scholarly journals PREDICTION OF VERTICAL IMPACTION OF LOWER WISDOM TOOTH ACCORDING ORTHOPANTOMOGRAPHY OF LOWER JAW

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
A.M. Hohol ◽  
A.I. Pankevych ◽  
I.A. Kolisnyk ◽  
D.S. Machulenko ◽  
Ya.A. Hohol
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Position ◽  
Wisdom Tooth ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Tooth Impaction ◽  
Vertical Impaction ◽  
Search Data

Topic relevance. The dental surgeon often is left alone with the dilemma: to save or remove the third lower molars. The justification of indications for tooth extraction must have objective criteria. It should be noted that a patient with this problem does not always have the opportunity to receive comprehensive advice from an orthodontist. In view of this, the solution to this problem requires the search for radiological data, which are the most available today and would help to justify treatment tactics for preservation or removal of the tooth. The conditions of tooth preservation in the dentition are most favorable with a slight medio-distal inclination and a vertical position of the third lower molars. However, this does not exclude the possibility of tooth impaction, which is often accompanied by periodic inflammatory phenomena in the tissues adjacent to the tooth and motivates both the patient and the dental surgeon to solve this problem. The aim of our study was to research of radiographic indicators of orthopantomography of the mandible to predict the vertical retention of the third lower molars. Material and methods of research. The platforms of Google Scholar, Research Gate and PubMed are used for research and analysis of the scientific literature on the application of objective criteria of mandibular orthopantomography data in the prediction of vertical impaction of the third lower molars. Impaction of mandibular molars is the result of a number of factors, including heredity, racial characteristics, muscle function, the nature of the food consumed, insufficient growth of the mandible, the size of the retromolar space. The accurately determination the positions of the molars and the size of the retromolar space of the mandible by available methods of X-ray diagnosis (the most common of which is the method of orthopantomography of the jaws) are necessary to prediction of tooth retention. The accuracy of imaging and measurements on orthopantomograms of the jaws was studied by both domestic and foreign authors. The angle of inclination of lower wisdom tooth, the size of the retromolar space of the mandible and the mesiodistal size of the teeth are determined on OPTG of jaws in the vast majority of publications. The age aspect of patients is also important for prediction of tooth impaction. In particular, most researchers state the fact that up to 20 years of life there is a significant probability of changing the position of the teeth during their eruption and therefore it is quite appropriate to wait. To predict the nature of the impaction of the third lower molars, the authors provide indicators of the angle of the tooth, the structure of their roots, the degree of impact and age of the patient. The publication of Maria Mersedes Gallas-Torreira and co-authors, which compared two methods of linear measurements on OPTG – Olive-Basford’s and Olmos ’methods have greatest interest. Both methods can be used to predict of impaction of lower wisdom tooth. However, if the prognostic estimate is based on orthopantomogram data rather than cone-beam computed tomography, the Olmos` method demonstrates a lower error rate and a more plausible prediction. To substantiate the algorithm for predicting the vertical retention of third lower molar in order to improve treatment tactics for the preservation or removal of the tooth which based on the obtained search data and the results of our own clinical observations and it is planned in the future.

Dental Inclusion of Canine and Wisdom Tooth in Orthodontics Chemical Necroses

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2191-2196
Author(s):  
Cristian Constantin Budacu ◽  
Nicoleta Ioanid ◽  
Cristian Romanec ◽  
Mihail Balan ◽  
Liliana Lacramioara Pavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Separate Entity ◽  
Wisdom Tooth ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Edentulous Mandible ◽  
Canine Guidance ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Functional Point

Canine plays an important role in the dento-maxillary system. From a functional point of view, it provides the canine guidance, by positioning it in the frontal area, has a role in facial aesthetics. It plays an important prosthetic role by having the longest root and one of the longest arcade teeth. Three molars represent the last teeth that erupt in the arches both in the jaw and in the mandible, which is why they remain the most frequently included.Canine incidence is quite common following the wisdom tooth. It can be unilateral or bilateral and is more common in the upper jaw. The canine may remain included at the vestibular, palatal or between the two bones. A separate entity is the incision of the canine in the edentulous mandible or jaw. The study included 213 cases with dento-alveolar pathology, of which 128 patients were selected with dental inclusion. Our study reports that the first three molars are frequent, followed by the canine as opposed to other studies conducted by Guzduz K in 2011 and Fardi A of the same year bringing the canines first (Fardi, Guzduz). Some studies attribute the first place to the superior canine in terms of frequency, but they are abstracted from the molar three inclusion that they consider as most frequently (Compoy). The most common tooth in inclusion is the third molar (lower and upper) followed by the upper canine; the most commonly affected are women for both canine and molar.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Panoramic Radiographs in Relation to the Mandibular Third Molar and to Incidental Findings in an Adult Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Cederhag ◽  
Nina Lundegren ◽  
Per Alstergren ◽  
Xie-Qi Shi ◽  
Kristina Hellén-Halme
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Patient Positioning ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
The Third

