Effects of clinical Pilates exercises on cardiovascular endurance and psychosomatic parameters on primary caregivers of special needs children: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yazgi Senturk ◽  
Berkiye Kirmizigil ◽  
Emine Handan Tuzun
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Special Needs Children ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
P Values ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Emotional Social Support

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the effects of clinical Pilates exercises (CPE), applied to the primary caregivers of special needs children, on cardiovascular endurance (CVE) and psychosomatic parameters in comparison to a control group. METHODS: Fifty-five primary caregivers of special needs children, divided into two groups as the CPE and control groups, were included in the study. The six-minute walk test, the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Coping Orientation for Problems Experienced (COPE) Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to measure CVE, fatigue severity, attitudes toward coping with problems, depression levels and anxiety levels, respectively. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between the groups in favor of the CPE group were found concerning the denial parameter of COPE, fatigue (which was the primary outcome), depression and anxiety (all p values < 0.05). Statistically significant intragroup comparison differences were only detected in the CPE group in the fatigue, depression, anxiety and COPE (use of instrumental and emotional social support and focus on and venting of emotions) questionnaire results (all p values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: CPE are an applicable and effective method for the primary caregivers of special needs children in improving psychosomatic parameters, albeit not effective for CVE. It is recommended to investigate the long-term effects of Pilates exercises on a similar group.

scholarly journals Rosiglitazone Decreases Serum Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Postmenopausal Diabetic Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 3523-3530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Berberoglu ◽  
Alptekin Gursoy ◽  
Nilufer Bayraktar ◽  
Ayse Canan Yazici ◽  
Neslihan Bascil Tutuncu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Rosiglitazone Treatment

Abstract Objectives: Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of rosiglitazone on bone metabolism and to assess the association between changes in bone turnover parameters and plasma cytokine levels in postmenopausal diabetic women. Design: This was a 12-wk open-label randomized-controlled trial. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 56 obese postmenopausal women with newly diagnosed diabetes and 26 nondiabetic healthy controls matched for age and body mass index were included in the study. Interventions: The subjects were instructed to follow a weight-maintenance diet. Half were randomly assigned to receive rosiglitazone 4 mg/d, and the other half remained on diet alone. Main Outcome Measures: Before and after the interventions, metabolic bone markers and serum cytokine levels were assessed. Results: Serum total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone-specific ALP levels were statistically significantly lower 12 wk after initiation of rosiglitazone treatment. There were no statistically significant changes in osteocalcin levels among the three groups or in deoxypyridinoline levels in the rosiglitazone group. At the end of 12 wk, all patients had statistically significantly decreased IL-1β and TNF-α levels compared with baseline. Changes in bone-specific ALP levels showed a moderate negative correlation with the changes in the TNF-α levels after rosiglitazone treatment and after diet in the diabetic control group. Conclusions: Rosiglitazone use is associated with reduced bone formation at earlier stages in postmenopausal diabetic women. The cytokine-lowering effects of rosiglitazone and lifestyle changes could reverse the early inhibitory effect of rosiglitazone therapy on bone formation. Further studies will clarify the long-term effects of rosiglitazone therapy on bone loss and fracture.

scholarly journals Effect of counselling during pulmonary rehabilitation on self-determined motivation to be physically active for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pragmatic RCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Kathrin Rausch Osthoff ◽  
Swantje Beyer ◽  
David Gisi ◽  
Spencer Rezek ◽  
Ariane Schwank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract Background Counselling is considered to be a promising approach to increasing physical activity (PA) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the current study was to investigate whether a PA counselling program for people with COPD, when embedded in a comprehensive outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program, increased their daily PA. Methods A two-armed, single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted as a component of a 12-week outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. The participants randomized into the intervention group received five counselling sessions, based on the principles of motivational interviewing (MI), with a physiotherapist. The participants’ steps per day and other proxies of PA were measured using an accelerometer (SenseWear Pro®) at baseline, at the end of the PR program, and three months later. The group-by-time interaction effect was analyzed. Results Of the 43 participants,17 were allocated to the intervention group and 26 to the usual-care control group (mean age 67.9 ± 7.9; 21 (49%) males; mean FEV1 predicted 47.1 ± 18.6). No difference between groups was found for any measure of PA at any point in time. Conclusions In this study, counselling, based on MI, when embedded in a comprehensive PR program for people with COPD, showed no short-term or long-term effects on PA behavior. To investigate this potentially effective counselling intervention and to analyze the best method, timing and tailoring of an intervention embedded in a comprehensive outpatient PR program, further adequately powered research is needed. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov NCT02455206 (05/21/2015), Swiss National Trails Portal SNCTP000001426 (05/21/2015).

