscal ◽  
Sixto Herrera ◽  
Susana García-Herrero
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Unsafe Behavior ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents are currently between the seventh and tenth leading cause of death in the world, with approximately 1.35 million people killed per year. Despite extensive efforts by governments, according to the World Health Organization, road accidents still cause far too many deaths, especially among pedestrians, cyclists and two-wheel motor vehicle riders, who together account for almost 50% of road traffic fatalities. In particular, Spain had 410,974 traffic accidents between 2016 and 2019, involving 722,516 vehicles and 61,177 pedestrians with varying degrees of injury. This study uses the Bayesian network method to understand how the pedestrians’ responsibility and actions at the time of the traffic accident affect the injury suffered by said pedestrian, also considering the variables of the road infrastructure and vehicles at the accident site. The results confirm that the variables linked to the unsafe behavior of pedestrians, and their responsibility in traffic accidents, increase the risk of suffering serious or fatal injuries during an accident; for example, if a pedestrian is distracted this increases his/her probability of suffering a severe injury (27.86%) with respect to not being distracted (20.73%). Conditions related to traffic in high-speed areas, areas with no or poor lighting, and areas lacking sidewalks, also record increases in pedestrian injury, as is the case in the age group of pedestrians over 60 years of age.

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