Abstract Objectives The aim was to evaluate the characteristics of the mandibular third molars, especially in relation to the inferior alveolar nerve. Further aims were to investigate incidental findings in panoramic radiographs in an adult population, and to investigate image quality related to patient positioning. Materials and Methods From a previous study with 451 randomly selected adult participants who lived in Sweden, 442 panoramic radiographs from four dental public health clinics were used. The third molars’ characteristics and relation to inferior alveolar nerve were evaluated. Incidental findings and patient positioning were recorded. Statistical Analysis Frequency analysis was used to investigate the occurrence of all findings and their possible interconnections. Whether the patients’ age or gender had an impact or not was also analyzed. Results The third molars were erupted in vertical position among 73% regardless of age. When retained or semi-retained, they were most commonly in mesioangular positions. The inferior alveolar nerve was located inferior to the roots in 52%, whereas an overlapped position was most common if the third molar was retained (90%), semi-retained (83%) or the age was less than 30 years (66%). Common incidental findings were apical radiolucencies, idiopathic osteosclerosis, and tooth fragments. Suboptimal patient positioning was found in one-third of the radiographs. Conclusions Panoramic radiography is a useful method to evaluate third molar prior to surgical removal and may be the only image required. Most incidental findings on panoramic radiographs does not seem to require any further odontological management.

EFFECTS OF FRESH PLASMA OR WHOLE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS ON PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-692
Author(s):  
Anatole S. Dekaban ◽  
Kenton R. Holden ◽  
George Constantopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fresh Plasma

Repeated fresh plasma or whole blood transfusions were given to five patients with either Hurler, Hunter, or Sanfilippo types of mucopolysaccharidosis. Clinical observations and total 24-hour urinary AMPS and their composition and molecular weight distribution were determined before, during, and after transfusions. The two patients who received plasma transfusions showed no noticeable change in the amount of AMPS excreted; of the three patients who received whole blood transfusions, two had slightly less excretion of AMPS while the third showed no difference. The AMPS in the CSF were measured in one patient before and after blood transfusions and found to be unchanged; likewise, the determination of molecular weights in the isolated AMPS was virtually identical. In the patients studied, the transfusions caused no demonstrable difference in the patients' clinical condition.

scholarly journals Flooding Conceptual Review: Sustainability-Focalized Best Practices in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cirella ◽  
Felix Iyalomhe
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecosystem Stability ◽  
Indelible Mark ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environmentally Sound

Nigeria’s 196 million people is the third fastest growing population in the world; the interactions of this build up has left an indelible mark on the landscape and environment. Urbanization, deforestation, flooding, desertification, over population and all levels of pollution are resultant effects of this interaction with the environment. These changes directly relate to a seemingly endless desire for food, shelter, recreation and infrastructural facilities and urbanization in general. This has placed enormous pressure on ecosystem stability and environmentally sound living conditions. Flooding has become an annual event for Nigerian cities—where it consistently causes economic problems in the rainy season. Effort made by the government and residents to forestall this problem has produced sub-optimal results. There is a need to adopt more proactive, standard and reliable procedures that can offer sustainable outcomes and restore the socioeconomic growth of urban areas. Frequency of flooding is due to a number of factors relating to differing climatological patterns of precipitation, urban growth and increase in paved surfaces. The aim of this review is to utilize a conceptual framework to assess and identify areas within Nigeria prone to flooding and examine possible means of alleviating damage and harm.

Paul and the Parousia: 1 Corinthians 15.50–57 and 2 Corinthians 5.1–5

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Perriman
Keyword(s):  
First Person ◽  
1 Corinthians ◽  
2 Corinthians ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Third Person

1 Cor 15.50–57 is frequently cited as evidence that Paul expected to be alive at the parousia, chiefly on the basis of the distinction in v. 52 between ‘the dead’ who ‘will be raised imperishable’ and ‘we’ who ‘will be changed’. Paul ‘expects that at the parusia he himself will not be among the dead (of whom he speaks in the third person), but among the living (of whom he speaks in the first person)’. There are, however, a number of factors that persuade us to question this conclusion.

scholarly journals The theory of metallic corrosion in the light of quantitative measurements

1927 ◽  
Vol 116 (774) ◽  
pp. 425-467 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Importance ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Metallic Corrosion

The principal object of the present research is the discovery of a satisfactory way of measuring the corrosion of metals in water and dilute salt solutions, and the use of it to test the adequacy of the newer electrochemical theory of corrosion as applied to such media. The theory suggests that a large number of factors can influence the rate of corrosion, but does not indicate quantita­tively their relative importance in given conditions, in fact, the theory is based at present upon qualitative or only roughly quantitative measurements. It is desirable, therefore, that a determined attempt should be made to place it upon a sounder basis, on account, both of the inherent interest of the theory and of its importance in technical problems of steadily increasing insistence. The present communication is the first portion of an extensive research; it is divided into three sections, the first gives an outline of the theory as understood by the authors; the second, a brief review of the kind of measurement upon which it rests; the third an improved method of measuring corrosion as applied to the metal zinc, together with an interpretation of the results so far obtained.

