scholarly journals Eine Vorwärtsstrategie für Buchenholz ist eine Vorwärtsstrategie für Waldeigentümer (Essay)

2019 ◽  
Vol 170 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Raphael Häner ◽  
Gabriella Ries ◽  
Stefan Vögtli ◽  
Philipp Schoch
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Enterprises ◽  
Heating Plant

A strategy for beech wood is a strategy for forest owners (essay) In the two cantons of Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, there are about 8.2 million m3 of growing stock, of which 3.2 million m3 or 40% is beech. Due to general economic conditions, in recent decades forest owners have had increasing difficulty in adding value to their wood. To remedy this situation, they contributed to the construction of the Basel wood-fired heating plant, which has been producing heat and energy from about 100 000 loose cubic metres (lcm; 36 000 m3) of forest wood from the two Basel cantons and about 140 000 lcm forest wood and waste wood from the surrounding area every year since 2008. In 2012, they launched the project “Building with Beech”, which aims to replace concrete and steel in building construction with beech lumber. The plant in question – Fagus Suisse SA – became operational this year. As a result, the forest owners of the two Basel cantons are no longer only producers of wood in the rough, but also stakeholders in the wood processing industry. However, measures in the field of wood processing are not enough to bring forestry enterprises back to profitability. They need a strategy to give value to other forest ecosystem services. The association WaldBeiderBasel has developed a catalogue of services that highlights the possibilities in this area. The key to success for the forest enterprises lies in recognising their own strengths and particularities and in intelligent cooperation with the private sector. It is important that forest owners and forest enterprises adapt to the needs of society and that their forest management practices demonstrate the sustainable use of natural resources.

Ergebnisse und Trends der forstlichen Betriebsabrechnung im Kanton Aargau von 1991 bis 2002 | Results and trends of the forest accounts in the canton of Argovia 1991-2002

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (7) ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Ernst Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Forest Enterprises ◽  
Catastrophic Damage

In recent years public forest owners in the canton of Argovia have carried out considerable structural changes. The positive consequences to the accounts arising from these changes can be confirmed and documented using a number of various measurements from the forest accounts. Until 1999 the results of structural changes compensated for the decrease in wood revenues, even managing in some cases to move from loss to profit. The falls in profit following the catastrophic damage caused by the hurricane Lothar in December 1999 also meant falling accounts. Even in internationally comparable enterprise structures, the survival of forest enterprises is not assured at these low levels. Against a background of, above all, falling subventions without corresponding compensation, further structural changes are unavoidable. Such changes, however, can only lead to success if value is added along the entire production chain and the branch of forest and wood management is able to compete internationally.

scholarly journals Influence of wood properties and technological parameters of processing on cutting power in milling of thermally modified beechwood

2011 ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Marija Mandic ◽  
Nebojsa Todorovic ◽  
Ranko Popadic ◽  
Gradimir Danon
Keyword(s):  
Beech Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Cutting Power ◽  
Wood Processing

The paper presents results of influence of thermal modification on cutting power required for milling wood processing. The experiment was conducted for the different treatment temperatures (170?C, 190?C and 210?C) and different technological parameters of processing (feed and cutting depth). Cutting powers during milling were measured on four groups of beech wood samples, dimensions 35?16?400 mm, separately for heartwood and sapwood. The following mechanical and physical properties of the processed samples were tested: bending properties (modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity), cross-sectional and tangential hardness, and air-dry density. The measuring device used for measuring, monitoring and displaying cutting power was developed at the Wood Machining Centre at the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade. The results point out the differences in the powers required for processing heat-treated wood compared to untreated wood. The analysis shows that with the increase in treatment temperature, the required cutting powers decrease.

scholarly journals Present challenges for future water sustainable cities: a case study from Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
L. Bonzanigo ◽  
G. Sinnona
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
The Future ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The global population is increasingly concentrated in cities. Cities and urban areas face many challenges – economic, social, health and environmental – which are often exacerbated by an increase in the frequency of natural disasters. Together, these challenges call for a shift towards sustainable cities which reduce their impact on the surrounding environment, whilst at the same time succeeding to make resources available to their increasing number of inhabitants. This article explores the state of the art of water management practices of the highly urbanised Northern Italian region and plans and scope for the future development of water management. Although the region is at present not under severe water stress, recently some cities faced water scarcity problems and were forced to implement water rationing. We assessed the vulnerability of Parma and Ferrara to a water crisis, together with the regular and emergency adaptation measures already in place, and the forecast for the near future. In two workshops, the authors adapted the Australian concept of Water Sensitive Urban Design for the Italian context. Although the population remains generally unaware of the impact of the two latest severe drought events (2003 and 2006/7), many adaptation measures towards a more sustainable use of the water resource are already in place – technically, institutionally, and individually. Water managers consider however that the drastic and definite changes needed to integrate the urban water management cycle, and which minimise the ecological footprint of urban spaces, lay far in the future.

