scholarly journals Geoinformation modeling of the spatial distribution of the favourability level of climatic resources over the Sevastopol region for grape growing

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
E. V. Vyshkvarkova ◽  
E. A. Rybalko ◽  
N. V. Baranova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Rational Distribution ◽  
Geoinformation Modeling

Viticulture is one of the promising agricultural sectors in the Sevastopol region. In connection with this the goal of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the climatic conditions of the region for the rational distribution of vineyards. Meteorological data (air temperature and precipitation) for the period 1985-2018 and terrain parameters (slope, aspect, altitude) for the Sevastopol region were used. To assess the optimal climatic conditions, the analysis of frost risk, heat supply and water supply (average of absolute minimums of air temperature, growing degree days, Selianinov’s Hydrothermal Coeffi cient, Huglin and Winkler indices) was carried out. The spatial distribution of the listed agroclimatic parameters was modeled using author formulas. Using GIS technologies, maps of the spatial distribution of heat supply and agroclimatic parmeters for the region were obtained. The main part of the territory of the Sevastopol region is located in a zone with a sum of active temperatures of 3500-3900°С. The amount of precipitation during the growing season and the values of the hydrothermal coeffi cient indicate insuffi cient moisture in the region. Most of the region’s territory (72 %) has an average of absolute minimums of air temperature above –14 °C. According to the values of the Huglin index, the main part of the region is in the warm zone (2400-2700 °C), and by the values of the Winkler index – in Region 3 (1667-1944 °C). The heliothermal conditions of the Sevastopol region territory are suffi cient for growing grapes of diff erent groups of varieties and ripening dates. Agroclimatic parameters are characterized by positive trends, which in the future can lead to changes in heat supply and the displacement of terroirs. The territory of the Sevastopol region has favourable agroclimatic conditions, which makes it possible to grow grape varieties from very early to late ripening and placing them on fl at and sloping lands.

scholarly journals Analysis of climate change in Dnipropetrovsk Region

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
V. V. Hrynchak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Average Annual Temperature

The decision about writing this article was made after familiarization with the "Brief Climatic Essay of Dnepropetrovsk City (prepared based on observations of 1886 – 1937)" written by the Head of the Dnipropetrovsk Weather Department of the Hydrometeorological Service A. N. Mikhailov. The guide has a very interesting fate: in 1943 it was taken by the Nazis from Dnipropetrovsk and in 1948 it returned from Berlin back to the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological and Environmental Directorate of the USSR, as evidenced by a respective entry on the Essay's second page. Having these invaluable materials and data of long-term weather observations in Dnipro city we decided to analyze climate changes in Dnipropetrovsk region. The article presents two 50-year periods, 1886-1937 and 1961-2015, as examples. Series of observations have a uniform and representative character because they were conducted using the same methodology and results processing. We compared two main characteristics of climate: air temperature and precipitation. The article describes changes of average annual temperature values and absolute temperature values. It specifies the shift of seasons' dates and change of seasons' duration. We studied the changes of annual precipitation and peculiarities of their seasonable distribution. Apart from that peculiarities of monthly rainfall fluctuations and their heterogeneity were specified. Since Dnipro city is located in the center of the region the identified tendencies mainly reflect changes of climatic conditions within the entire Dnipropetrovsk region.

scholarly journals Development of a meteorological forecast for snow accumulation on transmission lines

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Tatsuhito Ito ◽  
Masaru Yamaoka ◽  
Hisayuki Ohura ◽  
Takashi Taniguchi ◽  
Gorow Wakahama
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Surface Winds ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Wet Snow

In Hokkaido we have often experienced hazardous accidents, such as tower collapses and conductor breakage, caused by wet-snow accretion on transmission lines, and over many years have developed countermeasures for wet-snow accretion. Recently we have been developing a system to forecast areas where snow accretion may occur. We used the southern part of Hokkaido, divided into 5 km × 5 km meshes, as a forecast area; our predictions were hourly, 3–24 hours in advance. A method of predicting meteorological data which forms an important part of the system predicts three elements which influence wet-snow accretion: air temperature, precipitation, and wind direction and speed. We used an interpolation for predicting temperature and precipitation and a one-level, mesoscale model for diagnosing surface winds for wind direction and speed. By applying the method to many examples of wet-snow accretion, we checked the prediction of weather elements.

scholarly journals Development of a meteorological forecast for snow accumulation on transmission lines

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Tatsuhito Ito ◽  
Masaru Yamaoka ◽  
Hisayuki Ohura ◽  
Takashi Taniguchi ◽  
Gorow Wakahama
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Surface Winds ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Wet Snow

