scholarly journals PENGARUH CAIRAN ALUMINIZING TERHADAP KEKERASAN KAWAT BAJA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Putranto N ◽  
Dody Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Intermetallic Layer ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Wire Strand ◽  
The Impact

Wire rope is made from several steel  wires a combined form a strand, a couple of strands twisted around the core to form a steel rope. One example of its usage is on the bridge to provide support for a heavy load. The steel wire is composed of several parts that is, steel wire, core and wire strand. Increasing the hardness of steel wire have the impact, the hardness of the steel wire. In an effort to improve the hardness of steel wire, there are opportunities to increase the hardness of steel wire with aluminizing method. The aim of this research is to find out the hardness of Wire in aluminizing process with alloys Al - Cu - Sn. Moreover to the research also aims to focus on the addition of Sn element in Al - Cu liquid. The methodology research was preceded by spliting wires from the wire rope. After that cut the wire into the sample wire. Then soak the wire into Al - Cu – Sn liquid at a temperature of 700ºC for ± 3 minutes. Elements of Sn which contained in the composition of Al - Cu - Sn vary from 0 % , 10 % and 20 % , while for CU’s component is 10 % and the rest of is Al, and the latter only elements of Al - Sn, without adding Cu element. Wire samples were then take away and cooled at room temperature, then test the wire by using micro hardness test, the test data was analyzed with Anova and finally made a conclusion. The results of this of this research showed that for the violence that occurs in the intermetallic layer shows the increase in value of hardness obtained on steel wire.

Rolling/Sliding Wear Behavior of High Carbon Steel Wire Rod (HSWR) of Traction Machine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom-Taek Jang ◽  
Seock-Sam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Worn Surface

Steel wires are critical load-bearing components in a wide range of applications such as elevator, cranes, mine haulage etc. The traction machine of elevator which transmits power to wire rope causes micro-slip between wire rope and sheave during reciprocating action. The lubrication condition of wire rope is also changed due to the lack of grease. This study focuses on the wear behavior of steel wire and effect of both dry and grease conditions by using the rolling/sliding contact wear tester done under various slip ratios and rolling speeds. The experimental results of the wear volume curve against the number of revolutions under the grease condition are compared with the results under dry condition. The worn surface of steel wire and the size of wear particles were observed by SEM. In order to quantify the wear amount of steel wire we established an equation and finally obtained the wear coefficient.

scholarly journals Effect of microwave disinfection on physical and mechanical properties of acrylic resins

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consant ◽  
Erica Brenoe Vieira ◽  
Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita ◽  
Wilson Batista Mendes ◽  
João Neudenir Arioli-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Microwave Energy ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluated the effect of microwave energy on the hardness, impact strength and flexural strength of the Clássico, Onda-Cryl and QC-20 acrylic resins. Aluminum die were embedded in metallic or plastic flasks with type III dental stone, in accordance with the traditional packing technique. A mixing powder/liquid ratio was used according to the manufacturer's instructions. After polymerization in water batch at 74ºC for 9 h, boiling water for 20 min or microwave energy at 900 W for 10 min, the specimens were deflasked after flask cooling at room temperature, and submitted to finishing. Specimens non-disinfected and disinfected by microwave irradiation were submitted to hardness, impact and flexural strength tests. Each specimen was immersed in distilled water and disinfected in a microwave oven calibrated to 650 W for 3 min. Knoop hardness test was performed with 25 g load for 10 s, impact test was carried out using the Charpy system with 40 kpcm, and 3-point bending test with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's test (?=0.05). Disinfection by microwave energy decreased the hardness of Clássico and Onda-Cryl acrylic resins, but no effect was observed on the impact and flexural strength of all tested resins.

scholarly journals Effect of Structure Parameters on Polycal Wire Rope Isolator Stiffness-Damping Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaowu Tu ◽  
Xiaofeng Lu ◽  
Xiaolei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Damping Characteristics ◽  
Bending Radius ◽  
Pitch Length ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Wire Strand

Wire rope isolators are mainly used to isolate vibration and protect precise equipment. However, the issue of regulation of vibration isolators taking into account the nonlinearity of their characteristics was poorly understood in the modern literature. In this paper, the influence of structural parameters (diameter ratio and lay pitch of the single strand, and lay pitch and bending radius of the wire rope) on stiffness-damping characteristics of the Polycal WRI was investigated by the simplified finite element analysis method. The stiffness and damping prediction models including structural parameters and material properties were established. The results showed that the stiffness-damping characteristics were the best; when the diameter ratio of wire strand was 1.1, the inside layer wire pitch length was 6 times the diameter of the wire strand, the outside layer wire pitch length was 11 times the diameter of the wire strand, the pitch length of the wire rope was 7.5 times its diameter, and the bending radius was equal to 46.5 mm. The errors of the prediction for prestiffness and softened stiffness were within 5%, and the errors of prediction for the energy dissipation coefficient were within 10%.

