Suitability dynamics of winter-spring period for pear cultivation in Krasnodar Region

The reaction of two pear varieties (Kieffer with reduced winter hardiness and Leven with increased winter hardiness) on the changing climatic conditions of winter-spring period from 1986 to 2018 on the territory of Krasnodar region was studied. The critical minimum temperature is detrimental to flower buds of the studied varieties in different phases of the winter-spring period. Thermal stress manifestation in time and space is calculated. Digital maps of dynamic changes in the periodicity of the temperature conditions in the winter-spring period for the analyzed pear varieties are compiled. A digital computer analysis of the evaluation of frost hazard territories of Krasnodar region for pears in changing climate conditions was carried out. The proposed scientific approach suggests the need for a transition from registering the impact on the productivity of fruit crops and their varieties of individual environmental factors to evaluate their relationship and interdependence over specific phases of development. It will allow more efficient use the natural potentials of crops, varieties and growing environments without additional capital investments.

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The Impact of a Mobile Shading System and a Phase-Change Heat Store on the Thermal Functioning of a Transparent Building Partition

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14102512 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2512

Author(s):

Michał Musiał ◽

Lech Lichołai

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Material ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Summer Period ◽

Heat Accumulator ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Empirical Results ◽

The Impact ◽

Change Material

The article presents the results of multi-month field tests and numerical analyses describing the thermal functioning of mobile shading systems for building windows containing a phase-change heat accumulator. The experiments were conducted in the summer period with temperate climate conditions in Rzeszów (Poland). The tested shading system was dedicated to the daily life cycle of residents, taking into account both the need to illuminate the rooms with natural light and reducing the undesirable overheating of the rooms in the summer. The obtained empirical results showed a reduction in room overheating in the summer period by 29.4% from composite windows with a phase-change heat accumulator and a mobile shading system as compared to the reference composite window with an analogous mobile shading system. The database of empirical results allowed for the creation and verification of a numerical model of heat conversion, storage and distribution within the composite window containing phase change material and a mobile shading system. The verified model made it possible to analyse the thermal functioning of the modified transparent partitions in cool temperate, temperate and subtropical climates. The article is a solution to the problem of undesirable overheating of transparent building partitions by efficient storage and distribution of solar radiation energy thanks to the use of a mobile shading system and a phase change material, while presenting a useful tool enabling the prediction of energy gains in different climatic conditions.

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Hydrologic-land surface modelling of the Canadian sporadic-discontinuous permafrost: initialization and uncertainty propagation

10.22541/au.161941151.16015163/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Abdelhamed ◽

Mohamed Elshamy ◽

Howard Wheater ◽

Saman Razavi

Keyword(s):

Land Surface ◽

Near Field ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Active Layer Thickness ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Discontinuous Permafrost ◽

Initial Soil ◽

Model Initialization ◽

The Impact

Permafrost thaw has been observed in recent decades in the Northern Hemisphere and is expected to accelerate with continued global warming. Predicting the future of permafrost requires proper representation of the interrelated surface/subsurface thermal and hydrologic regimes. Land surface models (LSMs) are well suited for such predictions, as they couple heat and water interactions across soil-vegetation-atmosphere interfaces and can be applied over large scales. LSMs, however, are challenged by the long-term thermal and hydraulic memories of permafrost and the paucity of historical records to represent permafrost dynamics under transient climate conditions. In this study, we address the challenge of model initialization by characterizing the impact of initial climate conditions and initial soil frozen and liquid water contents on the simulation length required to reach equilibrium. Further, we quantify how the uncertainty in model initialization propagates to simulated permafrost dynamics. Modelling experiments are conducted with the Modélisation Environmentale Communautaire – Surface and Hydrology (MESH) framework and its embedded Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS). The study area is in the Liard River basin in the Northwest Territories of Canada with sporadic and discontinuous regions. Results show that uncertainty in model initialization controls various attributes of simulated permafrost, especially the active layer thickness, which could change by 0.5-1.5m depending on the initial condition chosen. The least number of spin-up cycles is achieved with near field capacity condition, but the number of cycles varies depending on the spin-up year climate. We advise an extended spin-up of 200-1000 cycles to ensure proper model initialization under different climatic conditions and initial soil moisture contents.