scholarly journals Cone-beam computed tomography for assessment of palatal displaced canine position: A methodological study

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Naoumova ◽  
Heidrun Kjellberg ◽  
Reet Palm
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Intraexaminer Reliability

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the inter- and intraexaminer reliability of a measurement method for evaluation of eruption angles and position of palatal displaced canines (PDCs) with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and to test the validity of the measured angles on a dry skull. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (eight boys, 12 girls; age 11.4 ± 1.2 years) were randomly chosen among 67 patients from a study evaluating the interceptive effect of extracting the deciduous canine in children with PDCs. In total, 60 images were analyzed, because each patient had three CBCT examinations (baseline, 6-month control, and endpoint). Two observers assessed the following measurements twice: mesioangular and sagittal angle, vertical position, canine cusp tip, and canine apex to dental arch. The validity of the angular measurements was tested against angular measurements on a dry skull using mathematical formulations. Results: The inter- and intraexaminer mean differences for angular and linear measurements were all low and statistically insignificant (P > .05). The mean differences between the physical and 3D measurements were 0.5 ± 0.39 mm for the sagittal angle and 0.22 ± 0.19 mm for the mesioangular angle. Conclusions: Linear and angular measurements on CBCT images are accurate and precise and can be used to assess the precise position of a PDC.

scholarly journals WORKING CONDITIONS FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE ENTERPRISE OF WOODWORKING INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Petrova ◽  
V. S. Panshina ◽  
A. P. Figurovsky ◽  
I. O. Topanov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Finish Line ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Spray Booth ◽  
Machine Operator

The hygienic assessment of working conditions at the modern furniture company showed such conditions at main work places are referred to the third class of the first and second degrees of the hazard and danger. The most adverse working conditions (3 class, 2 degree) are typical for operators of woodworking machines, machine operator in a spray booth for the edges of the sorter-stacker at the discharge conveyor line trim boards and spray the frames, the sorter-stacker at the feed conveyor panels of finish line rollers. Man-made noise, low lightness of working places, and the hardness of the labor process are most harmful occupational factors. Implementation of paint operations on processing of furniture components is further accompanied by the air pollution of the working area by chemicals and exposure of the body of the worker to the heating microclimate of radiation-convection type. Most of workplaces are characterized by summing the classes of working conditions on a number of factors. It indicates to their complex impact on the body of the worker. The assessment of the risk of occupational hearing loss showed the most probability of its development in machine operators and packers.

scholarly journals Practicing one thing at a time: the secret to reward-based learning?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katinka van der Kooij ◽  
Nina M van Mastrigt ◽  
Jeroen BJ Smeets
Keyword(s):  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Conditions For Learning ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Giving Feedback

AbstractBinary reward feedback on movement success is sufficient for learning in some simple reaching tasks, but not in some more complex ones. It is unclear what the critical conditions for learning are. Here, we ask how reward-based sensorimotor learning depends on the number of factors that are task-relevant. In a task that involves two factors, we test whether learning improves by giving feedback on each factor in a separate phase of the learning. Participants learned to perform a 3D trajectory matching task on the basis of binary reward-feedback in three phases. In the first and second phase, the reward could be based on the produced slant, the produced length or the combination of the two. In the third phase, the feedback was always based on the combination of the two factors. The results showed that reward-based learning did not depend on the number of factors that were task-relevant. Consistently, providing feedback on a single factor in the first two phases did not improve motor learning in the third phase.

scholarly journals Custom Focal Trough in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Reformatted Panoramic Versus Digital Panoramic for Mental Foramen Position to Aid Implant Planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Khaled Beshtawi ◽  
Emad Qirresh ◽  
Mohamed Parker ◽  
Shoayeb Shaik
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Objectives: To compare the linear measurements from digital panoramic (DP) radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) volumes for the localization of the mental foramen (MF). Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients with panoramic and CBCT radiographs depicted on the same machine were analyzed. The vertical and horizontal positions of the MF were compared by the differences in distances measured from reference points to the boundaries (tangents) of the MF in digital panoramic (DP) and CBCT reformatted panoramic (CRP) views. The vertical position of MF was also analyzed on CBCT oblique coronal views (CORO) and compared with its corresponding distances on DP and CRP views. Results: Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found in all compared measurements between CRP and DP views. In addition, the vertical distance (Y1) compared between DP, CRP, and CORO views also showed a statistically significant measurement discrepancy in the mean distance (P < 0.000) with the highest mean difference of 1.59 mm (P < 0.05) was attained from Y1 (DP-CORO). Inter- and intra-examiner analysis indicated a high level of agreement for all measurements. Conclusion: The mean values of discrepancies in measurements between DP and CRP views for horizontal and vertical linear measurements were clinically tolerable. Nevertheless, significant differences in the vertical MF position were detected between the panoramic views (DP, CRP) and the coronal views (CORO). This implies that the use of coronal view measurements during implant planning might reduce the risk of neurovascular injuries.

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