scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Terhadap Pasar Tenaga Kerja: Analisis Sektor Formal Dan Informal Level Kabupaten/Kota Di Pulau Jawa

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Beni Teguh Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Phillips Curve ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Municipal Election

Local election (pilkada) become a political phenomenon impact to various other sectors, not least the economic sector. Local elections in Indonesia are conducted at district and provincial levels. The incumbent candidate will use their power to control the fiscal sector in the region to improve their electability. One of the effort is to improve performance of the regional economy that will impact on the new job creation as the trade-off concept in the Phillips curve. Empirical results indicate that district/municipal election significantly influences the absorption of informal sector workers. A year before the district-level elections, an increase of informal sector workers by 3.39%, in the other hand, it reduces formal sector employment by 5.54%. Different results are shown in the provincial elections, where one year before the pilkada has no impact on the formal sector. When district/municipal and provincial elections are held in the same year, the absorption of informal sector workers decreased by 4.77% while the formal sector increased by 8.28%. When the incumbent candidate participate the next election, the informal workers increase 6.58% while formal employment does not affected.

scholarly journals Is formal employment sector hereditary? Determinants of formal/informal sector choice for Mexican male workers

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-121
Author(s):  
Adelaido García-Andrés ◽  
Ernesto Aguayo-Téllez ◽  
Jose N. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Positive Selection ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Employment Choices

Understanding the relationship between parents’ and sons’ formal employment is essential for promoting social mobility in Mexico. Using the 2011 Survey of Social Mobility in Mexico (EMOVI), this paper contributes to the literature by addressing the intergenerational mobility of employment. Findings show a strong connection between intergenerational employment choices and suggest a positive selection for workers. Individuals with parents who worked in the formal sector are more likely to be enrolled in formal work and vice versa. Also, after controlling for parent’s employment sector, schooling remains as a significant vehicle to transit to the formal sector.

scholarly journals TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR FORMAL DAN INFORMAL DI KABUPATEN BANGKALAN

Media Trend ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yustina - Chrismardani ◽  
Bondan Satriawan
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Permanent Workers

<p>One of the interesting things studied from Kabupaten Bangkalan is the aspect of employment, especially based on formal and informal sector. Based on the formal sector workers who belong to the category of workers / workers and tried to be assisted by permanent workers / workers paid up to 76 percent, and informal workers are who try their own, trying to be assisted by temporary workers, free workers in agriculture, free workers in non-paid to reach 24 percent. Other important findings indicate that there is no significant difference in the total income of workers in the formal and formal sectors, which is an average of Rp 76,184, and it turns out that Bangkalan regency has not been the target of workers migration from the surrounding area.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals AN ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL ERGONOMICS PRINCIPLES IN THE INFORMAL SECTOR OF HARARE AND MUTARE IN ZIMBABWE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Jerie
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Employee Relationship ◽  
To Come

<p>A major challenge for the city authorities of Harare and Mutare in Zimbabwe is to come up with clear policies and actions aimed at supporting and nurturing the informal sector as well as improving health and safety in the sector. This study thus aims at assessing the awareness of ergonomics principles in the small scale enterprises of Harare and Mutare.<strong> </strong>The level of awareness of ergonomics principles is low in the small scale informal sectors of Harare and Mutare. It was expected that builders, woodworkers and welders would have a higher level of ergonomic principles, but this was not the case. The informal workers are employed in a high-risk sector, but survey results indicated that improving their work environment is not one of their top priorities. The financial situation and the fact that occupational hazards and diseases are not always visible means that their limited resources are allocated to field other than occupational health and safety. Workers in the informal sector are not affected by the traditional employer-employee relationship as that obtains in the formal sector where the employee is obliged to care for the workers occupational health and safety needs. In order to address occupational health and safety discrepancies in the informal sector there is need for change of mindset and this can be catalysed by the local authorities and other organizations. The local authorities can begin by ensuring basic occupational hygiene skills among the informal sector workers so that they may realize their economic potential and hence sustained businesses.</p>

scholarly journals Is Informal Sector Employment Marginal to Formal Sector Growth?