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Ensemble Modeling of the Impact of Climate Warming and Increased Frequency of Extreme Climatic Events on the Thermal Characteristics of a Sub-Tropical Lake

Water ◽

10.3390/w12071982 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1982 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gideon Gal ◽

Gilboa Yael ◽

Schachar Noam ◽

Estroti Moshe ◽

Dirk Schlabing

Keyword(s):

Climate Changes ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Large Degree ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Tropical Lake ◽

Gradual Change ◽

Lake Ecosystems ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

The Impact

Lake ecosystems are impacted by changes in climatic conditions. Climate changes forecasted to occur are reflected in models by slow gradual changes over extended periods of time. Output from weather generators, on the other hand, can simulate short-term extreme conditions and weather patterns. In order to evaluate the likely impact of climate changes on a large sub-tropical lake, specifically the thermal regime of the lake, we constructed climate scenarios using a weather generator. The 30-year scenarios included no change in climate conditions, a gradual change, increased frequency of heat waves and a merging of the latter two. The projected impact on the lake’s physical properties was evaluated using an ensemble of 1-D hydrodynamic lake models. The gradual increase scenario had the largest impact on annual temperatures and stratification period; however, increased heat waves had a large effect on the summer lake conditions and introduced a larger degree of variability in water temperature. The use of the ensemble of models resulted in variability in the projected impacts; yet, the large degree of similarity between projected trends and patterns increased confidence in the results. The projected effect the heat waves will have on the lake conditions highlights the need to include heat waves in climate studies and the need for impact studies in order to better understand possible consequences for lake ecosystems.

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Weather and climate conditions for recreational and sports activities in the Ukrainian Carpathians

Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography ◽

10.30970/vgg.2014.48.1350 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 268-274

Author(s):

Natalia Michajlenko ◽

Iryna Scherban

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Cold Period ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Pressure Oxygen ◽

Weather And Climate ◽

Snow Storm ◽

The Impact ◽

Sports Activities

The analysis of contributing weather and climate in recreation and sport competitions during the cold period in Ukrainian Carpathians held. The results of the evaluation of the impact of weather and climate on the general condition and State of health of the person received. Reviewed by: day-to-day variability of atmospheric pressure, oxygen content. The conditions of the snow cover in mountainous areas and future trends of solid precipitation (snow, snow storm) during the cold period of the year described. Key words: recreation, weather types, climatic conditions, the cold period of the year.

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High Spatial Resolution Climate Scenarios to Analyze Madrid Building Energy Demand

10.20944/preprints202007.0559.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roberto San José ◽

Juan Luis Pérez ◽

Rosa María Gonzalez-Barras

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Dynamical Downscaling ◽

Economic Cost ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Climate Scenarios ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Rcp 8.5 ◽

Dynamics Models ◽

The Impact

We have modelled the energy consumption of prototype and real buildings under present and future climatic conditions with the EnergyPlus model to develop a better understanding of the relationship between changing climate conditions and energy demand. We have produced detailed meteorological information with 50 meters of spatial resolution through dynamical downscaling process combining regional, urban and computational fluid dynamics models which include the effects of the buildings on urban wind patterns. The city of Madrid has been chosen for our experiment. The impact on energy demand and their respective economic cost are calculated for year 2100 versus 2011 based on two IPCC climate scenarios, RCP 4.5 (stabilization of emissions) and RCP 8.5 (not reduction of emissions). Findings show that climate change will have a significant impact on the energy demand for buildings. Space heating demand will be increased by the RCP 4.5 and cooling demand will be increased for the RCP 8.5 in the analysed buildings.

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Uncertainty in the Number of Calibration Repetitions of a Hydrologic Model in Varying Climatic Conditions

Water ◽

10.3390/w12092362 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2362

Author(s):

Patrik Sleziak ◽

Ladislav Holko ◽

Michal Danko ◽

Juraj Parajka

Keyword(s):

Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽

Model Performance ◽

Hydrologic Model ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Data Set ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Daily Data ◽

Model Efficiency ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of the number of calibration repetitions on hydrologic model performance and parameter uncertainty in varying climatic conditions. The study is performed in a pristine alpine catchment in the Western Tatra Mountains (the Jalovecký Creek catchment, Slovakia) using daily data from the period 1989–2018. The entire data set has been divided into five 6-years long periods; the division was based on the wavelet analysis of precipitation, air temperature and runoff data. A lumped conceptual hydrologic model TUW (“Technische Universität Wien”) was calibrated by an automatic optimisation using the differential evolution algorithm approach. To test the effect of the number of calibrations in the optimisation procedure, we have conducted 10, 50, 100, 300, 500 repetitions of calibrations in each period and validated them against selected runoff and snow-related model efficiency criteria. The results showed that while the medians of different groups of calibration repetitions were similar, the ranges (max–min) of model efficiency criteria and parameter values differed. An increasing number of calibration repetitions tend to increase the ranges of model efficiency criteria during model validation, particularly for the runoff volume error and snow error, which were not directly used in model calibration. Comparison of model efficiencies in climate conditions that varied among the five periods documented changes in model performance in different periods but the difference between 10 and 500 calibration repetitions did not change much between the selected time periods. The results suggest that ten repetitions of model calibrations provided the same median of model efficiency criteria as a greater number of calibration repetitions and model parameter variability and uncertainty were smaller.

