scholarly journals Candidates Personality and Voting Preferences in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Hassan Shah ◽  
Zahir Shah ◽  
Wajid Mehmood Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Important Determinant ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Personal Influence ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Economic Preferences ◽  
Chi Square Test

This study tries to find out whether personality of a candidate affects the voters preferences in elections in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa or not? It is believed that like other socio-political and economic preferences, candidates personality is also an important determinant of voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. This paper is an attempt to identify different indicators (Personal Influence, Socio-economic and Political Status in society) of personality vote in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study is based on empirical data collected from North, Centre and Southern geographical regions of the province through a multi-stage sampling technique. Chi-square test is used for the data analysis.

scholarly journals Operationalisation of Floating Voters Hypothesis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Hassan Shah ◽  
Ashfaq U. Rehman ◽  
Wajid Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
General Election ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Almost All

Vote bank of almost all the political parties in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) is fluctuating in every general election. It is believed that a significant ratio of floating voters exists in KP. These voters play a significant role as key deciders in every general election. But the basic question is "who are the floating voters and how do they influence the outcomes of the general elections in KP? This study is an attempt to test the floating voters’ hypothesis in KP. For testing this hypothesis, a four variable scale that includes, decision to vote; political awareness; satisfaction from the performance of the political party and interest in political and/or party affairs is used. Data collection is done through a closed-ended survey questionnaire and a multi-stage sampling technique is used for this purpose. Data is collected from three geographical regions of KP i.e., North, Centre, and South. The study population is total voters of KP, and a representative sample of 1200 respondents is determined through a statistical formula. Chi-Square test is used for the correlations of independent and dependent variables. The analysis of data confirmed the "floating voters’ hypothesis" and identified a significant ratio of floating voters in the KP.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Methamphetamine/ICE use in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Sameer Ul Khaliq Jan ◽  
Hamid Alam ◽  
Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Exam Preparation ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test

The present study aims to analyze the causative factors which are responsible for the use of a stimulant drug methamphetamine which is commonly known as ice. For this purpose, data were collected from the two districts, i.e. Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework consists of Independent variable (ice use frequency) and dependent variables (risk factors). Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 180 ice users by a snowball sampling technique. A Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that a significant (p=0.05) association was found between various risk factors, i.e. easy availability, friends insistence, try out new experiences/curiosity, and use of ice for exam preparation with frequent use of ice. The study recommends that awareness may be created through educational, religious institution and media for the prevention and rehabilitation of ice addiction.

scholarly journals War against Terrorism and its Impact on Children’s Academic Performance In District Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Arab Naz ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Ali ◽  
Nasim Khan Mahsud ◽  
Waseem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Behavior

Terrorism has immensely affected the lives and standard of living of common masses across the country. Such a menace gave birth to numerous apprehensions and affected lives of subject masses and adversely impacted the institutions. The current study tends to investigate the impacts of war against terrorism/militancy on children’s education, specifically on their academic performance in District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data has been collected from 200 children of class 9th and 10th in the target area using stratified random sampling technique through interview schedule. Besides, the analysis has been performed through SPSS, using Chi-Square test where findings of the study show that militancy and terrorism have multiple and diverse impacts upon students’ academic achievements and learning performance in the form of grading, marks’ attainment, enrollment and behavior.

scholarly journals Effect of Individual Factor on Entrepreneurship Intention among Undergraduate Students in Bhutan

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tashi Dendup ◽  
Indra Lal Acharja
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chi Square Test

The study explored the effects of age; field of study, academic performance, and past job experience of undergraduate students under Royal University of Bhutan (RUB) on their entrepreneurial intention. Today, youth entrepreneurship is regarded as a career option. It is, therefore, important for the policymakers, educators, and the public to understand individual factors that influence to become entrepreneurs. This study collected data from 384 undergraduate students (sample size determined using Yamane formula) within the age group of 18-34 from four colleges under RUB using self-administrative structured questionnaires. To ensure representativeness in each selected college, it devised multi-stage proportionate sampling technique. This study conducted Chi-square test of independence to examine the influence of individual factors on their entrepreneurial intentions. The result showed that the academic course the student assumed and their past job experiences, especially in business has a relationship with their entrepreneurial career plan after graduation. Likewise, student's age influences their entrepreneurship intention. However, the result showed no relationship between academic performance and their entrepreneurial intentions after their graduation. Therefore, findings suggest the need for entrepreneurship education in the university curriculum.

scholarly journals ANALYZING PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH REGARDS TO PROVISION OF FREE MEDICINES IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Neelam Farid ◽  
Mussawir Shah ◽  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Dawood Jan
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Variable

