scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Konsentrasi Larutan Alkali Terhadap Perubahan Diameter Serat Sabut Kelapa

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arsyad ◽  
Abdul Salam
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Alkali Solution ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Naoh Solution

Abstract—The goals of this study was to determine the effect of alkali concentration in the soaking coconut coir fiber (S2K) to changes in coconut fiber diameter. Stages of implementation of the study are (1) the measurement of the diameter of S2K before soaking, (2) immersion S2K in an alkali solution (NaOH) at a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% for 3 and 5 hours, ( 3) after being soaked, S2K removed and rinsed with distilled water, (4) was dried in a room temperature of 30±2°C for 5 days, (5) the measurement of the diameter of S2K after soaking with digital microscope. Based on the results of tests performed concluded that (1) immersion in an alkali solution resulted in a reduction of the diameter of S2K, (2) on soaking 5 hours at a concentration of 15% NaOH solution obtained reduction diameter S2K largest percentage of 56.08%. Keywords: natural fibers, the concentration of alkali, wettability.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Pembuatan Prototype Package Tray Biokomposit Serat Tebu- Polypropylene untuk Kebutuhan Interior Mobil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Patrik Permana Putra Wijaya ◽  
Juliana Anggono
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Strong Material

Natural fibers used in the fabrication of biocomposite product can support the need of the industries for lightweight yet strong material. Sugarcane bagasse is one of the available natural fibers in Indonesia. There have been some research done on these bagasse fibers as reinforcement materials for plastics and their incorporation to the matrix has improved its strength. This research aimed to evaluate the fabrication of a car package tray prototype. The composition and the bagasse were prepared in accordance with the previous research in which the bagasse were alkali treated using NaOH solution of 8 wt% for one hour at room temperature. The hotpressed prototype was evaluated by its physical outlook and the mechanical property of its preform. The flexural test shows a low flexural strength of the prototype (7.4 MPa) compared to the required strength of the current material (woodboard) used by the industry (35.58 MPa). The evaluation shows the clustering of bagasse fibers, uneven distribution of sugarcane/PP in the structure and low adhesion at the interfacial region between bagasse fibers and PP.

scholarly journals Effect of Alkali Concentration on the Activation of Carbonate-High Illite Clay

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela D’Elia ◽  
Daniela Pinto ◽  
Giacomo Eramo ◽  
Rocco Laviano ◽  
Angel Palomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Activating Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present study explores the effect of activating solution concentration (4, 6 and 8 M NaOH) on mechanically and thermally pre-treated carbonate-high illite clay (LCR). Pastes were prepared with an alkaline solution/clay (S/B) ratio of 0.55, which were cured at room temperature and relative humidity > 90% in a climatic chamber. At two and 28 days, compressive mechanical strength was determined, and the reaction products were characterised by X-ray Powder Diffraction analysis (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). Results obtained showed that the presence of reactive calcium in the starting clay induces co-precipitation of a mix of gels: An aluminium-enriched C-S-H gel (C-A-S-H) and a N-A-S-H gel, in which sodium is partially replaced by calcium (N,C)-A-S-H. Pastes prepared with higher (6 or 8 M) activator concentrations exhibit a more compact matrix than the ones prepared with 4 M NaOH. The findings show that the use of a 6 M NaOH solution yields a binder with two days compressive strength >20 MPa and 28 days strength of over 30 MPa.

scholarly journals Serat Pelepah Sagu Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Serat Sintesis Fiberglass

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Budiawan Sulaeman ◽  
Rakhmawati Natsir
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Matrix Volume ◽  
Naoh Solution

