scholarly journals Strategies and Techniques of Drug Discovery from Natural Products

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Parniya Akbar Ali ◽  
Farah Hanif ◽  
Hosna Nettour ◽  
Mubashar Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
New Drug Development

New drugs are mostly obtained from Natural sources. The traditional and ethic medicines have provided evidence on the therapeutic properties and resulted in some distinguished drug discovery of natural products. The microorganisms and the endogenous active materials from human or animal have also become a significant approach to the discovery of a drug. Bioinformatics and artificial intelligence have facilitated the study and development of products. For discovery of natural products different software have been used. Different computational software needed in the future for the predicting features in new drug development, for instance pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics, in drug development lead positive impact. This review focus on natural product drug discovery and uses innovative strategies and techniques as a part of discovery of drugs from natural products.

Fungal Bioactive Compounds in Pharmaceutical Research and Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjai Saxena ◽  
Manmohan Chhibber ◽  
Inder Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Background:Exploration of antibiotics from microorganisms became widespread in the academia and the industry with the serendipitous discovery of Penicillin from Penicillium notatum by Sir Alexander Fleming. This embarked the golden era of antibiotics which lasted for over 60 years. However, the traditional phenotypic screening was replaced with more rational and smarter methods of exploration of bioactive compounds from fungi and microorganisms. Fungi have been responsible for providing a variety of bioactive compounds with diverse activities which have been developed into blockbuster drugs such as Cyclosporine, Caspofungin, Lovastatin and Fingolimod etc. It has been reported that ca. 40% of the 1453 New Chemical Entities (NCE’s) approved by USFDA are natural products, natural product inspired or mimics many of which have their origins from fungi. Hence fungal compounds are playing a very important role in drug discovery and development in the pharmaceutical industry.Methods:We undertook structured searches of bibliographic databases of peer-reviewed research literature which pertained to natural products, medicinal chemistry of natural products and drug discovery from fungi. With the strategic improvement in screening and identification methods, fungi are still a potential resource for novel chemistries. Thus the searches also comprised of bioactive agents from fungi isolated or derived from special ecological groups and lineages. To find different molecules derived or isolated from fungi under clinical studies, clinical trial data from the NIH as well as from pharmaceutical companies were also explored. This comprised of data wherein the pharmaceutical industries have acquired or licensed a fungal bioactive compound for clinical study or a trial.Results:Natural product chemistry and medicinal chemistry continue to play an important role in converting a bioactive compound into therapeutic moieties or pharmacophores for new drug development.Conclusion:Thus one can say fungal bioactive compounds are alive and well for development into new drugs as novel ecological groups of fungi as well as novel chemistries are being uncovered. This review further emphasizes the collaboration of fungal biologists with chemists, pharmacologists and biochemists towards the development of newer drugs for taking them into the drug development pipeline.

scholarly journals Modern Approaches in the Discovery and Development of Plant-Based Natural Products and Their Analogues as Potential Therapeutic Agents

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Asim Najmi ◽  
Sadique A. Javed ◽  
Mohammed Al Bratty ◽  
Hassan A. Alhazmi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Drug Discovery Research

Natural products represents an important source of new lead compounds in drug discovery research. Several drugs currently used as therapeutic agents have been developed from natural sources; plant sources are specifically important. In the past few decades, pharmaceutical companies demonstrated insignificant attention towards natural product drug discovery, mainly due to its intrinsic complexity. Recently, technological advancements greatly helped to address the challenges and resulted in the revived scientific interest in drug discovery from natural sources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various approaches used in the selection, authentication, extraction/isolation, biological screening, and analogue development through the application of modern drug-development principles of plant-based natural products. Main focus is given to the bioactivity-guided fractionation approach along with associated challenges and major advancements. A brief outline of historical development in natural product drug discovery and a snapshot of the prominent natural drugs developed in the last few decades are also presented. The researcher’s opinions indicated that an integrated interdisciplinary approach utilizing technological advances is necessary for the successful development of natural products. These involve the application of efficient selection method, well-designed extraction/isolation procedure, advanced structure elucidation techniques, and bioassays with a high-throughput capacity to establish druggability and patentability of phyto-compounds. A number of modern approaches including molecular modeling, virtual screening, natural product library, and database mining are being used for improving natural product drug discovery research. Renewed scientific interest and recent research trends in natural product drug discovery clearly indicated that natural products will play important role in the future development of new therapeutic drugs and it is also anticipated that efficient application of new approaches will further improve the drug discovery campaign.

