scholarly journals Chinese experience in the management and control of COVID-19 epidemic

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2144-2148
Author(s):  
Dr. Ricardo Silva Rodríguez ◽  
Dr. Lisset Hermida Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Sequence Homology ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
The World ◽  
Shared Information ◽  
And Control

In December 2019, a new epidemic of coronavirus disease appeared (COVID–19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 (formerly 2019-nCoV). The first reported disease cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, resulting in the third zoonotic event related to lethal human coronavirus. Initially, the incubation period is 1-14 days (mean 5-6 days) in most cases but can be as long as 24 days1,2. The most commonly seen characteristics of COVID-19 are fever, cough, tiredness, and abnormal chest computed tomography3,4. So far, bat is thought to be the origin of SARS-CoV-2, based on sequence homology of 96% between SARS-CoV-2 and Bat-CoV-RaTG135,6,7, but more impartial scientific investigations on the origin-tracing of the virus are required to elucidate the issue. Human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs mainly via respiratory droplets1, direct contact1, asymptomatic transmission8,9 , and intrafamilial transmission3,4. At present, there are over 206 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide, with a 4.35 million death toll10. As of 12 August 2021, China had confirmed 94,260 cases with 4636 deaths (mortality rate 5%), and 87,740 recovered cases (93%)11. Other countries, even though they had much more time to prepare for the arrival of the virus, delayed their response and that meant lost control12. While the world is struggling to control COVID-19, China has been a good example of how to control the epidemic, and has shared information with other countries on the management and prevention of the disease. How was that possible?

scholarly journals PENGARUH MUTILASI DAN ABLASI TERHADAP MOLTING KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla Serrata) SEBAGAI KEPITING LUNAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Khairiah Khairiah ◽  
Supriyono Eko Wardoyo ◽  
Pasril Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ablation Technique ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
And Control

Effect of Mutilation and Ablation to Molting of Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) as Soft Crab          Soft crabs that are more expensive than regular crab, that having hard carapace, in nature and in culture are very difficult to find. This study aimed to get the soft crabs more easily controlled the number  of molting in culture, by the method of mutilation and ablation. Thus the supply in market will be able to meet existing demand. Four treatment techniques had been implemented namely mutilation, ablation, ablation + mutilation, and controls which each performed four replications. Complete Randomized Desaign (CRD) was used because the experiment was conducted in a fairly homogeneous patch of tambak pond. Experimental unit in the form of bamboo pen cages with the size of 2x1x1m filled with 20 crabs.  All experimental crabs were ready for molting (dark color) even with 40-90 g of varied sizes. The results showed that each week until the third week, the average number of crabs per unit experiment with techniques of mutilation was always having highest of molting number, respectively 1.00, 3.25, and 11.00 crabs and having the lowest mortality rate, respectively  0. 25, 1.75, and 1.25 crabs, compared with the ablation, mutilations + ablation technique, and control. Statistically  four treatments in molting, in week two and  three was significantly different , eventhough in mortality was not (α = 5%).Keywords : mangrove crab (Scilla serrata), soft crabs, mutilation, ablation ABSTRAK                Kepiting lunak yang  harganya lebih mahal dari kepiting biasa bercangkang keras, di alam maupun dalam budidaya sangat susah ditemukan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kepiting lunak yang lebih mudah terkontrol jumlahnya dalam budidaya, dengan metoda mutilasi dan ablasi.  Dengan demikian dalam  pasar ketersediaannya akan dapat memenuhi permintaan yang ada. Empat perlakuan telah dilaksanakan yaitu teknik mutilasi, ablasi, mutilasi+ablasi, dan kontrol dengan masing-masing dilakukan empat kali ulangan. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) digunakan karena percobaan ini dilakukan di suatu petak tambak yang cukup homogen. Unit percobaan berupa keramba bambu tancap ukuran 2x1x1m yang diisi 20 kepiting yang semua kepiting dalam percobaan siap molting (warnanya gelap) meskipun dengan ukuran yang bervariatif 40-90 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tiap minggu sampai pada minggu ke tiga  rata-rata jumlah kepiting per unit percobaan dengan teknik mutilasi selalu tertinggi terjadinya proses molting yaitu masing–masing 1,00; 3,25; dan 11,00 ekor dan mortalitasnya terendah yaitu 0,25; 1,75; dan 1,25 ekor dibanding dengan teknik ablasi, mutilasi+ablasi; dan kontrol.  Secara statistik ke empat perlakuan dalam molting pada minggu ke dua dan ke tiga berbeda nyata hasil terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan mutilasi, meskipun dalam mortalitas tidak  berbeda nyata (selang kepercayaan 95 %).Kata Kunci : Kepiting bakau (Scilla serrata), kepiting lunak, mutilasi, ablasi.