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The impact of climate change on the corn yield in Serbia

Acta agriculturae Serbica ◽

10.5937/aaser2050133p ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (50) ◽

pp. 133-140

Author(s):

Gordana Petrović ◽

Darjan Karabašević ◽

Svetlana Vukotić ◽

Vuk Mirčetić ◽

Adriana Radosavac

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Research Process ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Agricultural Plant ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

The Impact

The aim of the paper is to show the impact of climate factors on the corn yield in Serbia. Contemporary climate reports show that climate is changing, and the emission of greenhouse gases is one of the main causes of climate change. In three different locations (West Bačka District, Šumadija District and Nišava District) different climatic conditions and corn yield were analyzed for the period from 1991 to 2011. In the research process, the model of multiple linear regression and Pearson coefficient of correlation was applied. Obtained results has shown that there is a high correlation between parameters of climate conditions and variance of corn yield. A small amount of precipitation quantity and high maximum values of temperatures in the vegetation period influenced the decrease in yield, which was particularly noticed during the period from 2000 to 2007. A lower yield of corn was established compared to the average yield in all three observed districts, in the Šumadija district, the yield was lower 48% in 2000 and 52% in 2007, in the West Bačka District, a yield was lower 40% in 2000 and 20% in 2007, and in the Nišava District, the yield was lower 65% in 2000 and 49% in 2007. There are perennial variations of climatic factors, especially temperature and precipitation quantity, which affect the realization of the economic profitability of growing agricultural plant species. Losses in agriculture can be higher in conditions of an unstable climate. It is necessary to more precisely predict climate change and create new hybrids and varieties for cultivation that will be adaptable to changed climate conditions. Adaptations of plants to climatic conditions changes will contribute to greater economy of agricultural production, and the provision of food for the world's population.

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Assessment of Risk and Resilience of Terrestrial Ecosystem Productivity under the Influence of Extreme Climatic Conditions over India

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55067-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Srinidhi Jha ◽

Jew Das ◽

Manish Kumar Goyal

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Cover ◽

Net Primary Productivity ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

River Basins ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Ecosystem Productivity ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Extreme Climate ◽

The Impact

AbstractAnalysing the link between terrestrial ecosystem productivity (i.e., Net Primary Productivity: NPP) and extreme climate conditions is vital in the context of increasing threats due to climate change. To reveal the impact of changing extreme conditions on NPP, a copula-based probabilistic model was developed, and the study was carried out over 25 river basins and 10 vegetation types of India. Further, the resiliency of the terrestrial ecosystems to sustain the extreme disturbances was evaluated at annual scale, monsoon, and non-monsoon seasons. The results showed, 15 out of 25 river basins were at high risks, and terrestrial ecosystems in only 5 river basins were resilient to extreme climatic conditions. Moreover, at least 50% area under 4 out of 10 vegetation cover types was found to be facing high chances of a drastic reduction in NPP, and 8 out of 10 vegetation cover types were non-resilient with the changing extreme climate conditions.

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Growth and reproductive characteristics of C4 weeds under climatic conditions of the Czech Republic

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/77/2013-pse ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 309-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Satrapová ◽

T. Hyvönen ◽

V. Venclová ◽

J. Soukup

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Seed Number ◽

Weed Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

The Impact

Climate change could promote the altitudinal spread of C4 weed species since they can benefit from warmer climate. The effects of altitude and climatic conditions (the sum of temperatures above 5°C and precipitation) on the biomass and seed production of two annual C4 weeds – Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.<br />Beauv. – were studied in the Czech Republic. We included both temperature and precipitation variables in the study since they both serve as basic indicators of climate change and thus they have the greatest impact on plant development. The experiment was carried out by sowing both weed species on m<sup>2</sup> area with four replicates in seven localities differing in altitude in 2010 and 2011. We found no significant impacts due to altitude on any variables measured. However, climatic factors explained 44.5% of the variation in plant dry biomass and 41.4% of the seed number produced by A. retroflexus. The same variables did not significantly contribute to the variation in above-ground biomass or seed number of E. crus-galli. These results show the impact of climate conditions to vary between species and not to limit reproduction at high altitudes.

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Assessment performance parameters correlation of a grid-connected PV system

Algerian Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development ◽

10.46657/ajresd.2020.2.2.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (02) ◽

pp. 157-164

Author(s):

Salem Chabachi ◽

Ammar Necaibia ◽

Othmane Abdelkhalek ◽

Ahmed Bouraiou

Keyword(s):

Dust Storm ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Late Spring ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

Pv System ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Assessment Performance ◽

The Impact ◽

Day By Day

The primary objective of this examination is to show the impact of climate conditions on grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) framework execution introduced in the Saharan territory of south Algeria (Adrar). This area is described by high surrounding temperature in the late spring, solid sun-based insolation potential and low moistness rate. The information estimation was done in Zaouiet Kounta in different day by day climatic conditions (clear, shady and Dust storm day). The presentation assessment dependent on the checking of execution parameters, for example, last yield, reference yield, execution proportion and Framework proficiency. The got outcomes demonstrate that the framework execution predominantly influenced by the natural changes.

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