scholarly journals PENGARUH MUTILASI DAN ABLASI TERHADAP MOLTING KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla Serrata) SEBAGAI KEPITING LUNAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Khairiah Khairiah ◽  
Supriyono Eko Wardoyo ◽  
Pasril Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ablation Technique ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
And Control

Effect of Mutilation and Ablation to Molting of Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) as Soft Crab          Soft crabs that are more expensive than regular crab, that having hard carapace, in nature and in culture are very difficult to find. This study aimed to get the soft crabs more easily controlled the number  of molting in culture, by the method of mutilation and ablation. Thus the supply in market will be able to meet existing demand. Four treatment techniques had been implemented namely mutilation, ablation, ablation + mutilation, and controls which each performed four replications. Complete Randomized Desaign (CRD) was used because the experiment was conducted in a fairly homogeneous patch of tambak pond. Experimental unit in the form of bamboo pen cages with the size of 2x1x1m filled with 20 crabs.  All experimental crabs were ready for molting (dark color) even with 40-90 g of varied sizes. The results showed that each week until the third week, the average number of crabs per unit experiment with techniques of mutilation was always having highest of molting number, respectively 1.00, 3.25, and 11.00 crabs and having the lowest mortality rate, respectively  0. 25, 1.75, and 1.25 crabs, compared with the ablation, mutilations + ablation technique, and control. Statistically  four treatments in molting, in week two and  three was significantly different , eventhough in mortality was not (α = 5%).Keywords : mangrove crab (Scilla serrata), soft crabs, mutilation, ablation ABSTRAK                Kepiting lunak yang  harganya lebih mahal dari kepiting biasa bercangkang keras, di alam maupun dalam budidaya sangat susah ditemukan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kepiting lunak yang lebih mudah terkontrol jumlahnya dalam budidaya, dengan metoda mutilasi dan ablasi.  Dengan demikian dalam  pasar ketersediaannya akan dapat memenuhi permintaan yang ada. Empat perlakuan telah dilaksanakan yaitu teknik mutilasi, ablasi, mutilasi+ablasi, dan kontrol dengan masing-masing dilakukan empat kali ulangan. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) digunakan karena percobaan ini dilakukan di suatu petak tambak yang cukup homogen. Unit percobaan berupa keramba bambu tancap ukuran 2x1x1m yang diisi 20 kepiting yang semua kepiting dalam percobaan siap molting (warnanya gelap) meskipun dengan ukuran yang bervariatif 40-90 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tiap minggu sampai pada minggu ke tiga  rata-rata jumlah kepiting per unit percobaan dengan teknik mutilasi selalu tertinggi terjadinya proses molting yaitu masing–masing 1,00; 3,25; dan 11,00 ekor dan mortalitasnya terendah yaitu 0,25; 1,75; dan 1,25 ekor dibanding dengan teknik ablasi, mutilasi+ablasi; dan kontrol.  Secara statistik ke empat perlakuan dalam molting pada minggu ke dua dan ke tiga berbeda nyata hasil terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan mutilasi, meskipun dalam mortalitas tidak  berbeda nyata (selang kepercayaan 95 %).Kata Kunci : Kepiting bakau (Scilla serrata), kepiting lunak, mutilasi, ablasi.

scholarly journals Chinese experience in the management and control of COVID-19 epidemic

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2144-2148
Author(s):  
Dr. Ricardo Silva Rodríguez ◽  
Dr. Lisset Hermida Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Sequence Homology ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
The World ◽  
Shared Information ◽  
And Control