Objective: To measure the association between provision of free medicines and patient satisfaction with regard to new health policy. Materials and methods: A total of 384 sampled respondents (admitted patients, Male/Female) who visited the OPD for surgical and medical components were selected through random sampling technique from three public teaching hospitals namely, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Hayatabad Medical Complex and Lady Reading Hospital in district Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa respectively. A conceptual framework consisted of independent variable namely provision of free medicines and a dependent variable patient satisfaction was tabulated and analyzed through chi-square test statistics. The multi-variate analysis of the study intimated a non –significant association between patient satisfaction and provision of free medicines controlling family type and it was found a non-spurious relationship while comparing at bi-variate level. Results: The findings revealed that any health policy with provision of special attention to patients by taking along the relevant stakeholders does yield the desired results. All these provisions may include the services with a strong mechanism of monitoring, evaluation based on reward and punishment.

scholarly journals Assessment of Residents’ Socio-demographic Factors Associated with Visit to Green Infrastructure Facilities in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Adedotun Ayodele Dipeolu ◽  
Olusola Ralph Aluko ◽  
Sunday Samuel Omoniyi ◽  
Michael Abiodun Oyinloye
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Despite global efforts at promoting environmental sustainability through development of Green Infrastructure (GI) facilities at urban centres; social menaces, depletion and wrong use of green spaces still persists in many developing nations. Indeed, attitude of residents towards the use of these facilities have not been commensurate to the reasons why the GI facilities were created. This study therefore examines the socio-demographic factors associated with visiting GI sites among residents of Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 1560 participants in a questionnaire survey. Descriptive statistics was used to explore data distributions while Chi-square test was used to investigate residents’ socio-demographic characteristics associated with visit to green infrastructure sites in the study area. Participants were mostly men (58.6%) and younger than 50 years old (85.8%). Percentages of residents visiting GI facilities for either spiritual exercises (male=26.4%, female=23.8%) or joblessness (male=48.9%, female=52.1%) is higher than percentages of residents visiting GI facilities for recreation/relaxation (male=24.7%, female=24.1%) activities in Lagos Metropolis. The study suggests among others that, the Lagos State government should develop GI facilities to enhance more opportunity for job generation, while more public orientation on positive attitude toward use of GI facilities should be emphasized ABSTRACT Despite global efforts at promoting environmental sustainability through development of Green Infrastructure (GI) facilities at urban centres; social menaces, depletion and wrong use of green spaces still persists in many developing nations. Indeed, attitude of residents towards the use of these facilities have not been commensurate to the reasons why the GI facilities were created. This study therefore examines the socio-demographic factors associated with visiting GI sites among residents of Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 1560 participants in a questionnaire survey. Descriptive statistics was used to explore data distributions while Chi-square test was used to investigate residents’ socio-demographic characteristics associated with visit to green infrastructure sites in the study area. Participants were mostly men (58.6%) and younger than 50 years old (85.8%). Percentages of residents visiting GI facilities for either spiritual exercises (male=26.4%, female=23.8%) or joblessness (male=48.9%, female=52.1%) is higher than percentages of residents visiting GI facilities for recreation/relaxation (male=24.7%, female=24.1%) activities in Lagos Metropolis. The study suggests among others that, the Lagos State government should develop GI facilities to enhance more opportunity for job generation, while more public orientation on positive attitude toward use of GI facilities should be emphasized. 

scholarly journals Perception and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in an urban community in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka Ilesanmi ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Communication ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background Various perceptions and practices have been associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we assessed the perception and practices regarding COVID-19 among residents in selected urban communities of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 360 respondents (Mean age: 33.2 ± 10.6 years; 62.5% females) from households in Ibadan. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire from 3rd to 6th June 2020. Those who demonstrated washing of the palm, back of the hand, spaces between the fingers, fingernails, wrist, and thumbs had six points and were categorized to have had a good practice of handwashing. Descriptive statistics were conducted. Bivariate analyses of sociodemographic characteristics and good handwashing practices were conducted using Chi-square test. Logistic regression was conducted to identify the determinants of good handwashing practices. P-values < 0.05 were statistically significant. Results Going to the hospital (95%) and calling the COVID-19 help number (58.3%) were the frequently reported practices among respondents following the development of COVID-19 symptoms. Also, 89 (26%) knew they could contract COVID-19, while 41 (12%) perceived it as an exaggerated event. The effects most frequently reported by respondents were hunger/low income (48.8%) and academic delay (8.8%). Use of face masks by 64.5% and social distancing (48%) were the most frequently reported practices for prevention. Only 71 (20.8%) demonstrated good handwashing practices. The perception of the likelihood to contract COVID-19 and practices to prevent COVID-19 had a weak correlation of 0.239 (p < 0.001). Conclusion Gaps exist in the practices that prevent COVID-19. There is a need to improve handwashing, use of face masks and other practices that prevent COVID-19. Implications across public health communication and policies were stated.