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Financial Incentives for General Practitioners on Quality Indicators in the Treatment of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care—A Follow-Up Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Parallel Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel Meier ◽  
Corinne Chmiel ◽  
Fabio Valeri ◽  
Leander Muheim ◽  
Oliver Senn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: The effect of financial incentives on the quality of primary care is of high interest, and so is its sustainability after financial incentives are withdrawn.Objective: To assess both long-term effects and sustainability of financial incentives for general practitioners (GPs) in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus based on quality indicators (QIs) calculated from routine data from electronic medical records.Design/Participants: Randomized controlled trial using routine data from electronic medical records of patients with diabetes mellitus of Swiss GPs.Intervention: During the study period of 24 months, all GPs received bimonthly feedback reports with information on their actual treatment as reflected in QIs. In the intervention group, the reports were combined with financial incentives for quality improvement. The incentive was stopped after 12 months.Measurements: Proportion of patients meeting the process QI of annual HbA1c measurements and the clinical QI of blood pressure levels below 140/85 mmHg.Results: A total of 71 GPs from 43 different practices were included along with 3,854 of their patients with diabetes mellitus. Throughout the study, the proportion of patients with annual HbA1c measurements was stable in the intervention group (78.8–78.9%) and decreased slightly in the control group (81.5–80.2%) [odds ratio (OR): 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04–1.42, p &lt; 0.05]. The proportion of patients achieving blood pressure levels below 140/85 mmHg decreased in the control group (51.2–47.2%) and increased in the intervention group (49.7–51.9%) (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.04–1.35, p &lt; 0.05) where it peaked at 54.9% after 18 months and decreased steadily over the last 6 months.Conclusion: After the withdrawal of financial incentives for the GPs after 12 months, some QIs still improved, indicating that 1 year might be too short to observe the full effect of such interventions. The decrease in QI achievement rates after 18 months suggests that the positive effects of time-limited financial incentives eventually wane.

scholarly journals Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation on Physical Fitness in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Alvaro Pano-Rodriguez ◽  
Jose Vicente Beltran-Garrido ◽  
Vicenç Hernandez-Gonzalez ◽  
Joaquín Reverter-Masia
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
The Impact

Whole-body electromyostiulation (WB-EMS) has experienced a boom in recent years, even though its effectiveness is controversial. A sedentary lifestyle is deeply rooted in the European population, mainly in the elderly. This experimental study analyzed the impact of WB-EMS on the physical fitness of postmenopausal women. Thirty-four healthy sedentary women between 55 and 69 years followed an experimental design pre–post-test. Both groups conducted a ten-week aerobic and strength training program. The experimental group overlaid the WB-EMS during exercise. At the end of the intervention, both groups improved upper and lower body strength, lower extremity flexibility, agility, and speed levels (pBonferroni < 0.05). Significant interactions were observed at upper and lower body strength, agility, speed, and cardiovascular endurance (p < 0.05). The WB-EMS group scored better agility than the control group at the end of the intervention (pBonferroni < 0.05) and was the only group that improved cardiovascular endurance. WB-EMS shows a favorable isolate effect on the development of dynamic leg strength, agility, and cardiovascular endurance but did not in dynamic arm strength, gait speed, balance, or flexibility of postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Cupping Therapy on Relieving Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Mei Chi ◽  
Li-Mei Lin ◽  
Chien-Lin Chen ◽  
Shu-Fang Wang ◽  
Hui-Ling Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Cupping Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Neck And Shoulder Pain