In Hokkaido we have often experienced hazardous accidents, such as tower collapses and conductor breakage, caused by wet-snow accretion on transmission lines, and over many years have developed countermeasures for wet-snow accretion. Recently we have been developing a system to forecast areas where snow accretion may occur. We used the southern part of Hokkaido, divided into 5 km × 5 km meshes, as a forecast area; our predictions were hourly, 3–24 hours in advance. A method of predicting meteorological data which forms an important part of the system predicts three elements which influence wet-snow accretion: air temperature, precipitation, and wind direction and speed. We used an interpolation for predicting temperature and precipitation and a one-level, mesoscale model for diagnosing surface winds for wind direction and speed. By applying the method to many examples of wet-snow accretion, we checked the prediction of weather elements.

APPLICATION OF THE «CLIMATE-RUNOFF» MODEL TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN WATER RESOURCES IN THE XXI CENTURY ACCORDING TO THE CLIMATE SCENARIOS (A1B)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Loboda ◽  
◽  
Y.V. Bozhok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Danube River ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Grid Nodes

The results of calculations of possible state of water resources within The Danube River in the XXI century were shown. This estimation was based on the model «climate-runoff», developed in Odessa State Environmental University. As the input to model data of climate scenario A1B (model REMO) were used. Average long-term annual flow values using meteorological data (air temperature and precipitation) from the scenario for different climatic periods of XXI century were calculated. 32 points (grid nodes) which were uniformly distributed over the catchment area of The Danube River were studied. Projection of changes in water resources was given by comparing the calculation results in the past (before 1989) and in the future (1990-2030, 2031-2070, 2071-2100). The major trends in climatic factors of the flow formation and water resources were established. It is shown that the climatic conditions in the XXI century on the Danube River catchment is unfavorable for the formation of runoff. The positive component of the water balance (precipitation) remains unchanged and the negative component (evaporation) increases. Isolines of norms of climatic annual flow within the whole basin were constructed. It is established that by 2030 a significant reduction of water resources will not occur; during the 2031-2070 diminution will be 17,9%; during the 2071-2100 – 22,0%. Thus, in the XXI century, changes in the water resources of the Danube will not be destructive and irreversible.

scholarly journals Using meteorological data to determine the risk of heat stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
V. Šleger ◽  
P. Neuberger
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Computation Technique ◽  
Stable Housing ◽  
Air Cooling System ◽  
Evaporation Cooling

This paper first proposes a technique of computing air temperature and humidity in stables based on outdoor air parameters and biological production of animals. The computation technique is outlined. The calculated values are then used to assess the potential of evaporation cooling in mild climatic conditions. Graphs illustrate the assumed effect of evaporation cooling equipment inside a stable housing of egg laying hens. Used in the computation were hourly meteorological readings obtained during the period May to August in years 2000 to 2002, in the locality with a potential installation of a cooling system. Other Graphs illustrate the time the animals spent in an environment with a particular air temperature. For instance in June 2002, the time animals in the stable were exposed to temperatures 27°C or higher was reduced by using an air cooling system from 39 h to 22 h, and in July 2002 from 33 h to 4 h. The envisaged model can be modified for other kinds of gallinaceous poultry and pigs.

scholarly journals The influence of local climate change on the productivity of spring cereals in the Kirov region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-253
Author(s):  
I. V. Lyskova ◽  
O. E. Sukhoveeva ◽  
T. V. Lyskova
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Spring Cereals

On the basis of long-term meteorological data and research results in a long-term stationary experiment of 1971-2020 a retrospective analysis of changes in air temperature and precipitation in the eastern region of the central climatic zone of the Kirov region was carried out and the influence of these characteristics on the dynamics of the yield of spring cereals was estimated. It has been established that the average annual air temperature during the research period was 2.4±1.0 °C. At the same time, its stable positive trend was observed at the rate of 0.39 °С /10 years. Two decades from 2001 to 2020 were recorded as the warmest for 50 years, when the temperature was 0.7...2.6 °C above climate normal. Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (0.7...2.1) testifies to the contrasting conditions of humidification of the vegetation periods during the research years – from drought to excessively humidified. In a long-term experiment, the yield of spring cereals increased in the row wheat – barley – oats: 2.17±0.86, 3.04±0.61, 3.39±0.65 t/ha, respectively. Strong correlations were marked between the average yield (spring wheat) and weather conditions in June: reverse with air temperature (rр = -0.735) and direct with the amount of precipitation (rр = 0.686). It has been established that the use of phosphorus fertilizers (and their aftereffect) in combination with nitrogen-potassium fertilizers weakened the influence of weather conditions on the productivity of spring wheat: the determination coefficients (R2), which reflect the portion of variability due to weather conditions, were 0.59-0.73 for the variant without fertilizers and decreased to 0.50-0.56 when applying NP3K.