scholarly journals Pendampingan Penyusunan Reschedule Lifestyle Pasien Hipertensi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Windu Santoso ◽  
Sri Sudarsih
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Graduate Nurses ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
New Graduates ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Preparation Stage ◽  
Service Activity

ABSTRAKHipertensi merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia setiap tahun. Tingginya angka kematian penderita hipertensi di Indonesia merupakan pertanda bahwa masyarakat masih belum memahami pentingnya kepatuhan dalam melakukan pengobatan dan perubahan gaya hidup (life style). Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah sebagai upaya mempersiapkan ners fresh graduate yang merupakan tenaga kesehatan sehingga mampu mendampingi pasien hipertensi dalam merencanakan perubahan gaya hidup menjadi lebih sehat. Kegiatan pendampingan untuk ners fresh graduate dilaksanakan melalui Whatsaap dan google meet. Tahap persiapan berkoordinasi dengan 2 orang ners fresh graduate dan menentukan siapa yang akan menjadi peserta kegiatan. Tahapan pelaksanaan adalah menyusun skenario reschedule lifestyle card dan memberikan pendampingan dalam penyusunan reschedule lifestyle. Hari pertama hingga hari ketiga tim memberikan pendampingan, peserta mengidentifikasi gaya hidup penderita hipertensi dalam 1 minggu terakhir dan berdasarkan hasil identifikasi mengembangkan pola hidup yang lebih sehat. Melalui kegiatan pendampingan ini didapatkan hasil kemampuan ners fresh graduate dalam penyusunan reschedule lifestyle pasien hipertensi meningkat. Kata Kunci :  hipertensi; reschedule; lifestyle  ABSTRACTHypertension is the number one cause of death in the world every year. The high mortality rate for hypertension sufferers in Indonesia is a sign that society still does not understand the essence of taking medication and changing lifestyle. The purpose of this service activity is to prepare new graduates who are health workers so that they can assist hypertensive patients in planning lifestyle changes to be healthier. Mentoring activities for new graduates are carried out through Whatsaap and google meet. The preparation stage coordinates with 2 new graduates and determines who will be participants in the activity. The stages of implementation are compiling a lifestyle card rescheduling scenario and assisting in preparing a lifestyle to reschedule. From the first day to the third day the team assisted, participants who lived the lifestyle of hypertensive sufferers within 1 week and based on the results of the examination developed a healthier lifestyle. Through this mentoring activity, the results of the ability of fresh graduate nurses in preparing hypertension patient lifestyle rescheduling have increased  Keywords:  hypertension; reschedule; lifestyle

scholarly journals Outbreak, intensity of infestation and control of two new Eriophyids, Aceria oleae and Ahevtchenkella barensis, on olive nursery plants in Montenegro

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
Snjezana Hrncic ◽  
Tatjana Perovic ◽  
Sanja Radonjic ◽  
Radmila Petanovic ◽  
Biljana Vidovic
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Eriophyoid Mites ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
The World ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Town ◽  
A New Species

Only two species of eriophyoid mites, Ditrimacus athiasella Keifer and Oxycenus maxwelli (Keifer), have been registered in Montenegro until recently. Late in April 2007, chlorotic spots and deformations were found on apical leaves of one-year old seedlings of the zutica variety in a greenhouse in the town of Bar. Two species of eriophyoid mites were identified from the collected material, Aceria oleae, a widely distributed species in Mediterranean countries, and Shevtchenkela barensis, described as a new species in the world acarofauna. The intensity of infestation was calculated from all visually examined seedlings (2,560), as well as the percentage of seedlings with observed symptoms. Applying the method of periodic sampling, 50 seedlings (2 % of the total number) were chosen. The intensity of injury was estimated on the new growth. Of the total number of examined seedlings, obvious symptoms were detected on 61.45% of the plants. Of the 50 chosen seedlings, 56 % had all of their young leaflets injuried. Mite control was applied three times. After the third treatment, new leaves without symptoms emerged, while untreated seedlings stopped to grow, their injuried leaves fell off and the seedlings ultimately dried out completely.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON THE FIFTH PANDEMIC: CORONAVIRUS

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
KAUR NAVDEEP ◽  
KAUR SIMRANPREET ◽  
KAUR MANJINDER
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Control