Nonindustrial Private Forest Owners in Idaho

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Ellen Force ◽  
Harry W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Private Forest Owners ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Sociodemographic Profile ◽  
Nipf Owners ◽  
Nonindustrial Private Forest

Abstract Idaho's nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) owners were surveyed by mail to determine their sociodemographic characteristics, perceptions of the benefits received from owning forestland, use of forest management practices, harvesting plans, and use of forest management assistance. Data were reported for the entire state and also analyzed by ownership class. The sociodemographic profile of Idaho's NIPF owner is similar to that reported from other states. Major benefits of owning NIPF land were: wood for domestic use; esthetic enjoyment; and wildlife appreciation. Esthetics were more important to smaller landowners. Grazing and timber were benefits of importance to large landowners. Fifty-six percent of owners have harvested timber, varying from 35% of small holdings to 74% of large holdings. One-fourth of the owners say they will never harvest timber. Only 34% have ever sought professional forest management assistance. West. J. Appl. For. 6(2):32-36.

scholarly journals Modelling Non-timber Forest Products for Forest Management Planning in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Jari Miina ◽  
Mikko Kurttila ◽  
Rafael Calama ◽  
Sergio de-Miguel ◽  
Timo Pukkala
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Abstract Purpose of Review The increased popularity and commercial use of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) calls for the development of models for NTFPs to include their predicted yields in forest management planning and to evaluate the potential of multi-functional forest management. This study assesses and discusses the current state of the art and trends in NTFP yield modelling in Europe and the integration of the models in multi-functional forest management planning at different spatial scales. Recent Findings Climate-sensitive empirical yield models already exist not only for a variety of NTFPs that are economically important to forest owners (e.g. cork and pine nuts) but also for wild-gathered berries and mushrooms, the harvesting of which cannot be controlled by the forest landowner in all European countries. Several studies on multi-functional forest management planning consider the economic profitability of the joint production of timber and NTFP. Harvesting NTFPs can create significant additional incomes for forest owners, compared with timber production only. However, maximizing the economic returns from the joint production of timber and NTFPs often calls for changes in forest management practices. Summary Continued efforts in modelling and predicting the yields of NTFPs have enabled forest managers to further expand the analyses of multi-functional forest planning and management in Europe. Climate-sensitive models also allow analyses on the potential effects of climate change on NTFP yields. New models and forest management practices are still needed for tree fruits, birch sap, a wider variety of wild edible mushrooms, specialty mushrooms cultivated on live trees as well as medicinal and edible forest herbs harvested for commercial value in Europe.

Assorted wood harvesting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Mehrencev ◽  
Vasiliy Azarenok ◽  
Eduard Gerc
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Power Equipment ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Wood Harvesting ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Forest Enterprises ◽  
Machine Systems

The tutorial shows the possibility and feasibility of varietal wood harvesting using various machine systems, including harvester — forwarder complexes. The main forestry and technological parameters of various logging operations, their technological features and scope are also considered. It is intended for bachelors and undergraduates of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of Forestry", "technology of logging and wood processing industries", postgraduates of full-time and part-time training in the areas of "Forestry", "Biological Sciences", "Technologies, means of mechanization and power equipment in agriculture, forestry and fisheries", researchers, employees of forestry and environmental organizations. The issues discussed in the textbook are of interest to employees of forest enterprises of various forms of ownership and related industries engaged in logging."

Indigenous rangeland resource management in the mountainous areas of northern Nepal: a case study from the Rasuwa District

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Dong ◽  
J. P. Lassoie ◽  
Z. L. Yan ◽  
E. Sharma ◽  
K. K. Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Rangeland Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Modern Technologies

Rangelands perform numerous functions that have significant ecological and livelihood values for mountain societies in Nepal. There are no other systems more suitable than indigenous management systems, which have evolved over long periods of time and offer approaches to land use that are suitable to the varying climatic, biophysical conditions and ethnic diversity that characterise Nepal. However, traditional resource management practices have been ignored in the past, which has resulted in conflicts and resource degradation. In this context, a survey was conducted in the Rasuwa District of northern Nepal to identify existing indigenous rangeland management systems, examine the challenges facing the development of sustainable practices and suggest possible strategies for promoting their development. It was concluded from this study that local herders in the Rasuwa District of northern Nepal have developed effective indigenous rangeland management systems that include good grazing and conservation practices. Well organised local institutional arrangements and efficient traditional right and tenure systems have evolved that result in the sustainable use of rangeland resources. However, both internal and external factors are now challenging these traditional systems. Results indicated that to remain sustainable rangeland management systems in northern Nepal will require a clear recognition of indigenous knowledge of rangeland management as well as the integration of indigenous practices and strategies with modern technologies. More attention should be paid to the facilitation of rangeland legislation covering traditional rights and customary tenure, institutional cooperation and collaboration between government and civil society. Co-management and participatory research and development should be initiated on rangeland resources and the improvement of infrastructure and public service systems.

