scholarly journals Digital poverty: How online economy captures property inequality

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-164
Author(s):  
D.E. Konoplev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Loyalty Programs ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Rich

The article discusses the problem of digital poverty, arising when communication through digital platforms reduces the cost of the process of obtaining and exchanging information and replaces traditional economic processes. Using the example of the consumption of digital and online services, the author shows how digital communications can act as a marker for differentiating the behavior of the poor and the rich. Using cluster analysis and assessment of multicollinearity, the author interprets the data of a sociological study of five groups of respondents, indicating the factors of manifestation of digital poverty in the behavior of economic agents. The problem of the digital trace formed as a result of the automated data collection from users of online services is also considered. The author notes that consumers of digital services, in exchange for discounts, transfer their personal data to digital platforms that use the information received to stimulate further online consumption through new discounts and loyalty programs, which has a negative impact on offline consumption. The study also raises the issue of the accompanying digital poverty of economic externalities, identifies markers of property inequality in the digital economy, possible options for the development of the online economy against the background of the classical communication and social relations become luxurious. It also indicates the main scenarios for leveling the effects of digital poverty.

scholarly journals Demarcation of the public and private in the interaction of the state and citizens on digital network platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
V. V. Zotov
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Private And Public

Digital network platforms are built on sociotechnical interaction between actors and actors. The creation and development of new public services based on digital platforms inevitably leads to the transformation of the relationship between the state and citizens. The attractiveness of state digital platforms for citizens increases when resolving the contradiction between the possibilities of new forms of social interaction and the threat of misuse of personal data, the risk of harm or persecution.The article presents the results of the analysis of the boundaries of the public and private in the interaction of the state with citizens on digital network platforms. The research method is a comparative analysis, which is based on the dichotomy of public and private, reflected in the concept of private and public X. Arendt, concepts of the public sphere J. Habermas, regulatory and legal concepts of privacy by R. Gavison. The empirical base was made up of a sociological study conducted to obtain information about the boundaries of privacy and publicity of personal data in the digital network space (n = 1 000 among the population over 18 years old living in metropolitan megacities and median regions by the level of informatization, 2020) and the results of Kaspersky Lab surveys conducted in 2019–2020.The conducted research allows us to assert that almost 2/3 of citizens have faced the misuse of confidential information on the Internet. Most of the respondents are aware that websites, social networks and search engines can collect data for web analytics. At the same time, citizens consider it possible to transfer personal data to the authorities in a generalized form for making managerial decisions. Half of the surveyed population does not object to the implementation of digital control over the actions and movements of citizens. Thus, despite the existing negative experience, it is unlikely that there will be any obvious resistance to organizing the collection of personal information on digital network platforms.

scholarly journals Improving the Marketing Communications of Bank in the Context of Digital Transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (518) ◽  
pp. 242-247
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Mayovets ◽  
◽  
A. V. Sokhetska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Loyalty Programs ◽  
Marketing Communications ◽  
Digital Platforms

The article reflects the current trends of digital transformation in the banking sector of Ukraine, due to the introduction of new marketing channels. Banking services in Ukraine and around the world are rapidly changing under the influence of information technologies, which requires the introduction of new standards and communication channels. Traditional marketing communications in banking institutions were based on a number of marketing instruments, namely: advertising, direct marketing, branding, PR activities, publicity, stimulating the sales, loyalty programs, sponsorship, personal sales, presentations of products. Recognition of «digital transformation» by various analytical institutions reflects its role in scaling information processes, increasing economic efficiency and integrating the business processes of different participants on a single open platform. The digital transformation of organizations includes the following stages: digital beginners, digital subscribers, digital innovators, and digital leaders. In Ukraine, the evolution of digital transformation is based on the Fintech Development Strategy in Ukraine until 2025, developed by the NBU. The latter includes the expansion of digital technologies and their integration on open platforms, as well as the use of built-in financing. The article specifies that, despite all the advantages of digital transformation, the banking sector was one of the first to face financial fraud through online communication channels (Viber, WhatsApp, etc.), when the consumer is attacked in an aggressive manner, demanding personal data of bank cards. Such risks require receiving feedback from the client in order to promptly solve the problems of personal data leak and, if necessary, block the client’s card. In the process of evolution, new levels of digital platforms are being formed, which allow not only customers and staff of banks to connect to them, but also providers of various solutions through the BaaS model. Marketing communications provide for the education of financial literacy in customers and the formation of feedback by quickly responding to complaints.

scholarly journals Automated Neoliberalism? The Digital Organisation of Markets In Technoscientific Capitalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (100) ◽  
pp. 10-27
Author(s):  
Kean Birch
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ranking Algorithms ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Digital Processes