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh ukuran besar diameter serat pelepah sagu terhadap sifat mekanik kekuatan tarik, menganalisis sifat mekanik tarik material komposit yang diperkuat serat pelepah sagu.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian; (1). Larutan NAoH berpengaruh terhadap kuat Tarik specimen, hal ini ditunjukkan pada 2,5% (NAoH terhadap H2O). Nilai kekuatan tariknya 49,486 N/mm2. (2). Serat pelepah sagu kuat tariknya jauh dibawah serat gelas. (48,435 N/mm2< 323 N/mm2). Hal ini disebabkan rongga yang terdapat di serat sintesis lebih rapat dibanding serat alami. (3). Berdasarkan variabel yang diteliti, kekuatan tarik (Ftu) dengan nilai tertinggi terjadi pada komposit (volume 85% matriks : 15% serat) yaitu sebesar 3,12 beban 11824 N. (4). Kekuatan tarik mengalami kenaikan terhadap peningkatan komposisi volume serat. (5). Spesimen uji yang mengalami regangan dan patah pada titik load yaitu pada komposisi volume 85% matriks : 15% serat sebesar 3,12 MPa dengan regangan sebesar 8% dan modulus young yang terjadi sebesar 38,615  MPa.The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the size of the sago frond fiber diameter on the mechanical properties of the tensile strength, to analyze the tensile mechanical properties of the composite material reinforced by sago frond fibers. Based on research results; (1) NaOH solution affects the tensile strength of the specimen. This is shown at 2.5% (NaOH to H2O), the tensile strength value is 49.486 N/mm2. (2) Sago frond fiber has a tensile strength far below the glass fiber (48,435 N/mm2 <323 N/mm2). This is because the cavities in synthetic fibers are denser than natural fibers. (3) Based on the variables studied, the tensile strength (Ftu) with the highest value occurs in the composite (85% matrix volume: 15% fiber), which is 3.12 load 11824 N. (4) Tensile strength increases with the increase in fiber volume composition. (5) The test specimens that experienced a strain and fracture at the load point, namely the composition of volume 85% matrix: 15% fiber was 3.12 MPa with a strain of 8% and the modulus young that occurred was 38.615 MPa.

Properties of Arabinoxylans from Wheat Bran, Shorts and Flour

2011 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Ling Zheng ◽  
Li Min Li ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Cellulosic Sugars ◽  
Heating Treatment ◽  
Naoh Solution

Arabinoxylans were prepared from bran, shorts and flour, three wheat milling fractions. The yields of bran arabinoxylan (WBAX), shorts arabinoxylan ( WSAX) and flour arabinoxylan ( WFAX) were 8.99%, 7.28% and 1.12% respectively. Sugar composition analysis showed that WFAX contained less non-cellulosic sugars ( 75.56%) compared with WFAX and WSAX. WBAX had the lowest Ara/Xyl ratio compared with WSAX and WFAX. HPSEC analysis showed that WFAX had higher molecular weight compared with WBAX and WSAX, and WBAX had the lowest molecular weight. WBAX, WSAX and WFAX in water solution had higher molecular weight than in 0.5mol/L NaOH and 1.0mol/L NaOH. In 1.0 mol/L NaOH solution, arabinoxylans had the lowest molecular weight compared that in 0.5 mol/L NaOH and distilled water. From the recovery of WBAX, WSAX and WFAX in different solvents, it showed that 1.0N NaOH had good dissolved effect for arabinoxylans, and water heating treatment ( 80°C 2hr, then stirring overnight at room temperature) had poor dissolved properties compared with 0.5 mol/L NaOH and 1.0 mol/L NaOH ( 25°C,2hr)

scholarly journals PROCESSING OF ZAGLIK ALUNITE ORE BY HEAP AND TANK LEACHING

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
A.A. Heydarov ◽  
◽  
Ch.M. Kashkai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Alkali Solution ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Leaching ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
First Time

The present work is continuation of our investigations on heap leaching, suggested for the first time. Various variants of alkaline leaching of alunite from alunite ore without preliminary roasting have been studied. In present work the parameters of heap and tank alkaline leaching of alunite ore have been determined. The proposed methods can also be used to extract aluminum from poor alunite rocks. At alunite was washed 17 times with 3% NaOH solution, the degree of weight loss was 30.65%, while with 14 times washing with 10% alkali solution, the weight loss was 47.82 %. The results obtained are also typical for percolation leaching. An increase in alkali concentration and temperature intensifies the leaching process. At a ratio of solid and liquid phases of 1:5, a stirring speed of – 700 cycles/min, and an alkali concentration of 110.9 g/l, at 800C within 60 minutes’ alunite dissolves up to 96% and goes into solution with accompanying components

Effect of Soaking Time in Alkali Solution on the Interfacial Shear Strength of Cantala Fiber/Recycled HDPE Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisnu R. Wijang ◽  
Heru Sukanto ◽  
Miftahul Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Interfacial Shear Strength ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Interfacial Shear ◽  
Alkali Solution ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Naoh Solution

