In-patient and Out-patient Pharmacist Intervention in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus Conditions in Dubai, United Arab Emirates: A Qualitative Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Khalid Rayes ◽  
Omar Saad Saleh Abrika
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Pharmacist Intervention ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
And Control

There is a growing body of literature showing the importance of pharmacists’ involvement in the management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) conditions. This study tried to explore the extent to which pharmacists in Dubai, United Arab Emirates intervene in the management and control of diabetic patients within different healthcare settings by using a qualitative approach method. Based on the sample pooled, our key findings pointed to the lack of pharmacists’ intervention in designing or altering DM drug therapy. In addition, hospital pharmacists in Dubai are not actively involved in the management and control of DM conditions. The only positive role of pharmacists were found in the primary healthcare setting where community pharmacists are consulted regularly on sudden or urgent complications related to DM conditions.

Tests for Platelet Changes, Acute Phase Reactants and Serum Lipids in Diabetes mellitus and Peripheral Vascular Disease

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (03) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A van Oost ◽  
B F E Veldhuyzen ◽  
H C van Houwelingen ◽  
A P M Timmermans ◽  
J J Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

SummaryPlatelets tests, acute phase reactants and serum lipids were measured in patients with diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vascular disease. Patients frequently had abnormal platelet tests and significantly increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids, compared to young healthy control subjects. These differences were compared with multidiscriminant analysis. Patients could be separated in part from the control subjects with variables derived from the measurement of acute phase proteins and serum lipids. Platelet test results improved the separation between diabetics and control subjects, but not between patients with peripheral vascular disease and control subjects. Diabetic patients with severe retinopathy frequently had evidence of platelet activation. They also had increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids compared to diabetics with absent or nonproliferative retinopathy. In patients with peripheral vascular disease, only the fibrinogen concentration was related to the degree of vessel damage by arteriography.

scholarly journals The effect of obesity and Insulin Resistance on Liver Enzymes in Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-545
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
And Control

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been defined as a clinical syndrome that is characterized by abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the liver .This study was conducted to assess the effect obesity and insulin resistance on liver enzymes in diabetic Iraqi patients.A comparative study of (90) Iraqi adults divided to three subgroup(30) obese ,(30) nonobese diabetic patients and(30)person had used as control. The analysis included Liver enzyme ALP,ALT,AST,GGT ,Fasting Plasma Glucose (FBG) , Lipid Profile , Hemoglobin A1C , insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) were measured. Subjects were excluded from this study if they had liver disease, alcohol intake, medications for lowering lipid, insulin treatment, pregnant women and women taking contraceptive pills . The study shows significantly higher of liver enzymes level ( gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, Aspartate Amino Transferase , Alanine Transaminase) in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese diabetic patients and control subject and HOMA IR showed significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese with diabetic patients and control (P < 0.05). The lipids level showed significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese diabetic patients and control.The HbA1c level showed higher significantly in obese diabetic patients compared with control and ther is a posative correlation between insulin and HOMA IR , ALP in obeses diabetic patients while there was negative correlation between ALT and cholesterol in obese group and with HbA1c in control group. The liver enzymes level of(alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase gama glutaminase transferase ) is significantly higher in obese diabetic patients than non –obese diabetic patients and control group , also There was posative correlation between ALP and HOMA IR while there was negative correlation between ALT and cholesterol in obese group and with HbA1c in control group .

scholarly journals Effects of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor on Renal Renin-Angiotensin-Aldsoterone System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A439-A439
Author(s):  
Yoshiyu Takeda ◽  
Yoshimichi Takeda ◽  
Masashi Demura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kometani ◽  
Shigehiro Karashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objective: The renoprotective effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGL2i) has been reported in diabetic patients. Local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated in diabetes mellitus and hypertension. We examined the effects of SGL2i on the RAAS in the obese diabetic rats fed a high salt diet. Methods: Zucker-diabetic rats (ZDR) and control rats were fed a high or normal salt diet and were treated with canagliflozin for 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP), blood glucose (BG), PRA, plasma aldosterone (PAC), urinary albumin excretion (UAE), urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), gene expression of angiotensinogen in the kidney were measured. Results: ZDR febd a high salt diet showed high BP, increased UAE and urinary 8-OHdG and elevated angiotensinogen mRNA levels. Treatment with canagliflozin significantly decreased BP, BG, UAE, urinary 8-OHdG and and renal angiotensinogen mRNA levels compared with control rats (p&lt0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: The closer mechanism of renoptotection of SGL2i in diabetes mellitus is unclear. We have reported that the repoprotective effects of type 2 angiotensin receptor antagonist or mineralocorticoid receptor blocker were partly due to the decreased RAAS in the kidney. Decreased renal RAAS by the treatment with canagliflozin may contribute to the renoprotection in DZR.