In December 2019, a new epidemic of coronavirus disease appeared (COVID–19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 (formerly 2019-nCoV). The first reported disease cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, resulting in the third zoonotic event related to lethal human coronavirus. Initially, the incubation period is 1-14 days (mean 5-6 days) in most cases but can be as long as 24 days1,2. The most commonly seen characteristics of COVID-19 are fever, cough, tiredness, and abnormal chest computed tomography3,4. So far, bat is thought to be the origin of SARS-CoV-2, based on sequence homology of 96% between SARS-CoV-2 and Bat-CoV-RaTG135,6,7, but more impartial scientific investigations on the origin-tracing of the virus are required to elucidate the issue. Human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs mainly via respiratory droplets1, direct contact1, asymptomatic transmission8,9 , and intrafamilial transmission3,4. At present, there are over 206 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide, with a 4.35 million death toll10. As of 12 August 2021, China had confirmed 94,260 cases with 4636 deaths (mortality rate 5%), and 87,740 recovered cases (93%)11. Other countries, even though they had much more time to prepare for the arrival of the virus, delayed their response and that meant lost control12. While the world is struggling to control COVID-19, China has been a good example of how to control the epidemic, and has shared information with other countries on the management and prevention of the disease. How was that possible?

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK POPULASI DAN TINGKAT PEMANFAATAN KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata Forskal 1775) DI PERAIRAN ASAHAN DAN SEKITARNYA, SUMATERA UTARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Andina Ramadhani Putri Pane ◽  
Ali Suman
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Mangrove Crab

Peningkatan jumlah ekspor kepiting (Scylla serrata Forskal, 1775) di wilayah perairan Asahan memacu peningkatan penangkapan yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap populasi dan kelestarian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik populasi dan tingkat pemanfaatan kepiting bakau di perairan Asahan dan sekitarnya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan setiap bulan dari Januari sampai dengan Nopember 2016 di tempat pendaratan kepiting oleh enumerator. Data dianalisa dengan metode Electronic LEngth Frequency Analisys-I (ELEFAN-I) dari FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II (FiSAT II). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan kepiting bakau bersifat allometrik negatif pada kisaran lebar karapas antara 85 - 175 mm dan bobot tubuh 127 – 1.152,5 gram. Rata-rata ukuran lebar karapas tertangkap dengan jaring dan bubu adalah 118,6 mm dan ukuran matang gonad pertama kali adalah 120,6 mm. Laju pertumbuhan (K) 1,38 per tahun dan lebar karapas maksimum (CW) sebesar 201 mm. Laju kematian total (Z) sebesar 3,59 per tahun, laju kematian karena penangkapan (F) dan laju kematian alami (M) masing-masing 2,27 per tahun dan 1,32 per tahun. Laju pemanfaatan (E) kepiting bakau di perairan Asahan adalah 0,63 per tahun atau sudah melebihi nilai optimum penangkapan. Agar sumber daya kepiting terjamin kelestariannya, maka harus dilakukan pengurangan upaya penangkapan sekitar 26 %.Increase in the volume of giant mud crab exports (Scylla serrata Forskal, 1775) in the Asahan waters stimulate the increasing catches that affect population and sustainability. This study aims to determine the population characteristics and the exploitation level of giant mud crab in Asahan and adjacent waters. Monthly sampling was done from January to November 2016 at crab landing sites by enumerator. The data were analyzed using Electronic Length Frequency Analysys-I (ELEFAN-I) method available in FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II (FiSAT II) program. The results showed that the growth pattern of giant mud crab was negative allometric with carapace width between 85 - 175 mm and individual body weight 127 - 1,152.5 grams. The average carapace’s width caught by net and trap was 118.6 mm and the size of gonad first maturity was 120.6 mm. Growth rate (K) 1.38 per year and maximum carapace width (CW) of 201 mm. Total mortality rate (Z) of 3.59 per year, mortality rate due to fishing (F) and natural mortality rate (M) was 2.27 per year and 1.32 per year respectively. The rate of exploitation (E) of mangrove crab in Asahan waters was 0.63 or has exceeded the optimum value. For the sustainability of crab resource a reduction of 26% in fishing effort is suggested.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

