Convalescent plasma therapy: A promising solution for SARS-CoV-2 outbreak

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar Singh ◽  
Animesh Chaterjee ◽  
Sandeep Sirohi ◽  
Nitin Sharma ◽  
Ashima Kathuria
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Patient Survival Rate ◽  
Pathogenic Infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused more than 18 million confirmed cases and 700000 deaths worldwide after the outbreak in November 2019 (COVID-19). It has been considered as most pathogenic infection under this category. Till date none of the therapeutics or prophylaxis measures have been claimed by any researcher which could cure the patient suffering from the SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is an urgent need for any alternative and effective way of disease management for COVID-19. However, convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) has gain attention of researchers with significant improvement of patient survival rate. Interestingly, there are numerous examples where CPT has proven its potential upon post-exposure prophylaxis and/or treatment in various diseases including COVID-19. This review summarizes the essential elements related to CPT, its past clinical evidences and application of CPT for the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection during COVID-19. We used the published literatures from PubMed, EMBASE and Medline databases until 31st May 2020.

Renal transplantation in the first year of life: the treatment of choice for infants with end-stage renal disease.

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. S228
Author(s):  
J S Najarian ◽  
P S Almond ◽  
M Mauer ◽  
B Chavers ◽  
T Nevins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Living Donor ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
First Year ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
End Stage ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Patient Survival Rate

The treatment of choice for end-stage renal failure within the first year of life is controversial. Between September 1970 and February 1991, we performed 28 kidney transplants (27 primary, 1 retransplant, 23 living donor, 5 cadaver) in infants less than 1 yr of age (mean, 7 +/- 2 months; range, 6 wk to 12 months). The 1-yr patient survival rate for living donor recipients was 100% versus 20% for cadaver recipients (P = 0.0001). The 1-yr graft survival rate for living donor recipients was 96% versus 20% for cadaver recipients (P = 0.001). The 1-yr patient survival rate for cyclosporin A (CSA) recipients (N = 12) was 100% versus 75% for non-CSA recipients (P = 0.03). The 1-yr graft survival rate for CSA recipients was 92% versus 75% for non-CSA recipients (P = 0.08). There was no difference in the number of rejection episodes or serum creatinine levels in CSA versus non-CSA recipients. Compared with pretransplant values, the mean posttransplant standard deviation scores (SDS) for height (N = 18), weight (N = 22), and head circumference (N = 8) improved: height SDS from -1.9 to -1.5 (not significant); weight SDS from -2.5 to 0.6 (P less than 0.0005); head circumference SDS from -2.0 to -0.7 (P = 0.01). Because no other renal replacement therapy can match these results, we conclude that renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for infants with end-stage renal failure.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (12) ◽  
pp. 1974-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Benner ◽  
Eshan U Patel ◽  
Oliver Laeyendecker ◽  
Andrew Pekosz ◽  
Kirsten Littlefield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Avidity ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Screening Parameter ◽  
Duration Of Infection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Background Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity and neutralizing titers is currently not well understood. Methods SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG titers and avidity were measured in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 16 individuals) and a cross-sectional sample of convalescent plasma donors (n = 130). Epidemiologic correlates of avidity were examined in donors by linear regression. The association of avidity and a high neutralizing titer (NT) were also assessed in donors using modified Poisson regression. Results Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity were associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.386; P < .001) than with anti-nucleocapsid IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.211; P = .026). Increasing levels of anti-spike IgG avidity were associated with high NT (≥160) (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.58 [95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.12]), independent of age, sex, and hospitalization. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 antibody avidity correlated with duration of infection and higher neutralizing titers, suggesting a potential alternative screening parameter for identifying optimal convalescent plasma donors.

Hierarchical assembly of hyaluronan coated albumin nanoparticles for pancreatic cancer chemoimmunotherapy

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (35) ◽  
pp. 16476-16487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Hu ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
Yingying Xu ◽  
Xianru Han ◽  
Mou Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hierarchical Assembly ◽  
Albumin Nanoparticles ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Patient Survival Rate ◽  
Poor Patient Survival

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant carcinoma with limited effective treatment options, resulting in a poor patient survival rate of less than 5%.