FACTORS INFLUENCING ATTENDANCE BY DIABETIC PATIENTS FOR YEARLY OPHTHALMIC REVIEWS: A DESCRIPTIVE CO-RELATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Nadine Chrystal Arnolds
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Diabetic retinopathies is a complication of diabetes mellitus causing blindness globally, and as patients live longer, cases of diabetic retinopathy increases. Despite efforts to educate patients at their eye visits, yearly follow up visits is still a major challenge. Objectives of the study were to investigate the reasons for noncompliance by determining the relationship among the selected factors (knowledge/ condence/ fear and anxiety) and adherence to yearly reviews by the ophthalmologist. The instrument used was a semi-structured questionnaire with sections covering demographics, statements regarding diabetes and diabetic eye care and one section with an open ended question to determine the reasons for nonattendance. The open ended question was used to analyse the reason for non-compliance. Atotal of 300 diabetic patients were randomly selected for the study. Of the 300 participants, 151 (50.3%) were compliant. Compliance with doctor's visits was found to be associated with positive behaviour and more knowledge and control. Knowledgeable patients were more satised with the medical services. Fear of stigma associated with diabetes mellitus was found to be associated with demographic variables such as gender, race, marital status, employment status and educational level. The main reasons for noncompliance were lack of information, negligence, busy work schedules and lack of nance.

scholarly journals α-2-Macroglobulin in Saliva Is Associated with Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Aitken ◽  
Carolina Ortiz ◽  
Irene Morales-Bozo ◽  
Gonzalo Rojas-Alcayaga ◽  
Mauricio Baeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
And Control

Background. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) require an adequate glycemic control to avoid diabetic complications. Currently, saliva biomarkers are used as a diagnostic tool and can be indicative of the degree of progression and control of various diseases. Several studies indicate thatα-2-macroglobulin levels are elevated in diabetic patients.Methods. 120 subjects with DM2 were enrolled and classified into two groups according to their glycemic control (percentage of glycated hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c), <7% adequate glycemic control group; >7% inadequate glycemic control group). The relationship betweenα-2-macroglobulin levels from saliva samples and HbA1c was subsequently evaluated.Results. We found a positive correlation betweenα-2-macroglobulin and HbA1c (r=0.778andP<0.0001). Area under the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curve ofα-2-macroglobulin indicated a positive discrimination threshold ofα-2-macroglobulin (AUC = 0.903, CI 95%: 0.847–0.959,P<0.0001) to diagnose glycemic control.Conclusions. Our data strongly suggest that the level of salivaα-2-macroglobulin is an indicator for the degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients and represents a promising alternative method to evaluate this parameter.

Evaluation of α-klotho level in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) children

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-765
Author(s):  
Fariba Tarhani ◽  
Ghobad Heidari ◽  
Alireza Nezami
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
And Control

AbstractObjectivesReduced levels of α-Klotho is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including diabetes. In type I diabetes, decrease in Klotho leads to apoptosis of β-cells of pancreases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of α-Klotho in type I diabetic pediatric patients.MethodsIn this cross-sectional single centered study, 46 patients presenting type I diabetes mellitus (case group) and 78 control group under the age of 12, referred to our clinic were included in our study. Serum levels of soluble Klotho were measured by sandwich ELISA in case and control groups. Statistical analysis was conducted for the data recorded via questionnaire.ResultsMean age of the patients in the case and control group was 7.65 ± 3.09 and 7 ± 2.37, respectively. Type I diabetes patients had a significant reduction in the levels of serum Klotho, as compared to controls (p<0.001). However, gender and age-based comparison between patient and control group was not significant.ConclusionsThis study reports a significant decrease in the serum levels of α-Klotho in type 1 diabetic patients. Low levels of Klotho can be associated with diabetic nephropathy and other comorbidities in these patients.