MODEL OF SOCIAL POTENTIAL OF CHILDHOOD IN THE RUSSIAN REGIONS: THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
A.G. Filipova ◽  
A.V. Vysotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Third Wave ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Social Potential ◽  
System Input ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Fixed Ideal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the results of mathematical experiments with the system «Social potential of childhood in the Russian regions». In the structure of system divided into three subsystems – the «Reproduction of children in the region», «Children’s health» and «Education of children», for each defined its target factor (output parameter). The groups of infrastructure factors (education, health, culture and sport, transport), socio-economic, territorial-settlement, demographic and en-vironmental factors are designated as the factors that control the system (input parameters). The aim of the study is to build a model îf «Social potential of childhood in the Russian regions», as well as to conduct experiments to find the optimal ratio of the values of target and control factors. Three waves of experiments were conducted. The first wave is related to the analysis of the dynam-ics of indicators for 6 years. The second – with the selection of optimal values of control factors at fixed ideal values of target factors. The third wave allowed us to calculate the values of the target factors based on the selected optimal values of the control factors of the previous wave.

scholarly journals Mating Disruption of Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) in Fruit Crops

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Carolina Ballesteros ◽  
Alda Romero ◽  
María Colomba Castro ◽  
Sofía Miranda ◽  
Jan Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pseudococcus Calceolariae ◽  
And Control ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Control Tool

Pseudococcus calceolariae, the citrophilous mealybug, is a species of economic importance. Mating disruption (MD) is a potential control tool. During 2017–2020, trials were conducted to evaluate the potential of P. calceolariae MD in an apple and a tangerine orchard. Two pheromone doses, 6.32 g/ha (2017–2018) and 9.45 g/ha (2019–2020), were tested. The intermediate season (2018–2019) was evaluated without pheromone renewal to study the persistence of the pheromone effect. Male captures in pheromone traps, mealybug population/plant, percentage of infested fruit at harvest and mating disruption index (MDI) were recorded regularly. In both orchards, in the first season, male captures were significantly lower in MD plots compared to control plots, with an MDI > 94% in the first month after pheromone deployment. During the second season, significantly lower male captures in MD plots were still observed, with an average MDI of 80%. At the third season, male captures were again significant lower in MD than control plots shortly after pheromone applications. In both orchards, population by visual inspection and infested fruits were very low, without differences between MD and control plots. These results show the potential use of mating disruption for the control of P. calceolariae.

scholarly journals Futures of sustainability: Perspectives on social imaginaries and social transformation. A comment on Frank Adloff and Sighard Neckel’s research program

2021 ◽  
pp. 053901842199956
Author(s):  
Gerard Delanty
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Social Imaginaries ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Control

This essay is a comment on the research program launched by Frank Adloff and Sighard Neckel. My comment is specifically focused on their research agenda as outlined in their trend-setting article, ‘Futures of sustainability as modernization, transformation, and control: A conceptual framework’. The comment is also addressed more generally to the research program of the Humanities Centre for Advanced Studies ‘Futures of Sustainability’. I raise three issues: the first relates to the very idea of the future; the second concerns the notion of social imaginaries and the third question is focused on the idea of social transformation.

Lagenidium infection in eggs and larvae of mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) produced in Indonesia

Mycoscience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyo Nakamura ◽  
Miho Nakamura ◽  
Kishio Hatai ◽  
Zafran
Keyword(s):  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Neonatal Intensive Care

Curationis ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Acres
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Newborn Period ◽  
The Third

THE events of the third trimester of pregnancy labour, delivery and the newborn period undoubtedly influence the whole of one’s life. Old age excluded, the highest mortality rate occurs in the perinatal period.