Potential Phytochemical Nanoemulsions in the Treatment of Oral Cancer and Oral Health

2022 ◽  
pp. 330-353
Author(s):  
Dharmeswar Barhoi ◽  
Sweety Nath Barbhuiya ◽  
Sarbani Giri
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Free Form ◽  
New Drug Development

Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, and lifestyle factors like extensive consumption of tobacco, betel quid, and alcohol are the major etiological factors of oral cancer. Treatment of oral cancer includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, but this treatment possesses lots of side effects. Therefore, scientists and medical experts are utilizing natural products and medicinal plants for new drug development. Natural products and phytochemicals showed better efficacy with less toxicity. However, most of the phytochemicals showed poor permeability and less bioavailability. To combat this problem, scientists developed nanosized nanoemulsions of phytochemicals to treat various ailments. Nanoemulsions of phytochemicals exhibited better efficacy than their free form due to increased permeability and bioavailability. Numerous phytopharmaceuticals have been formulated for nanoemulsions to date and tested for their anticancer potential against various cancers, including oral cancer and oral health management.

scholarly journals Anticancer Agents from Diverse Natural Sources

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabeena Khazir ◽  
Darren L. Riley ◽  
Lynne A. Pilcher ◽  
Pieter De-Maayer ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Mir
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ancient Times

This review attempts to portray the discovery and development of anticancer agents/drugs from diverse natural sources. Natural molecules from these natural sources including plants, microbes and marine organisms have been the basis of treatment of human diseases since the ancient times. Compounds derived from nature have been important sources of new drugs and also serve as templates for synthetic modification. Many successful anti-cancer drugs currently in use are naturally derived or their analogues and many more are under clinical trials. This review aims to highlight the invaluable role that natural products have played, and continue to play, in the discovery of anticancer agents.

scholarly journals An expanding role for cell biologists in drug discovery and pharmacology

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (21) ◽  
pp. 4162-4164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Sorger ◽  
Birgit Schoeberl
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Programming Skills ◽  
In Cells

The profound challenges facing clinicians, who must prescribe drugs in the face of dramatic variability in response, and the pharmaceutical industry, which must develop new drugs despite ever-rising costs, represent opportunities for cell biologists interested in rethinking the conceptual basis of pharmacology and drug discovery. Much better understanding is required of the quantitative behaviors of networks targeted by drugs in cells, tissues, and organisms. Cell biologists interested in these topics should learn more about the basic structure of drug development campaigns and hone their quantitative and programming skills. A world of conceptual challenges and engaging industry–academic collaborations awaits, all with the promise of delivering real benefit to patients and strained healthcare systems.

Addressing the regulatory and scientific challenges in multiple sclerosis – a statement from the EU regulators

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1282-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Balabanov ◽  
Manuel Haas ◽  
Andre Elferink ◽  
Serge Bakchine ◽  
Karl Broich
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Official Position ◽  
New Drug Development ◽  
The Eu

Improving and facilitating the process of making new drugs available to patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) requires cooperation among the regulators and other stakeholders. This cooperation will also positively contribute towards developing guidelines of the highest quality in medical, regulatory and scientific aspects. This would be beneficial both in areas that require further guideline development, but also in fields where existing guidance should be adapted to take into account evolution in science. Considering the input from all stakeholders, the European Medicines Agency confirmed its intention to update the relevant guideline and apply a flexible approach towards new drug development strategies in MS. This article is the first official position from the EU regulators, presenting the main changes to be expected in the guidance document.