scholarly journals Distribution of DD Genotype of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene and Its Correlation with Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Ali-Bahar ◽  
Maysam Mard-Soltani ◽  
Yousef Paridar ◽  
Zahra Nasirbaghban ◽  
Zahra Sadat Hashemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Gene ◽  
And Control

Background: One of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms are correlated with DR progression. Accordingly, the elucidation of the association between ACE gene polymorphism and the risk of DR development seems to be highly crucial. Methods: In this study, 195 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were classified as the case group with retinopathy (99 people) and control group without retinopathy (96 people). Screening for DR was performed by ophthalmologists using clinical examination and fluorescein angiography. Different ACE genotypes (II, ID, and DD) were identified by the collection of blood samples, extraction of DNA, and PCR amplification using specific primers. Results: The frequency distribution of genotypes was significantly different between the case and control groups (P = 0.009). Interestingly, possessing a DD genotype made diabetic patients approximately 2.5 folds (95% CI = 1.271 - 4.840, P = 0.007) and 3.25 folds (95% CI = 1.312 - 8.051, P = 0.01) more susceptible to DR when compared to having DI and II genotypes, respectively. Moreover, having a D allele made diabetic individuals nearly 1.75 folds (95% CI = 1.167 - 2.623, P = 0.007) more susceptible to DR than possessing an I allele. Conclusions: Our results potentiate the hypothesis that the DD genotype and D allele of the ACE gene might play a role in the pathogenesis of DR.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE IN DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE-2 PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
Maya Pensiya ◽  
V B Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
And Control

Background: To study the lipid profile in diabetes mellitus in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: This is a cross sectional case control study. 100 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls were taken. Lipid profile were done in cases and controls using appropriate tests. Results: The fasting blood sugar levels in all the diabetics were significantly higher as compare to control. There was significant difference in mean HDL, Triglycerides level in diabetic and control patients. There was no significant difference in LDL, Cholesterol level in Diabetic and control patients. Conclusion: We concluded that there is a high prevalence of elevated lipid levels among the diabetic patients. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus -2, Cholesterol, Lipid Profile

scholarly journals Recommendations For Metrics For Multidrug-Resistant Organisms In Healthcare Settings: SHEA/HICPAC Position Paper

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 901-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam L. Cohen ◽  
David Calfee ◽  
Scott K. Fridkin ◽  
Susan S. Huang ◽  
John A. Jernigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Vulnerable Patient ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
And Control

Monitoring multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and the infections they cause in a healthcare setting is important to detect newly emerging antimicrobial resistance profiles, to identify vulnerable patient populations, and to assess the need for and effectiveness of interventions; however, it is unclear which metrics are the best, because most of the metrics are not standardized. This document describes useful and practical metrics and surveillance considerations for measuring MDROs and the infections they cause in the practice of infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. These metrics are designed to aid healthcare workers in documenting trends over time within their facility and should not be used for interfacility comparison.

scholarly journals NURSING THEORY FOR PATIENTS' COMPLIANCE WITH THE TREATMENTS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalidia Felipe de Lima Costa ◽  
Alcivan Nunes Vieira ◽  
Sara Taciana Firmino Bezerra ◽  
Lúcia de Fátima da Silva ◽  
Maria Célia de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Content Validation ◽  
Nursing Theory ◽  
Clinical Nursing ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: to elaborate and validate a Nursing Theory for Patients' Compliance with the Treatments of Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. Method: this is a theoretical and methodological study that followed four stages, namely: development of the concepts; development and validation of proposals; structuring and contextualization of the theory; and content validation. The validity process took place in two rounds, from July to September 2018, with the participation of 7 expert judges in the field of Nursing theories and experience in monitoring hypertensive and diabetic patients. Results: the Nursing Theory for Patient's Compliance with the treatments of Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus is composed of 18 concepts and has adherence as a central element. The conceptual structure shows that the studied phenomena are inserted in open systems in constant interaction, in which changes in any of those involved can reflect on the others, directly impacting on patients' compliance the treatment and control of the aforementioned chronic diseases. The Content Validity Index of the first round was 0.79, and that of the second 0.97, showing a positive evolution of the altered proposals in compliance with the judges' recommendations. Content validation showed adequate internal consistency in the two rounds, with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.79 in the first, and of 0.80 in the second. Conclusion: the elaboration and validation of the Theory proved to be consistent with the proposal of clinical Nursing care for people with Hypertension and Diabetes, whose focus is adherence to their treatments.

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