scholarly journals Regional Climate Change (Karelia, Russia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Larisa Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

The overview of climatic conditions in Karelia is based on the data from meteorological observations carried out in 1951-2009 at Roskomgidromet weather stations situated in the study area. Taking the period in question into account, the mean annual air temperature norm has increased by 0.2-0.3°C. The greatest deviation from multiyear averages of mean monthly air temperature is observed in January and March. The investigation of the changes the basic regional climate characteristics is very important in present time because the global climate is changed. The analysis the data about air temperature and precipitation, that were obtained for the different meteorological stations in the investigated region, shows that the regional climate is changed and the main tendencies are directly proportional to the change of the global characteristics.

scholarly journals Effects of air temperature and humidity on average daily gain in feedlot cattle of different genotypes

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yazgan ◽  
F. Cedden ◽  
C. Daştanbek
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Maximum Minimum

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to observe Holstein, Brown Swiss, Simmental and cross breed Anatolian Black genotypes fattened in feedlot regarding their ability to tolerate temperature and humidity and to compare Temperature Humidity Index types under climatic conditions of Şanlıurfa province in Turkey. Data obtained from a commercial farm composed of 70 594 test day records of 11 117 cattle (6 513 Holstein, 3 546 Brown Swiss, 838 Simmental and 220 Anatolian Black Crosses). Meteorological data were provided from nearest weather station located 9.04 km away from feedlot area. THI values were calculated by using daily maximum, minimum and average air temperature and, humidity values according to three different combinations for each animal. Analysis were based on such a model that includes effects of year, sex, age, season, days on feed, beginning stage of fattening and several types of THI. Results showed that, Simmental and Anatolian Black genotypes were slightly more tolerant to heat stress compared to Holstein and Brown Swiss. In addition, Anatolian Black genotype was more sensitive to cold stress when compared to other genotypes. Different breakpoint values for stress and comfort zone intervals were obtained when different combinations of temperature and humidity variable (maximum or minimum) were used in THI formula.

scholarly journals Favorability Level Analysis of the Sevastopol Region’s Climate for Viticulture

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Elena V. Vyshkvarkova ◽  
Evgeniy A. Rybalko ◽  
Natalia V. Baranova ◽  
Elena N. Voskresenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Promising Avenue

The harvest and quality of vineyards are determined by the climatic conditions of the region. Viticulture is a promising avenue in the agricultural sector of the Sevastopol region. In this study, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the orographic and climatic conditions and microclimate zoning to optimize the placement of vineyards. Meteorological data (air temperature and precipitation) for the period 1985–2018 were used to assess heat and hydration conditions and to calculate agroclimatic indices for a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the observed climate change on viticulture. The observed upward trends in heliothermic indices and downward trends in precipitation change the conditions and cause a shift in grape-suitable zones. Based on heat supply and frost resistance, microclimatic zoning of the territory was carried out and 13 ecotopes were identified, for each of the grape varieties that were recommended. Our study indicates that the agroclimatic conditions of the Sevastopol region make it possible to grow grape varieties from very early to late ripening.

scholarly journals Winter regime of temperature and precipitation as a factor of snow-cover distribution and its stratigraphy

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Golubev ◽  
Marina N. Petrushina ◽  
Denis M. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Precipitation Regimes

AbstractThe investigation of spatial and temporal variability of the snow cover in northern Eurasia (snow depth, density, thermal characteristics, water equivalent) includes large-scale fieldwork, modelling and analysis of meteorological data of two winters (2004/05 and 2005/06) from 38 weather stations situated in different climatic conditions and physico-geographical zones. Common regularities and features of snow-cover variability are revealed for these winters, despite their contrasting temperature and precipitation regimes and differences from an average winter, as the time of appearance, duration and depth of snow cover, the number of snowfalls and date of melting. The modelling of snow-cover stratigraphy is based on viscous compression and recrystallization laws. Meteorological information (temperature, wind velocity and precipitation) is used as input for the model. The output is the specific snow-cover stratigraphy according to positioning in different physical–geographical regions and due to the possible variation as determined by winter temperature and precipitation regimes. The peculiarity of snow-cover stratigraphy at the regional scale depends on the meteorological conditions of its formation as well as on the character of landscapes. A satisfactory correlation of the modelled typical columns of the snow cover formed in 2004/05 and 2005/06 in different regions of Russia and of real columns is revealed.

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