The core contradiction in neoliberalism (studies) is that markets are organised and require significant bureaucratic coordination and governance. In light of the increasingly technoscientific nature of contemporary capitalism, it is important to examine exactly how markets are organised and their governance configured by digital processes. In this article, I argue that the entanglement of digital technoscience and capitalism has led to an 'automated neoliberalism' in which markets are configured by digital platforms, personal lives are transformed through the accumulation of personal data, and social relations are automated through algorithms, distributed electronic ledgers, and rating systems. Two issues arise as a result of these changes: first, are markets being automated away, in that market exchange no longer underpins social organisation? And second, does individual and social reflexivity problematise techno-economic automation, in that new platforms, data assets, ranking algorithms, etc. are all dependent on individuals telling the 'truth'? My aim in this article is to answer these questions and to consider the political implications of automated neoliberalism and our reflexive enrolment in it.

scholarly journals Building Trust in Digital Platforms for Sharing Collaborative Lifestyles in Sustainable Contexts

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 223-247
Author(s):  
Raissa Karen Leitinho Sales ◽  
Ana Carla Amaro ◽  
Vania Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Commercial Organizations

The term “sharing economy” is intended to identify a set of social relations, digitally mediated, based on the principles of reciprocity and trust. However, such principles must result from the technological and design requirements of the platforms used where users deposit their personal data, insert information about interests and daily practices, communicate with strangers and, in this way, create personal bonds. The study hereby presented aims to identify a set of guidelines for building trust in the context of digitally mediated sharing of collaborative lifestyles, on platforms that promote the sharing of experiences in sustainable contexts. Within the scope of this study, sharing collaborative lifestyles means a non-monetary social exchange of knowledge, skills, accommodation, and food. The analyzed platforms — Volunteers Base, The Poosh, and WWOOF Portugal — are non-commercial organizations that promote experiences in educational projects in eco villages, natural construction projects in rural areas, permaculture projects on farms, among others. A multi-case and documentary study of the terms and policies published by these digital platforms was carried out. These regulatory documents were submitted to content analysis, using the Iramuteq and MAXQDA software. From this analysis, 20 guidelines emerged, in three categories: “practices and conduct”, “conditions” and “security and privacy”, which can guide users and platforms in the construction of digitally mediated sharing relationships in a transparent and reliable way.

A critical appraisal of diversity in digital knowledge production: Segregated inclusion on YouTube

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110348
Author(s):  
Kaiping Chen ◽  
June Jeon ◽  
Yanxi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Core ◽  
Inclusion Phenomenon ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Digital Knowledge

Diversity in knowledge production is a core challenge facing science communication. Despite extensive works showing how diversity has been undermined in science communication, little is known about to what extent social media augments or hinders diversity for science communication. This article addresses this gap by examining the profile and network diversities of knowledge producers on a popular social media platform—YouTube. We revealed the pattern of the juxtaposition of inclusiveness and segregation in this digital platform, which we define as “segregated inclusion.” We found that diverse profiles are presented in digital knowledge production. However, the network among these knowledge producers reveals the rich-get-richer effect. At the intersection of profile and network diversities, we found a decrease in the overall profile diversity when we moved toward the center of the core producers. This segregated inclusion phenomenon questions how inequalities in science communication are replicated and amplified in relation to digital platforms.

Mortuary Practices and the Social Order at La Quemada, Zacatecas, Mexico

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben A. Nelson ◽  
J. Andrew Darling ◽  
David A. Kice
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Ancestor Worship ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Epiclassic occupants of the site of La Quemada left the disarticulated remains of 11-14 humans in an apparently sacred structure outside the monumental core of the site. Several lines of evidence are reviewed to generate propositions about the ritual meanings and functions of the bones. A comparative analysis reveals the complexity of mortuary practices in northern and western Mexico, and permits the suggestion that these particular remains were those of revered ancestors or community members. The sacred structure is seen as a charnel house, in which the more ancient tradition of ancestor worship expressed in shaft tombs was essentially perpetuated above ground. Hostile social relations are clearly suggested, however, by other categories of bone deposits. Recognition of the rich variability of mortuary displays leads to questions about their role in the maintenance of the social order.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION DATA MANAGEMENT: LEGAL REGULATION AND CLASSIFICATION

10.23856/4325 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Oleksii Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Protection Information ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Almost All

The scale, speed and multi-vector development of science and technology are extremely effective in influencing legal, economic, political, spiritual, professional and other social relations. The development of information and communication technologies, the use of the Internet, the creation, storage, transmission, processing and management of information became the driving forces of the new scientific and technological revolution. This facilitates the introduction of technologies for the transmission and use of information in digital form in almost all spheres of public life, namely text data, photo, audio, video images, which are transmitted in various ways via the Internet and other systems and means of communication. One of the key elements of data transmission technologies and systems is the availability of information by which it is possible to identify their subjects and objects by their inherent identification attributes. In Ukrainian legislation, in particular in the Law of Ukraine «On Personal Data Protection», information or a set of information about an individual who is or can be identified specifically is defined as personal data. However, despite its modernity, this law still contains a number of shortcomings and uncertainties, both in terminology and in the legal mechanisms for working with data by which a person can be identified, i.e. identification data.