Prevalence of Supernumerary Teeth in a Nigerian Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ese Anibor ◽  
Yvonne Mabiaku ◽  
Charity Inikoro
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Examination ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Mandibular Region ◽  
The Difference

IntroductionSupernumerary teeth are those which appear in addition to the regular number of teeth. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of supernumerary teeth in the Nigerian population.Materials and MethodsThe multi-stage sampling technique was employed in this cross sectional study. Intra – oral examination of 1004 students of Delta State University, Abraka was conducted between May and June 2015. The oral examination involved 579 males and 425 females. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 20). The difference in the prevalence of supranumerary teeth between the two gender was determined with the chi-square test (p < 0.05 was considered significant).ResultsOne hundred and twenty- seven supernumerary teeth were recorded in this study (prevalence of supernumerary teeth was 12.70%). Supernumerary teeth were located mostly in the mandibular region (84.00%), compared to the maxillary region and commonly around the incisor teeth. It was observed that 58 supranumerary teeth were between 2 central incisors, 64 in the lateral incisor region and 5 in the premolar and molar region. The ratio of males to females with supernumeraries was found to be 1.4:1 (p > 0.05).Conclusion This study showed a higher prevalence of supernumeraries than previously reported. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was more in males than their female counterparts.

scholarly journals A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PARTY LEADERSHIP INFLUENCING VOTING BEHAVIOR IN TRADITIONAL COMMUNITIES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA DISTRICT DIR UPPER

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Najib Khan ◽  
Muhammad Jawad ◽  
Mussawar Shah ◽  
Saima Sarir ◽  
Naushad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Party Leadership ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Attitudinal Factors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose of the study: Voting Behavior is the combination of social, psychological, and attitudinal factors leading to a vote in an election. Thus, the central aim of the current research study was to analyze the influence of party leadership on voting behavior. Methodology: Due to the diverse picture of the study area, a multistage stratified sampling technique was used to get more reliable information from 317 sample respondents including (212 males and 105 females). Data was collected through a pre-tested interview schedule; to determine the association between the dependent variable (voting behavior) and independent variable (party leadership) chi-square test was applied. Main findings: The association of voting behavior was significant between voting behavior and preference of local leaders in the election (P=0.024), leader’s inspiration in voters’ constituency is counted in the electoral process (P=0.011), those leaders who work for public welfare (P=0.000), past performance of the leaders is your major concern (P=0.001), to influence voters by all means (P=0.048), commitment and devotion of the leaders (P=0.040) and dynamic leaders are symbols of development for society (P=0.554). Applications of this study: Results as a whole indicate a significant role of party leadership in influencing voters. People generally cast vote to candidates who are local, have influence in the constituencies and did public welfare schemes in past and shows commitment and devotion. The findings of the study will be helpful in policymaking. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study attempts to explore new factors that contributed to individual voting behavior. Further, the present paper is unique in the sense that it is based on opinions and responses collected directly from the voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Hubungan Antara Menyusui Dengan Involusi Uterus Pada Ibu Nifas Fisiologis Di RSIA Aura Syifa Kabupaten Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Eny Sendra ◽  
Dewi Indriani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fisher Test ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Moment

Breast feeding is giving milk to be drunk to the baby from the breast. Uterus involution is a process how the uterus return to the condition back, before pregnanting after bearing. At the moment of suckling, happens a stimulus and brings the hormones out, such as oksitosin uses not only to stimulate some muscles constraction but also to stimulate the uterus, so that the process of uterus involution happens foster. According to the explanations above, the research aimed to know about the correlation between breast feeding and uterus involution. This research’s design was, cross sectional by the population of all childbirth mothers approximately 50 persons / month. By using accidental sampling technique we got 21 sample respondents. The place of research in RSIA Aura Syifa in Kediri Regency on 16th until 22nd of June 2009. From this research’s result, we got 14 persons (66,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a good way, one person (4,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way, 2 persons (9,52%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a good way and 4 persons (19,05%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way. Statistic test which used chi-square test, counted the probability frequency in advance, from that we got 3 columns with the score, less than 5, so that chi-square can not be continued and by doing exact fisher test, the score was 0,001. Because P with the grade mistake 0,05 smaller, so the conclusion was “Ho” is rejected, it meant “there was correlation between suckling and uterus involution”. Key Word : Breast feeding, uterus involution

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