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (4II) ◽  
pp. 543-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Tahir ◽  
Pervez Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government

Pakistan has adopted a neoliberal regime to open the economy to global competition and reduce the role of the state. This directional change brought increased flow of overseas remittances, speculative investment, and consumerism. Consequently, the economy in mid-2000s grew but commodity-producing sector contracted. Public sector spending has been falling, especially on social sectors. There are inadequate provisions for social security and employment based income guarantees. However, this growth and stability was short lived and there is now a fragile state and slowing economy. In the absence of an effective regulatory role of the state, and due to the failure in developing a long-term strategy to harness the labour force potential, there is a huge informal sector existing side by side with the formal economy. Almost 22 million of the employed labour force is earning its livelihood in streets and the government has no record of it. The informal workers can be categorised as self-employed workers and wage workers, doing diversified jobs from petty traders to small producers and from rickshaw driver to shoe shiners. It is difficult to measure the value added contribution of the informal sector in Pakistan. Indirect estimation approaches on the basis of employment and hours worked have been used to estimate the contribution of informal economy. For instance, Idris (2008) estimates the share at 36.8 percent of GNP, which is significant. Arby, Malik and Hanif (2010) measured the size of informal economy in Pakistan through a monetary approach. They find that the size has declined considerably.

scholarly journals Apakah Pendidikan Tinggi Meningkatkan Kemungkinan untuk Bekerja di Sektor Formal?

2020 ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Rizky Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Wage Rate ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Formal Employment

This research aims to see whether tertiary education graduates are more likely to be employed in a formal sector than lower levels of education. Formal employment has a much higher wage rate than the informal sector. Students who go on to higher education have high expectations for their standard of living in the future, but there are still college graduates who work in the informal sector. To answer the purpose of this research, the writer uses probit regression. From these regressions, significant results were obtained. Higher education increases one's chances of being employed in the formal sector. Likewise, the sex and age variables. Male workers have a higher chance of being employed while the older labor forces have smaller chances of being employed in a formal sector.

scholarly journals Informal–formal workers' transition in Nigeria: A livelihood analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun O. Folawewo ◽  
Olusegun A. Orija
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
High Level ◽  
General Household Survey ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Chance

This study evaluates the effects of the informal sector on Nigerian workers’ livelihoods and analyses workers’ transitions within the informal sector and between informal and formal employment. A binary logit model is applied to General Household Survey panel data for the periods 2010/11, 2012/13, and 2015/16. We find that informal employment has the greatest impact on workers’ livelihoods in terms of earnings. Results also indicate the existence of a high level of dynamic transition of workers within different types of informal employment. Our results further indicate that both self-employed and wage employed informal workers are likely to transit to formal employment, the likelihood being higher for the upper-tier informal wage employed. While informally employed workers have a very high chance of transiting to formal employment, formal workers have a much lower chance of transiting to informal employment. The policy implication of our results is the need to create better working conditions for informal workers.

scholarly journals A Secondary Informal Circuit of Globalisation of Production: Home-based Cashew Workers in Kerala, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Kuzhiparambil
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Home Based

<p>The paper contributes to the literature that examines the connections between local and global by extending the focus of cross-border production circuits to the hinterlands within the nation. A secondary informal circuit is conceptualised in order to argue how the informal sector is coexisting with the formal sector and contributing to the global market. For this purpose, the case of the cashew nut processing industry in Kerala, India, has been examined. The network of clandestine home-based cashew processors identified during the field study in Kerala illustrates the less visible local nodes of the global cashew circuit. The study also explores the informal workers’ restricted options and choices due to their gender, health issues, age and financial liabilities.</p>