Since the 1918 flu pandemic, the novel human coronavirus outbreak COVID-19 has been the fifth known pandemic. COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China, and later spread across the world. It is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) extreme acute respiratory syndrome virus. The patients exhibit flu-like symptoms, including dry cough, sore throat, high fever, and trouble in breathing. Despite too much affords, there is no appropriate treatment or medication which is a successful COVID-19 therapy. A variety of candidate drugs are being used for the treatment and reviewed. This involves clinically accessible medications that are being repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19, such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir. This review describes the different aspects of corona such as history, origin and spread, its types, life cycle, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and precautions. This review makes us understand what type of virus is this and how we can take precautions to protect us from this life-threatening virus. There is an immediate need to prepare our young generation to fight against any such catastrophe in the future, if any, of science and technology. There is no reason to worry and to fight this epidemic, careful prevention and control are necessary. This article can help to create public awareness, knowledge, avoiding, handling, and treating COVID-19.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccines, What do we know so Far? A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cima Hamieh, MD ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
New Vaccines

For more than a year, the world was paralyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic. It wasn’t until the last few months that hope to a return of a quasi-normal way of living was starting to materialize. The era of the COVID-19 vaccines begun, and with it all sorts of concerns and complaints about their safety and efficacy. Large numbers of people believed the conspiracy theories about the new vaccines thus becoming reluctant and sometimes refused to take the new vaccines. Others justified their concern with the relatively short trial periods compared to previous vaccines that used to take years before adoption. Multiple vaccines emerged around the same time, and thus the fight to conquer the market began. Pfizer-BioNTech, Vaxzervria, Moderna, Sputnik, Coronavac, Janssen, all were rapidly distributed to countries around the globe, in order to reduce the mortality rate and control the pandemic. To make things worse, new viral mutations started being detected and thus shed more doubt on the efficacy of these vaccines. This review article summarizes the literature of these vaccines’ pathophysiology, mechanism of action, dosing and schedule, safety profile and lastly the documented side effects of each vaccine. In conclusion, there is no certainty whether these vaccines will prevent infection and more importantly protect against forward transmission. It is sure that the immunity persists for several months, but the exact duration for every vaccine is yet to be determined. For the time being, safety precautions must still be continued; wearing masks, social distancing and avoiding crowded places must be applied.

scholarly journals The incubation period of 2019-nCoV from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Lauer ◽  
Kyra H. Grantz ◽  
Qifang Bi ◽  
Forrest K. Jones ◽  
Qulu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Limited Support ◽  
Exposure Windows ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiologic Features ◽  
Underlying Risk ◽  
Do So

AbstractA novel human coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified in China in December, 2019. There is limited support for many of its key epidemiologic features, including the incubation period, which has important implications for surveillance and control activities. Here, we use data from public reports of 101 confirmed cases in 38 provinces, regions, and countries outside of Wuhan (Hubei province, China) with identifiable exposure windows and known dates of symptom onset to estimate the incubation period of 2019-nCoV. We estimate the median incubation period of 2019-nCoV to be 5.2 days (95% CI: 4.4, 6.0), and 97.5% of those who develop symptoms will do so within 10.5 days (95% CI: 7.3, 15.3) of infection. These estimates imply that, under conservative assumptions, 64 out of every 10,000 cases will develop symptoms after 14 days of active monitoring or quarantine. Whether this risk is acceptable depends on the underlying risk of infection and consequences of missed cases. The estimates presented here can be used to inform policy in multiple contexts based on these judgments.

Invasive Shot Hole Borers Euwallacea fornicatus, E. kuroshio, and E. perbrevis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Demian F. Gomez ◽  
Jiri Hulcr ◽  
Daniel Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Invasive species, those that are nonnative and cause economic damage, are one of the main threats to ecosystems around the world. Ambrosia beetles are some of the most common invasive insects. Currently, severe economic impacts have been increasingly reported for all the invasive shot hole borers in South Africa, California, Israel, and throughout Asia. This 7-page fact sheet written by Demian F. Gomez, Jiri Hulcr, and Daniel Carrillo and published by the School of Forest Resources and Conservation describes shot hole borers and their biology and hosts and lists some strategies for prevention and control of these pests. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr422

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Overcoming “The Third Way” Concept

2006 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear

“The Third Way” concept is still widespread all over the world. Growing socio-economic uncertainty makes the authors revise the concept. In the course of discussion with other authors they introduce a synergetic vision of the problem. That means in the first place changing a linear approach to the economic research for a non-linear one.

Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.

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