Distal Lower Extremity Sarcomas: Frequency of Occurrence and Patient Survival Rate

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trisha Zeytoonjian ◽  
Henry J. Mankin ◽  
Mark C. Gebhardt ◽  
Francis J. Hornicek
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Patient Survival Rate

Serum C-Reactive Protein: A Predictor of Mortality in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Noh ◽  
Seoung Woo Lee ◽  
Shin Wook Kang ◽  
Sug Kyun Shin ◽  
Kyu Hun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Survival Rate

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of a single baseline serum C-reactive protein (sCRP) as a marker of mortality in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Design A review of prospectively collected data in a 2-year follow-up study. Setting Tertiary medical center. Patients The study included 106 patients who were stable and had been on CAPD for a minimum of 3 months. Main Outcome Measures Patient survival rate was the main outcome measure of this study. Other outcome measures were technique survival rate, peritonitis rate, and hospitalized days. Covariables used in the survival analysis were age, sex, the presence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus, sCRP, serum albumin, hematocrit, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, malnutrition by subjective global assessment (SGA), weekly Kt/V urea, and weekly standardized creatinine clearance (SCCr). Results The 2-year patient survival rate was significantly lower in the increased sCRP group than in the normal sCRP group (66.7% vs 94.1%, p = 0.001), although there was no significant difference in technique failure, peritonitis rate, and hospitalized days between the two groups. By Cox proportional hazards analysis, independent predictors of mortality were: cardiovascular disease (relative risk, RR = 8.96, p < 0.005); increased sCRP level (RR = 1.19, p < 0.05); and high hematocrit (RR = 1.18, p < 0.05). ← Conclusion Serum CRP at enrollment is an independent predictor of 2-year patient survival in CAPD patients.

scholarly journals Incidence of Renal and Liver Rejection and Patient Survival Rate Following Combined Liver and Kidney Transplantation

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Creput ◽  
Antoine Durrbach ◽  
Didier Samuel ◽  
Pascal Eschwege ◽  
Mounia Amor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Patient Survival Rate

scholarly journals Bile leakage after liver transplantation

Open Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Fang ◽  
Sheng Yan ◽  
Shusen Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Bile Leak ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
Donor Liver Transplantation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Patient Survival Rate

AbstractObjective To evaluate the risk factors and outcome of bile leak after liver transplantation.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective study of patients who underwent liver transplantation in our institution between January 2010 and January 2014. The characteristics and survival rate of patients with or without bile leak were compared.ResultsBile leak was observed in sixteen patients after liver transplantation (2.7% of the total number of patients transplanted). Total operating time and bile duct reconstruction technique (duct-to-duct anastomosis or Rouxen-Y cholangiojejunostomy) were found to differ significantly between patients with and without bile leak in univariate (p = 0.001 and 0.024, respectively) and multivariate analyses (p = 0.012 and 0.026, respectively). There was no difference in the one-year patient survival rate between the two groups. However, two-year patient survival rate was significantly lower in the bile leak group (p = 0.003). Both one-year and two-year graft survival rates were significantly lower in the bile leak group (p = 0.049 and <0.001, respectively).ConclusionsCholangiojejunostomy and prolonged total operating time are risk factors for bile leak after deceased donor liver transplantation. Bile leak reduces graft and patient survival rates after deceased donor liver transplantation.

scholarly journals Revolution to Reticence, Halsted and The History of Mastectomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Santhanam ◽  
Austyn Roseborough
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient Survival Rate ◽  
Treat Breast Cancer

The mastectomy techniques used to treat breast cancer patients today are a product of thousands of years of discovery. Early mentions of breast excision and cauterization can be found in Ancient Egyptian and Indian texts dating back to 3000 B.C. Formally developed by Halsted in 1894, the radical mastectomy marked an important innovation in breast cancer therapy. Employment of the technique nearly doubled the patient survival rate. Since Halsted’s time, the uses for this technique have also changed. Less invasive surgeries such as lumpectomies are often preferred by patients, with radical mastectomy surgeries now commonly used for prophylaxis. This article explores the significance of Halsted’s innovation, while providing contextual evidence that examines the noteworthy events that both precede and follow it. It also examines how Halsted’s innovation rose and later fell from public favour.

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