scholarly journals Cakupan Kesehatan Universal (UHC) Pekerja Sektor Informal di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-572
Author(s):  
Dodi Satriawan ◽  
Agus Joko Pitoyo ◽  
Sri Rum Giyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Health insurance receives a great deal of attention in the SDG’s, where one of its main targets is to guarantee a healthy life and to encourage welfare for all people of all ages or later to be called Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In Indonesia there are more informal workers than formal sector workers, but almost half of informal sector workers work without health insurance protection. This study aims to determine the achievement of UHC in terms of ownership of health insurance for informal sector workers. The database used in this study was sourced from SUSENAS 2018. Data processing and analysis techniques were carried out in a quantitative descriptive form of a single frequency table and a cross table. The results showed that based on socio-economic and demographic characteristics, Indonesian informal sector workers were dominated by men, living in rural areas, being married, being heads of households (KRT) and their partners, aged 18-44 years, having a population registration number (NIK) ), only completed the highest level of basic education, worked in industrial businesses, had no health complaints, was in households with the lowest 40 percent economic status, and did not self-medicate when ill. The study also found that there was still considerable variation in the achievement of UHC between provinces in Indonesia. When viewed by province, Aceh is the province with the highest percentage of health insurance ownership or UHC reaching 94.77 percent. Meanwhile West Kalimantan is the province with the lowest percentage of health insurance ownership, which is only 40.73 percent.

scholarly journals Community Unionism in Africa: The Case of Mozambique

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Dibben ◽  
Sara Nadin
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Community Unionism ◽  
The Relationship

Analysis of findings suggests that community unionism is vibrant within Mozambique. Trade union engagement with the main community organization representing the informal economy appears to be a key element of its revitalization strategy; both parties are benefiting from the relationship, and it appears to be sustainable. However, certain questions arise regarding its longer-term viability. Firstly, ASSOTSI represents those working illegally, while the OTM focuses on workers in formal employment. Secondly, OTM has a close relationship with the government due to its socialist past, yet ASSOTSI has a more tentative relationship with the government. Thirdly, ASSOTSI represents only African workers. Furthermore, senior figures in the OTM now seem to be re-considering the value of sustaining an affiliate model that includes all of the informal economy (including both owners and workers), and instead are contemplating setting up a union to represent informal sector workers.This article draws on in-depth research to investigate how community unionism has been employed in Mozambique, an emerging economy in Africa. In doing so, it asks whether engagement with community organizations is characterized by a strategic or piecemeal approach, the degree to which there are mutual benefits for the trade union and the community organization, and whether the relationship is sustainable in the longer term.Against the background of liberalization, privatization and financial crisis, unions face a declining number of core members. In emerging economies such as Mozambique, the formal sector now constitutes around eight percent of the working population, while around seventy-five per cent of the workforce is in the informal sector, with the remainder being unemployed. In many countries, unions have sought to engage these workers through “community unionism.”

scholarly journals Evaluating the internal dualism of the informal sector: evidence from the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-616
Author(s):  
Colin C. Williams ◽  
Ioana Alexandra Horodnic ◽  
Jan Windebank
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Lower Tier ◽  
Informal Labour

Purpose To transcend the current debates about whether participation in the informal sector is a result of informal workers “exclusion” or their voluntary “exit” from the formal sector, the purpose of this paper is to propose and evaluate the existence of a dual informal labour market composed of an exit-driven “upper tier” and exclusion-driven “lower-tier” of informal workers. Design/methodology/approach To do this, data from a 2013 Eurobarometer survey involving 27,563 face-to-face interviews across the European Union is reported. Findings The finding is that in the European Union, there is a dual informal labour market with those participating in the informal sector due to their exclusion from the formal sector being half the number of those doing so to voluntarily exit the formal sector. Using a logistic regression analysis, the exclusion-driven “lower tier” is identified as significantly more likely to be populated by the unemployed and those living in East-Central Europe and the exit-driven “upper tier” by those with few financial difficulties and living in Nordic nations. Research limitations/implications The results reveal the need not only to transcend either/or debates about whether participants in the informal sector are universally exclusion-or exit-driven, and to adopt a both/and approach that recognises a dual informal labour market composed of an exit-driven upper tier and exclusion-driven lower tier, but also for wider research on the relative sizes of these two tiers in individual countries and other global regions, along with which groups populate these tiers. Originality/value This is the first evaluation of the internal dualism of the informal sector in the European Union.

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