Introducing Temperature Measurement and Control Techniques to Engineering Undergraduate Students in the Gulf Region

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rodgers ◽  
Arman Molki
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Instrumentation Amplifier ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Linear Temperature ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

Hands-on laboratory skills play a vital role in providing students with a sound understanding of the scientific fundamentals and their application in solving real-life engineering problems. One of the essential laboratory based courses taught at our Institute is Introduction to Measurements and Instrumentation. The design and implementation of such a course has been well documented in Western engineering education, but presents specific challenges in the Gulf region due to economical, social and cultural factors. This paper discusses the adaptation of corresponding Western courses to undergraduate mechanical engineering studies in the Gulf region. Laboratory exercises for temperature measurement and control are described, which consist of four modules, each building upon the other. In each module, students learn how to design an accurate measuring system, and process and interpret collected data. In the first module, the students are required to build a thermocouple reader using an AD620 instrumentation amplifier and to compare measurements with NIST reference tables. The second module is an introduction to LabVIEW, a graphical data acquisition programming language. The students are required to write a LabVIEW program to record multiple thermocouple signals from a heated plate under varying convective cooling conditions, using a high resolution temperature logger with on-board signal conditioning. The third and fourth modules focus on temperature control techniques. In the third laboratory exercise, the students are required to construct an electrical circuit using a low-power PCB relay and NPN bipolar transistor to develop a bang-bang linear temperature controller. The program created in module two is modified to have the heater operation automatically controlled for a fixed temperature set point. In module four, the students replace the bang-bang controller built in the previous lab with a commercially available PID controller and explore the differences between PID and linear temperature control systems. For each module, students are required to submit a formal report covering the theoretical background, the experimental procedure employed, uncertainty analysis, and conclusions and recommendations. An effective teaching strategy is outlined that covers the fundamental concepts of temperature measurement and control through carefully designed experiments, with sample results presented. Emphasis is placed on the tailoring of the course topics to engineering education in the Gulf region.

Outcomes for and Risk Factors Associated With Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcus faecalisand Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcus faeciumBacteremia in Cancer Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1054-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ghanem ◽  
R. Hachem ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
R. F. Chemaly ◽  
I. Raad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Aminoglycoside Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
And Control

Objective.Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are a major cause of nosocomial infection. We sought to compare vancomycin-resistant (VR)Enterococcus faecalisbacteremia and VREnterococcus faeciumbacteremia in cancer patients with respect to risk factors, clinical presentation, microbiological characteristics, antimicrobial therapy, and outcomes.Methods.We identified 210 cancer patients with VRE bacteremia who had been treated between January 1996 and December 2004; 16 of these 210 had VRE. faecalisbacteremia and were matched with 32 patients with VRE. faeciumbacteremia and 32 control patients. A retrospective review of medical records was conducted.Results.Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with VRE. faecalisbacteremia, VRE. faeciumbacteremia was associated with a worse clinical response to therapy (odds ratio [OR], 0.3 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.07-0.98];P= .046) and a higher overall mortality rate (OR, 8.3 [95% CI, 1.9-35.3];P= .004), but the VRE-related mortality rate did not show a statistically significant difference (OR, 6.8 [95% CI, 0.7-61.8];P= .09). Compared with control patients, patients with VRE. faecalisbacteremia were more likely to have received an aminoglycoside in the 30 days before the onset of bacteremia (OR, 5.8 [95% CI, 1.2-27.6];P= .03), whereas patients with VRE. faeciumbacteremia were more likely to have received a carbapenem in the 30 days before the onset of bacteremia (OR, 11.7 [95% CI, 3.6-38.6];P<.001). In a multivariate model that compared patients with VRE. faeciumbacteremia and control patients, predictors of mortality included acute renal failure on presentation (OR, 15.1 [95% CI, 2.3-99.2];P= .004) and VRE. faeciumbacteremia (OR, 11 [95% CI, 2.7-45.1];P<.001). No difference in outcomes was found between patients with VRE. faecalisbacteremia and control patients.Conclusions.VRE. faeciumbacteremia in cancer patients was associated with a poorer outcome than was VRE. faecalisbacteremia. Recent receipt of carbapenem therapy was an independent risk factor for VRE. faeciumbacteremia, and recent receipt of aminoglycoside therapy was independent risk factor forE. faecalisbacteremia.

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