The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between natural fibers and thermoplastics matrix is one of the key parameters to increase the mechanical properties of composites. IFSS can be improved by alkali treatment. Therefore, the research is to investigate the influence of IFSS soaking time in alkali solution of cantala fiber/Recycled High Density Polyethylene (RHDPE) composites. Experimentally, cantala fiber/RHDPE composites were manufactured by simple hot press machine. Alkali treatment on the surface of cantala fibers was carried out on 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution for a period time, i.e., 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours. The IFSS value of composites was observed using single fiber pullout test method. The result shows that the increase of soaking time in alkali solution could improve IFSS of cantala fiber/RHDPE composites by 43%.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Complex Polyelectrolyte Membrane of Chitosan-Pectin Crosslinked as Bioadsorbent

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Friska Septiani Silitonga
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Membrane ◽  
Medium Acidity

Biopolymers are polymers fabricated from natural polymers which are biodegradable, non-toxic and renewable. This research was aimed to synthesize and characterize biopolymer made from chitosan and pectin and was made to be a membrane cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and then characterized. The chitosan-pectin crosslinked glutaraldehyde polyelectrolite complex (PEC) and membrane can be used as a bioadsorbent for metal and cationic dyes. Firstly, PEC membrane chitosan-pectin crosslinked glutaraldehyde was synthesized by dissolving chitosan in acetic acid and pectin in distilled water and added with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinked agent, then heated at 70 °C. The amount of 1M NaOH solution was added for 12 hours and then cleaned with distilled water and dried at room temperature. Subsequently, the membrane was characterized with FTIR spectrophotometer, medium acidity test, and water uptake. The results of the characterization of PEC mebmbrane chitosan-pectin crosslinked glutaraldehyde with FTIR showed the interaction between –NH3+ of chitosan with –COO- group of pectin at a wavelength of 1604.77 cm-1. The medium acidity test showed that the PEC membrane chitosan-pectin crosslinked with glutaraldehyde was stable at pH 3-9 with water absorption of 266.67%, with the composition of chitosan-pectine membrane of 70:30 with 30% glutaraldehyde

Scanning Electron Microscopy-cuticular Lesions on the Roundworm Ascaris Suum

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
P. A. Madden ◽  
W. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Silver Paint ◽  
To Come ◽  
Scanning Electron

The intestinal roundworm of swine is pinkish in color and about the diameter of a lead pencil. Adult worms, taken from parasitized swine, frequently were observed with macroscopic lesions on their cuticule. Those possessing such lesions were rinsed in distilled water, and cylindrical segments of the affected areas were removed. Some of the segments were fixed in buffered formalin before freeze-drying; others were freeze-dried immediately. Initially, specimens were quenched in liquid freon followed by immersion in liquid nitrogen. They were then placed in ampuoles in a freezer at −45C and sublimated by vacuum until dry. After the specimens appeared dry, the freezer was allowed to come to room temperature slowly while the vacuum was maintained. The dried specimens were attached to metal pegs with conductive silver paint and placed in a vacuum evaporator on a rotating tilting stage. They were then coated by evaporating an alloy of 20% palladium and 80% gold to a thickness of approximately 300 A°. The specimens were examined by secondary electron emmission in a scanning electron microscope.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Mortars Reinforced with Amazon Rainforest Natural Fibers

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Régis Pamponet da Fonseca ◽  
Janaíde Cavalcante Rocha ◽  
Malik Cheriaf
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Composite Binder ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Reference Samples

The addition of natural fibers used as reinforcement has great appeal in the construction materials industry since natural fibers are cheaper, biodegradable, and easily available. In this work, we analyzed the feasibility of using the fibers of piassava, tucum palm, razor grass, and jute from the Amazon rainforest as reinforcement in mortars, exploiting the mechanical properties of compressive and flexural strength of samples with 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5% mass addition of the composite binder (50% Portland cement + 40% metakaolin + 10% fly ash). The mortars were reinforced with untreated (natural) and treated (hot water treatment, hornification, 8% NaOH solution, and hybridization) fibers, submitted to two types of curing (submerged in water, and inflated with CO2 in a pressurized autoclave) for 28 days. Mortars without fibers were used as a reference. For the durability study, the samples were submitted to 20 drying/wetting cycles. The fibers improved the flexural strength of the mortars and prevented the abrupt rupture of the samples, in contrast to the fragile behavior of the reference samples. The autoclave cure increased the compressive strength of the piassava and tucum palm samples with 4.5% of fibers.

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