The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cupping therapy (CT) in changes on skin surface temperature (SST) for relieving chronic neck and shoulder pain (NSP) among community residents. A single-blind experimental design constituted of sixty subjects with self-perceived NSP. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. The cupping group received CT at SI 15, GB 21, and LI 15 acupuncture points, and the control group received no intervention. Pain was assessed using the SST, visual analog scale (VAS), and blood pressure (BP). The main results were SST of GB 21 acupuncture point raised from 30.6°C to 32.7°C and from 30.7°C to 30.6°C in the control group. Neck pain intensity (NPI) severity scores were reduced from 9.7 to 3.6 in the cupping group and from 9.7 to 9.5 in the control group. The SST and NPI differences between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). One treatment of CT is shown to increase SST. In conjunction with the physiological effect the subjective experience of NSP is reduced in intensity. Further studies are required to improve the understanding and potential long-term effects of CT.

Long Term Effects of Behavioural Interventions to Increase Exercise Among Breast Cancer Patients After Medical Rehabilitation: secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Anne-Kathrin Exner ◽  
Heike Kähnert ◽  
Odile Sauzet ◽  
Birgit Leibbrand ◽  
Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Purpose Physical activity (PA) as secondary prevention for breast cancer patients has many positive effects. To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention involving behavioural and volitional strategies to increase exercise. Materials and Methods The study designed as a randomized controlled trail with 2 follow-up (6 and 12 months after rehabilitation). 1,143 participants were randomized to one of the 4 study groups. Group differences were analysed by multi-level-models. Results After rehab, patients with the combined modules, aftercare-planning (AP) and telephone-support (TS), did exercise 69 min per week (95% CI: 42.85; 94.90) more than the control group. Inactive patients at the beginning of the rehabilitation benefit from the combined intervention. The phone-based intervention alone did not show any effect. Discussion and Conclusion Rehab with the AP module combined with the TS module is associated with patients undertaking more PA.

Psychoeducational Intervention for Patients With Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Replication Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen H. Boesen ◽  
Lone Ross ◽  
Kirsten Frederiksen ◽  
Birthe L. Thomsen ◽  
Karin Dahlstrøm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Problem Solving Skills

Purpose In 1993, a randomized intervention study among patients with malignant melanoma showed a significant decrease in psychological distress and increased coping capacity 6 months after the intervention and enhanced survival 6 years later. We applied a similar intervention with a few modifications in a randomized controlled trial among Danish patients with malignant melanoma and evaluated results on immediate and long-term effects on psychological distress and coping capacity. Patients and Methods A total of 262 patients with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma were randomly assigned to the control or intervention group. Patients in the intervention group were offered six weekly sessions of 2 hours of psychoeducation, consisting of health education, enhancement of problem-solving skills, stress management, and psychological support. The participants were assessed at baseline before random assignment and 6 and 12 months after surgery. The analyses of the main effects of the intervention were based on analyses of covariance. Results The patients in the intervention group showed significantly less fatigue, greater vigor, and lower total mood disturbance compared with the controls, and they used significantly more active-behavioral and active-cognitive coping than the patients in the control group. The improvements were only significant at first follow-up. Conclusion The findings of this study support the results of an earlier intervention study among patients with malignant melanoma and indicate that a psychoeducational group intervention for such patients can decrease psychological distress and enhance effective coping. However, this effect is short term and the clinical relevance is not obvious.