Wire Cable Failures in Climbing Anchor Chocks

2007 ◽  
Vol 348-349 ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Vogwell ◽  
Jose Maria Minguez
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Rock Face ◽  
The Wire

Anchor chocks are used in the sport of rock climbing for providing secure attachment to a rock face. They are used at regular intervals and must be light weight (since many are carried) and also sufficiently strong to withstand an impact force should a climber fall from a height. In chock design, steel wire cable is widely used for connecting the nut component, which is wedged into a rock crevice, to the free end which attaches, via a karabiner link, to the safety rope. However, the wire cable is vulnerable to failure as it can fray with use at exposed ends - especially when folded into a loop using tight bends. Also, the ferrule end connections are considered a potential design weakness. In a research programme tests have been carried out on new and also some well used anchor chocks and has revealed very different, and some unpredicted, failure modes – depending on the state of the wire rope and whether the applied load at failure was static or impact. This paper presents the results of test failures for a range of chocks and discusses the benefits of using single lengths of wire cable with suitably swaged end ferrules.

scholarly journals Geometry and Modeling of the Oval Strand of n0+(2n0+4)+n2 Type

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Stanová
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Wire Strand

Abstract A wire rope is a structure composed of many individual wires. The wires form two major structural elements: the strand core and the layers of the strand. There may be different shapes of strands in the rope depending on the shape of strand core. The paper deals with the mathematical geometric modeling of the oval wire strand created of n0 + (2n0 + 4) + n2 wires. The number and diameter of the core wires are the initial data. The mathematical representation is in form of parametric equations of the wire axes. The equations are implemented in the Pro/Engineer Wildfire V5 software for creating the geometrical model of the strand.

The Structural Design and Experimental Research of Multi-Level Cushioning Packaging Storage Box

2013 ◽  
Vol 655-657 ◽  
pp. 207-210
Author(s):  
Ming Xi Hu ◽  
Sheng Jun Liu ◽  
Yan Jun Zhang ◽  
Zhen Jie Du ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Hydraulic Damper ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

Aiming at the damage of package caused by emergency rescue and other severe transportation environment, a multi-level cushioning packaging storage box is proposed in this paper, the precise instrument is fixed in the box, which achieves the box-instrument integration. At the moment when air-dropped box touches the ground, the impact force is absorbed and cushioned through plastic cork base, rubber absorber, box body, steel wire rope spring, hydraulic damper for five times, which could provide effective cushion protection for the precise instrument which fragility value is not less than 15G. Simulation airdrop tests are performed to the storage box with different cushion levels, and the test shows that the result of five-level cushion method proposed in the paper is the best, and overload values are all within 12G, which could provide enough cushion space for precise instrument to avoid touchdown damage.

Broken Steel Wire Rope Inspection Based on RBF Neural Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 1734-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Yan Mei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Rbf Neural Network ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Design Scheme ◽  
Steel Rope ◽  
Steel Wires

In view of the problem of low detection precision exists in traditional quantitative detection system of broken wire for steel rope, the paper proposed a design scheme of quantitative detection system of broken wire for steel rope based on RBF neural network. The RBF Neural Network was introduced to establish the model of discerning quantitative broken steel wires. Experimental results showed that the method performed well in the identification of damage.

scholarly journals INCREASED VIBRATION ON REFRIGERATOR SHIPS OF B437/11 PROJECT AND TECHNICAL PROPOSALS ON ITS REDUCTION

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Minas Armenakovich Minasyan ◽  
Aung Myo Thant ◽  
Armen Minasovich Minasyan
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Isolation Systems ◽  
The Impact

The paper considers the causes of increased vibration of four auxiliary diesel-generator sets of "Sulzer" 5АL25 type on board nine refrigerated vessels of B437 / 11 project after 15 years of operation. The proposed wide range of possible applications to address the problem of high vibration of diesel generators and motor vessels there were generally implemented upgraded turbocharger brackets, engine sub-frame and supporting spiral-rope vibration isolators in the shock absorption system of the diesel-generator. Four original patented technical solutions have been presented, among which one solution is implemented in 5AL25 diesel generator and 2H 8.5/11 diesel damping systems. There has been offered wide application both wire rope vibration isolators and combined isolators, in which elastic elements are made of nonflammable materials. Wire rope vibration isolators combine high bearing capacity (static loads within 1 N - 50 kN) with high elasticity under dynamic effects; their natural frequencies can drop to 2.5 Hz. Under the worst conditions 75% of the free moving weakens the impact to values that ensure the necessary safety of the object. Experience in designing vibration isolation systems allows to set the maximum range of loads within 15 - 25 g. The vibration isolators made of steel wire rope are practically not affected by the environment, they are made of stainless steel. They effectively operate at temperatures -200°C - +370°C in the presence of oil, dirt, sand, salt fog, etc. They usually have a service life comparable with the service life of the insulated object. Wire rope vibration isolators and combined vibration isolators can be used in all fields of modern technology: shipbuilding, power engineering, automotive, aviation and space industries, etc.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF TENSILE AND FRACTURE PROPERTIES OF CRACKED CARBON STEEL WIRES USING FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazeem K. Adewole ◽  
Steve J. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Finite Element Simulation ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Fracture Properties ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
The Wire

Steel wires are used as a bridge construction material and as pre-stressing strands or tendons in pre-stressed structural units among other applications in civil engineering. To date, the estimation of the load carrying capacity of a cracked wire has been based on purely experimental classical fracture mechanics work conducted with non-standardised classical fracture mechanics specimens as standard test specimens could not be manufactured from the wire owing to their size. In this work, experimental mechanical tests and finite element simulation with the phenomenological shear fracture model has been conducted to investigate the effect of miniature cracks with dimensions less than or equal to 0.2 mm (which is the limit of the current non-destructive detection technology) on the tensile and fracture properties of flat carbon steel wire. The investigation revealed that the reduction in the displacement at fracture of the wire due to the presence of cracks shallower than 0.2 mm is significantly higher than the reduction in the fracture load of the wire. Consequently, the displacement at fracture and by extension the fracture strain capacity of the wire could serve as a more appropriate parameter to assess the quality and the structural integrity of cracked wires.

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