A framework to monitor sustainability in the grains industry

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Dalal ◽  
P. Lawrence ◽  
J. A. Doughton ◽  
J. Walker ◽  
R. J. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Sustainable Farming ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
Land Water

Community awareness of the sustainable use of land, water and vegetation resources is increasing. The sustainable use of these resources is pivotal to sustainable farming systems. However, techniques for monitoring the sustainable management of these resources are poorly understood and untested. We propose a framework to benchmark and monitor resources in the grains industry. Eight steps are listed below to achieve these objectives: (i) define industry issues; (ii) identify the issues through growers, stakeholder and community consultation; (iii) identify indicators (measurable attributes, properties or characteristics) of sustainability through consultation with growers, stakeholders, experts and community members, relating to: crop productivity; resource maintenance/enhancement; biodiversity; economic viability; community viability; and institutional structure; (iv) develop and use selection criteria to select indicators that consider: responsiveness to change; ease of capture; community acceptance and involvement; interpretation; measurement error; stability, frequency and cost of measurement; spatial scale issues; and mapping capability in space and through time. The appropriateness of indicators can be evaluated using a decision making system such as a multiobjective decision support system (MO-DSS, a method to assist in decision making from multiple and conflicting objectives); (v) involve stakeholders and the community in the definition of goals and setting benchmarking and monitoring targets for sustainable farming; (vi) take preventive and corrective/remedial action; (vii) evaluate effectiveness of actions taken; and (viii) revise indicators as part of a continual improvement principle designed to achieve best management practice for sustainable farming systems. The major recommendations are to: (i) implement the framework for resources (land, water and vegetation, economic, community and institution) benchmarking and monitoring, and integrate this process with current activities so that awareness, implementation and evolution of sustainable resource management practices become normal practice in the grains industry; (ii) empower the grains industry to take the lead by using relevant sustainability indicators to benchmark and monitor resources; (iii) adopt a collaborative approach by involving various industry, community, catchment management and government agency groups to minimise implementation time. Monitoring programs such as Waterwatch, Soilcheck, Grasscheck and Topcrop should be utilised; (iv) encourage the adoption of a decision making system by growers and industry representatives as a participatory decision and evaluation process. Widespread use of sustainability indicators would assist in validating and refining these indicators and evaluating sustainable farming systems. The indicators could also assist in evaluating best management practices for the grains industry.

scholarly journals STANDARDS FOR DETERMINING OF GROWING STOCK AND DIMENSIONAL-QUALITATIVE STRUCTURE OF MATURE AND OVERMATURE COPPICE OAK FOREST STANDS

2018 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
O. A. Slysh ◽  
V. P. Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Qualitative Structure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Standards

The results of the study of solid-volume/stacked-volume ratio, the relationship between heights and diameters, as well as the dimensional and qualitative structure of oak stems in mature and overmature forest stands are presented. Correlation analysis is performed and interrelations between taxation indicators are evaluated. Mathematical models of height, form factor and dimensional-qualitative structure of tree stems were developed, on the basis of which volume tables, a class scale of heights and tables of the dimensional and qualitative structure of tree oak stands were constructed. It was established that the percentage of output of coarse, medium and small merchantable wood, firewood and waste wood doesn’t significantly depend on the class of heights. Comparison of the developed standards with the current ones showed that the yield of commercial timber according to the results of the conducted study is 5% on average, and that of coarse commercial wood for stems with a diameter of more than 48 cm is 3-8% less than the current standards.

scholarly journals Lateral forces determine dimensional accuracy of the narrow-kerf sawing of wood

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz A. Orlowski ◽  
Daniel Chuchala ◽  
Marcin Szczepanski ◽  
Wojciech Migda ◽  
Wiktoria Wojnicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Volumetric Growth ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Saw Blade

AbstractThe shrinking global forest area limits the supply of industrially usable raw resources. This, in combination with the ever-increasing consumption of timber due to population growth can lead to the lack of a positive balance between the annual volumetric growth and consumption of wood. An important innovation toward increasing environmental and economic sustainability of timber production is to reduce the volume of wood residues by minimizing the sawing kerf. It results in higher material yield but may impact the dimensional accuracy of derived products. Therefore, the cutting tool geometry as well as the sawing process as a whole must be carefully optimized to assure optimal use of resources. The goal of this study is to better understand the causes of machining errors that occur when sawing wood with saws of varying thickness of kerf, with a special focus on re-sawing thin lamellae performed on the gang saw. Numerical simulations were tested against experimental results, considering influence of diverse components of cutting forces, in addition to the initial and operating stiffness coefficients of the saw blade. It has been demonstrated that asymmetric loads from the cutting process for the scraper saw blade can cause sawing inaccuracies. The simulation methodology developed in this research can be straightforwardly extended towards determination of optimal geometry of other cutting tools, particularly with the reduced sawing kerf. This may lead to more sustainable use of natural resources as well as an increase in economic gain for the wood processing industries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document