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Periocular Massage for Ocular Blood Flow and Vision: a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Hayashi, PhD ◽  
Lanfei Du, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: The ocular blood flow (OBF) is responsible for supplying nutrition to the retina, which plays a fundamental role in visual function. Massage is expected to improve the blood flow and, consequently, vascular function. The aim of this study was to determine the shortterm and long-term effects of periocular massage on OBF and visual acuity. Methods: The OBF and visual acuity were measured in 40 healthy adults aged 20–30 years before and after massage, and also in control subjects. Three massage methods were used: applying periocular acupressure (“Chinese eye exercise”: CE), using a facial massage roller (MR), and using an automated eye massager (AM). The OBF and visual acuity were first measured before and after applying each type of massage for 5 min. Eye massage was then applied for 5 min once daily over a 60-day period, while the control group received no massage. The same measurements were then performed again. Results: Performing short-term periocular massage showed significant interactions in time and massage effects on visual acuity in CE and AM groups, and on OBF in AM group, while 60-day massage period exerted no significant effects. No significant relationship was found between OBF and visual acuity changes. Conclusions: These results suggest that short-term periocular massage with Chinese eye exercise and automated eye massager can improve OBF and visual acuity, although no causal relationship was supported.

scholarly journals Sustained Benefit of Alternate Behavioral Interventions to Improve Hypertension Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1867-1876
Author(s):  
Maria Antonia Rodriguez ◽  
Binhuan Wang ◽  
Sangmin Hyoung ◽  
Jennifer Friedberg ◽  
Judith Wylie-Rosett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure

Little is known about the long-term effects of behavioral interventions to improve blood pressure (BP) control. We evaluated whether a telephone-delivered, behavioral stage-matched intervention (SMI), or a nontailored health education intervention (HEI) delivered for 6 months improves BP control (or lowers systolic BP) over 12 months, as well as its sustainability 6 months after intervention implementation ended, compared with usual care in participants with repeated uncontrolled BP at baseline. A 3-arm, randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 interventions, each compared with a usual-care control group. Participants were 533 adults with persistent uncontrolled BP who were treated at 2 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. The intervention was implemented for 6 months, followed by 6 months of observation. Compared with usual care, the odds of having BP under control over 12 months in SMI were 84% higher (odds ratio, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.28–2.67]; P =0.001), and 48% higher in HEI (odds ratio, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.02–2.14]; P =0.04).Over the 12 months, compared with usual care, systolic blood pressure was 2.80 mm Hg lower in SMI ([95% CI, 0.27 to 5.33]; P =0.03) while it was 2.58 mm Hg lower in HEI ([95% CI, −0.40 to 5.55]; P =0.09). From 6 to 12 months, SMI sustained improved BP control and lower systolic blood pressure, while HEI, which did not have significantly better BP control or lower systolic blood pressure at 6 months, appeared to improve BP control and lower systolic blood pressure. SMI and HEI are promising interventions that can be implemented in clinical practice to improve BP management. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT00286754.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Caloric Restriction on DNA Methylation Measures of Biological Aging in Healthy Adults: CALERIETM Trial Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
reem waziry ◽  
David L corcoran ◽  
Kim M Huffman ◽  
Michael S Kobor ◽  
Meeraj Kothari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epigenetic Clock ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Cohen's D

Calorie restriction (CR) slows aging and increases healthy lifespan in model organisms. We tested if CR slowed biological aging in humans using DNA methylation analysis of blood samples from N=197 participants in the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIETM) randomized controlled trial. We quantified CR effects on biological aging by comparing change scores for six epigenetic-clock and Pace-of-Aging measures between n=128 CR-group and n=69 ad-libitum-control-group participants at 12- and 24-month follow-ups. CR effects were strongest for DunedinPACE Pace of Aging (12-month Cohen's d=0.3; 24-month Cohen's d=0.2, p<0.01 for both), followed by DunedinPoAm and the GrimAge epigenetic clock, although effects for these measures were not statistically different from zero (p>0.08). CR effects for other epigenetic clocks were in the opposite direction (all p>0.15). CALERIE intervention slowed Pace of Aging but showed minimal effect on epigenetic clocks hypothesized to reflect longer term accumulation of aging burden.

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