scholarly journals Polish Employment Law in the Face of Digitization and New Technologies

2019 ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
Ewa Suknarowska-Drzewiecka
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
The Face ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Control Work

The digital revolution, also called the fourth industrial revolution, constitutes another era of change, caused by the development of computerisation and modern technologies. It is characterised by rapid technological progress, widespread digitisation and an impact on all areas of life, including the provision of work. The changes affecting this area are so significant that there are proposals to remodel the definition of the employment relationship in the Labour Code. New forms of employment, which do not fit the conventional definition of an employment relationship, are emerging and gaining importance. An example could be employment via digital platforms. At the same time, there are also employment forms that do fit that definition, but deviate from the conventional understanding of the terms and conditions for performing work, which have undergone modification due to the use of new technologies. Teleworking, or working outside the employer’s premises, are examples of that. Employers get further opportunities to organise and control work, which often raises concerns due to the employee’s right to privacy, the protection of personal rights and personal data.

scholarly journals CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3(88)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Voronchak ◽  
Yuriy Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

The paper investigates the theoretical and practical aspects of providing the corporate social responsibility in a digital economy. The digital transformation of economic activity necessitates a business response to fundamental new challenges and threats related to cybersecurity, privacy, copyright protection, blockchain, misinformation, ethical algorithms for artificial intelligence etc. The quantity and complexity of digitalization problems determines the need for a consistent and comprehensive approach to ensuring digital responsibility in economy. Corporate digital responsibility can be defined as a responsible and ethical using of digital technologies; forecasting the social, economic and environmental consequences of decisions made in the digital economy. The analysis of social reports and web resources of Ukrainian companies indicates that their potential of digital responsibility is limited to the digital skills transfer and partial using in communications with stakeholders. At the same time, there are promising ways of manifesting social responsibility of domestic enterprises: investments in digital infrastructure and education; using digital technologies to monitor the responsibility and business ethics of suppliers and contractors; digitalization of environmental management processes; protection of digital rights and personal data of customers, employees, partners; dialogue with real and potential stakeholders through digital channels. Foreign experience shows that it is efficient to form public-private partnership platforms in the field of digital responsibility and sustainable development. It is also appropriate for the government to develop and implement a strategy for the digital transformation, programs of economic and advisory support for digital social entrepreneurship; to form standards for assessing and reporting about corporate digital responsibility; to eliminate the institutional and legislative barriers to the digital economy development; to overcome the digital divide in society; to create algorithms for personal data processing and suitable digital platforms.

scholarly journals The scope of competition law in the digital economy

Pravovedenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-572
Author(s):  
Ioannis Lianos ◽  
◽  
Zingales Nicolo ◽  
Andrew McLean ◽  
Azza Raslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Explicit Consent ◽  
Data Portability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Interim Measures

The article reveals new problems arising in the digital economy and the need for antimonopoly regulation. It also analyzes the legal remedies and procedures for competition law in the context of digitalization. Redesigning competition law procedures for the digital economy can take two forms: 1) ensure the rate of competition law enforcement so as to avoid acting in situations when market tipping has already occurred and it is almost impossible to reverse the anticompetitive outcome; 2) develop remedial action that takes into account the scale of anticompetitive behavior, which might better reflect the complexity of digital markets. Competition authorities should consider utilizing interim measures and commitment decisions in the digital economy, both instruments playing a complementary role. Interim measures can be used within a revised framework with lower thresholds, but this should only be reserved for complicated and lengthy investigations where there is risk of irreversible harm to competition. These measures should be applied to the most harmful violations, such as cartels and abuse of dominance. Commitment decisions can be utilized to address less serious violations where it is also beneficial to the competition authority to reach a swift resolution. The article analyzes the division of companies as a way to eliminate violations. Division can take different forms and need not be structural. A certain ‘light-touch’ separation may be achieved by policies mandating that digital platforms not use personal data that has been harvested by the members of their ecosystems unless they have the explicit consent of their users. The article also addresses issues such as data portability and cross-platform compatibility. The authors have proved that the BRICS countries need to supplement their national legislation on the protection of personal data in terms of norms on their portability. Although it is not mainly designed as a tool to combat monopolies and market power, data portability will have a significant impact on competition in digital markets. Multisided digital platforms are characterized by a high network and lock-in effects. In a winner takes all, or most, where undertakings compete for the market rather than in the market, the right to data portability may provide some relief from the power that large digital platforms hold.

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