Bioprospecting microbial metagenome for natural products

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nováková ◽  
Marián Farkašovský
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Microbial World ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Uncultured Bacteria

AbstractMining of natural sources for new secondary metabolites has a successful history, which is reflected by the fact that over 50% of all drugs, currently on the market, are derived from natural products. Bacteria are one of the most important sources of bioactive natural products destined for drug discovery. However, less than 1% of the microorganisms observed in different habitats have been cultivated and characterized. To explore the genomic and functional diversity of the vast majority of the microbial world, novel methods were introduced, which are based on analysis of a DNA isolated from environmental communities. Metagenomics represents a strategy offering access to the genetic information present in uncultured bacteria by screening of libraries constructed from DNA isolated from different habitats. Functional- and sequence-driven screens are the major approaches employed to mine metagenomic libraries. This review aims to highlight discoveries in this area and discusses the possible future directions of the field.

scholarly journals Natural Products-Derived Chemicals: Breaking Barriers to Novel Anti-HSV Drug Development

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Treml ◽  
Markéta Gazdová ◽  
Karel Šmejkal ◽  
Miroslava Šudomová ◽  
Peter Kubatka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Hsv Infections

Recently, the problem of viral infection, particularly the infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), has dramatically increased and caused a significant challenge to public health due to the rising problem of drug resistance. The antiherpetic drug resistance crisis has been attributed to the overuse of these medications, as well as the lack of new drug development by the pharmaceutical industry due to reduced economic inducements and challenging regulatory requirements. Therefore, the development of novel antiviral drugs against HSV infections would be a step forward in improving global combat against these infections. The incorporation of biologically active natural products into anti-HSV drug development at the clinical level has gained limited attention to date. Thus, the search for new drugs from natural products that could enter clinical practice with lessened resistance, less undesirable effects, and various mechanisms of action is greatly needed to break the barriers to novel antiherpetic drug development, which, in turn, will pave the road towards the efficient and safe treatment of HSV infections. In this review, we aim to provide an up-to-date overview of the recent advances in natural antiherpetic agents. Additionally, this paper covers a large scale of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, polysaccharides, peptides, and other miscellaneous compounds derived from various sources of natural origin (plants, marine organisms, microbial sources, lichen species, insects, and mushrooms) with promising activities against HSV infections; these are in vitro and in vivo studies. This work also highlights bioactive natural products that could be used as templates for the further development of anti-HSV drugs at both animal and clinical levels, along with the potential mechanisms by which these compounds induce anti-HSV properties. Future insights into the development of these molecules as safe and effective natural anti-HSV drugs are also debated.

Paternalism and Public Health

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Flanigan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
Medical Paternalism ◽  
New Drug Development

Since medical paternalism is wrong in the clinical context, it should be rejected in public policy as well. But even if paternalistic public health policies were permissible, it is not clear that prohibitive pharmaceutical regulations are necessary to promote public health. Prohibitions could undermine health in some cases, for example, if prescription requirements make patients more deferential to physicians and tolerant of medical risks. Premarket testing requirements cause people to suffer and die waiting for new drugs to get approved, and they discourage new drug development. This is not to say that regulation serves no purpose. Pharmaceutical regulators provide a valuable pubic good by overseeing testing for new drugs and by certifying drugs that they deem generally safe and effective. But the benefits of regulation do not require that the regulations be prohibitive, and prohibitive regulations not only violate patients’ rights, they may also cost lives.

scholarly journals SMALL MOLECULES SOLVING BIG PROBLEMS: PRESENT AND FUTURE OF DRUG DISCOVERY

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lucia Fallacara ◽  
Iuni Margaret Laura Tris ◽  
Amalia Belfiore ◽  
Maurizio Botta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Drug Development Process ◽  
Development Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cost

The Drug development process has undergone a great change over the years. The way, from haphazard discovery of new natural products with a potent biological activity to a rational design of small molecule effective against a selected target, has been long and sprinkled with difficulties. The oldest drug development models are widely perceived as opaque and inefficient, with the cost of research and development continuing to rise even if the production of new drugs remains constant. The present paper, will give an overview of the principles, approaches, processes, and status of drug discovery today with an eye towards the past and the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document