scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AMONG CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakti Krishan Rajguru ◽  
Jasraj Bohra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Background: This study to find out the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetic children with type 1 DM treated with insulin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 50 children with type 1 DM from 1 to 14  years of age. All patients were subjected to full fundus examination and were then classified according to its results into patients with DR and patients without DR. Results: A total of 6 (12.0%) patients were found to have DR. 5 patients had retinopathy in one eye and 1 patients had retinopathy in both eyes. Thus, the total number of eyes with retinopathy was 7 of 100 screened eyes (7.00% of all eyes). Most eyes with retinopathy had a mild degree of NPDR, as it was present in 6 eyes. The other 1eyes had moderate degree of retinopathy Conclusion: The prevalence of DR was 12.0% among all studied patients and 7.00% among all studied eyes. The grade of retinopathy was directly related to the duration of DM, fasting blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Keywords: DM, DR, Hb1Ac

PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AMONG CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS TREATED BY INSULIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Chanchal Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Vishnu Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 1 Dm

BACKGROUND- This study to nd out the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetic children with type 1 DM treated with insulin. METHODS -This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 100 children with type 1 DM from 1 to 16 years of age. All patients were subjected to full fundus examination and were then classied according to its results into patients with DR and patients without DR. RESULTS- The mean age of the patients was 9.42±1.31 years and 56.00% were males. DR was found in 10 (10.00%) patients, seven of whom had retinopathy in one eye and three had retinopathy in both eyes. Mild nonproliferative DR was found in 11 eyes and moderate DR was found in 2 eyes. CONCLUSION- The prevalence of DR was 10.0% among all studied patients and 6.50% among all studied eyes. The grade of retinopathy was directly related to the duration of DM, fasting blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels.

scholarly journals Role of Oxidative Stress and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kholoud Albokhary ◽  
Feda Aljaser ◽  
Manal Abudawood ◽  
Hajera Tabassum ◽  
Afnan Bakhsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Status ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oxidative stress generated on account of hyperglycemic state may lead to retinal abnormalities including DR. Objectives : To evaluate the status of antioxidant enzymes -superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT); with different stages of DR severity in subjects with type 1 and type 2 DM. Methods: The cross-sectional study enrolled 148 subjects with type 1 DM (n=17); type 2 DM (n=96) and non-diabetes controls (n=35). Subjects with DM were divided into two subgroups based on DR severity (mild-to-severe non-proliferative DR and proliferative DR [PDR]) and Serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, SOD and CAT were estimated. Results: Both SOD and CAT levels were lower in diabetes subjects than non-diabetic controls. A significant positive correlation was found between HbA1C level and severity of DR (P<0.0001). Levels of SOD and CAT varied significantly with DR severity in both diabetic groups at p<0.05. Furthermore, levels of SOD and CAT was found to decrease significantly (P<0.001) in DR (+) compared to DR (-) patients. Also, increased levels of HbA1c was significantly associated (P<0.001) with decreased SOD in both subgroups (NPDR and PDR). DR severity was significantly associated with SOD and CAT in the NPDR and PDR subgroups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defenses are associated with DR progression to its PDR stage.

A study on the proportion of hearing impairment among percussionists in Thrissur district of Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Jubina Bency A. T. ◽  
Sarangi . ◽  
Sebastian Roy ◽  
Shalu Sara Mathew ◽  
Shamseena A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Mild Degree

Background: Hearing loss is a cause of global concern. Percussionists are exposed to greater levels of continuous or intermittent noise than others. Little is known about the relationship between percussion activity and hearing impairment. The early detection of the same and subsequent management makes a significant reduction in the burden of health care services. The objective was to study the proportion of hearing impairment in percussionists in the district of Thrissur using an IOS based mobile application.Methods: A cross sectional study was done on percussionists from Thrissur district who has experience of more than five years and has no congenital or traumatic hearing loss. A predesigned semi structured questionnaire was given and hearing tests were done using a mobile application U hear in a sound proof setting to understand the current state of hearing ability amoung the percussionists.Results: A total of 39 subjects were involved in our study of which all were males. Mean age of our study population was 30.44+12.04. most of them were diagnosed with at least mild degree of hearing loss of one of the ear or both the ears. 15.4% of them had mild degree of hearing loss, 64.1% had moderate degree of hearing loss and 20.5% had severe hearing loss.Conclusions: The study shows percussionists are more exposed to sounds of various frequencies for longer duration, they are more prone to hearing loss. The study brought out that age is directly proportional to hearing loss, music induced hearing loss progress at a rate proportion to the work experience. 

Dentition and Oral Health Status in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Farhana Nasrin ◽  
Mohammad Golam Iqbal ◽  
Md Shahed Shahed Rafi Pavel ◽  
Akashlynn Badruddoza ◽  
Riasat Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 1 Dm

The descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the status of dentition and oral health in children and adolescents with type-1 DM in BIRDEM, Dhaka, from 1st January to 30th June 2010. Fifty two (52) samples of 5 to 19 years of age were studied to check their oral health problems. Results showed 35(67.3%) of respondents were suffering from gingivitis and dental caries, 13(25%) respondents had periodontitis and 4(7.7%) respondents had attrition and mobility. Overall prevalence of oral health problems were more in male (53.8%) than female respondents (46.2%). The Highest number (57.7%) of oral health problems occurred in 16~19 years age  group (mean age 15.29}3.35years). Majority (53.8%) of the respondents did not check their blood glucose level regularly and 76.9% respondents visit dental surgeon when needed. Three fourth (75%) of the respondents brush their teeth before breakfast and 92.3% respondents used to clean their teeth only once a day. With type 1 DM, maximum respondents have ulceration of oral mucosa (76.9%) and only 5.8% respondents have normal oral mucosa. Three fourth (73.1%) of the respondents had unhealthy tonsils and maximum (57.7%) respondents had ulceration of tongue. Near about half of the respondents (48.1%) had good oral health status among children and adolescents with type 1 DM. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12317 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a hospital-based population of Australian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Keel ◽  
Catherine Itsiopoulos ◽  
Konstandina Koklanis ◽  
Meri Vukicevic ◽  
Fergus Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emerging Risk

AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of, and traditional and emerging risk factors associated with, retinopathy in a hospital-based population of Australian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 483 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Medical files were audited to collect all relevant clinical data. Diabetic retinopathy was assessed from colour retinal images by an ophthalmologist.Results:Diabetic retinopathy was observed in 11 (2.3%) participants. Logistic regression revealed that the principal components analysis derived risk profile of: higher serum creatinine, older age, higher systolic blood pressures, higher body mass index, abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (<59 mL/min), lower high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol, higher serum sodium, longer duration of diabetes and narrower retinal arteriolar calibre was associated with diabetic retinopathy (ExpB=2.60, 95% CI 1.36/4.96, p=0.004).Conclusions:These results support the concept that the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy is likely due to the combined influence of various risk factors, many already identified.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chitotriosidase and Neopterin as Biomarkers of Microvascular Complications in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Ancuța Cutaș ◽  
Cristina Drugan ◽  
Gabriela Roman ◽  
Adriana Rusu ◽  
Cristina Sorina Cătană ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Chitotriosidase Activity ◽  
Type 1 Dm

The chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) are accompanied by inflammatory manifestations. Our study aimed to evaluate a possible association between the inflammatory status (reflected by serum chitotriosidase and neopterin) and the timely evolution and occurrence of chronic microvascular complications in patients with type 1 DM. This observational, cross-sectional study included 82 type 1 DM patients from the Centre for Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Our results demonstrated a link between the extent of inflammation, evaluated by the enzymatic activity of circulating chitotriosidase, and the onset of microvascular complications, especially diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy. Chitotriosidase enzymatic activity showed an ascending evolution over time. In non-smoking patients, the increase in chitotriosidase activity was correlated with the extent of microalbuminuria and the decline of glomerular filtration rate, while in smokers, only the presence of a positive correlation between chitotriosidase activity and disease progression was noticed. According to our results, the time span between the moment of diagnosis and the onset of microvascular complications was longer in non-smokers than in smokers. These results also imply that increased chitotriosidase activity may be a predictor of endothelial dysfunction in type 1 DM.

scholarly journals Evaluation of professional stress in IT professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
S. Karthikeyan Arasu ◽  
R. Dhivakar ◽  
J. Cibi Chakravarthi ◽  
M. Kausik ◽  
M. Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Professional Stress

Background: Stress has become common among the working people in this era. This may lead to further dire psychological consequences such as anxiety, depression etc. India being the information technology (IT) hub with lakhs involved as IT Professionals, there is a need to assess prevalence of professional stress. Not many studies have been conducted regarding this research topic in urban areas. Hence, this study has been exclusively done in Coimbatore which is an urban area in which IT is still developing. Aim of the study was to assess the stress levels of IT professionals in a software company in urban Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.Methods: Cross–Sectional Study based on a validated questionnaire based on professional life stress scale (PLSS).Results: Out of the 105 employees interviewed 68% were in mild degree of stress. The remaining 32% had moderate degree of stress and none of the participants had high degree of stress.Conclusions: India being a leading sector in IT, its development largely depends on its employees’ physical and mental health. Occupational stress (job stress/work stress) need to be kept harnessed and minimized to provide conducive work environment in the organization.

scholarly journals Association between Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Enterovirus-Infected Type 1 Diabetic Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Abdel-Moneim ◽  
Waled M. El-Senousy ◽  
Mahmoud Abdel-Latif ◽  
Rehab G. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Diabetic Children

Objective: To examine the effect of infection with Enterovirus (EV) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) on the activities of serum antioxidant enzymes in diabetic and nondiabetic controls. Subjects and Methods: Three hundred and eighty-two diabetic and 100 nondiabetic children were tested for EV RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. The activities of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were also estimated in diabetic patients infected with EV (T1D-EV+), those not infected with EV (T1D-EV–), and in nondiabetic controls. Results: The frequency of EV was higher in diabetic children (100/382; 26.2%) than in healthy controls (0/100). Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher but C-peptide was significantly lower in diabetic children than in controls. CRP levels were higher in the T1D-EV+ group than in the T1D-EV– group, and higher in all diabetic children than in nondiabetic controls. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPx, SOD, and CAT decreased significantly in diabetic children compared to in controls. Moreover, the activities of the enzymes tested were significantly reduced in the T1D-EV+ group compared to in the T1D-EV– group. Conclusion: Our data indicate that EV infection correlated with a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the T1D-EV+ group compared to in the T1D-EV– group; this may contribute to β cell damage and increased inflammation.

Standard body mass index reference data of prepubescent diabetic Egyptian children

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayera E. Hassan ◽  
Sahar A. El-Masry ◽  
Aya Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractBackground:Data on the growth of diabetic children is conflicting. The aim of this study was to create and validate acceptable body mass index (BMI)-standardized percentiles and curves applied to Egyptian prepubescent diabetic children.Methods:The cross-sectional study comprised 822 prepubescent children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), whose ages ranged from 3 years to 10 years±6 months. An anthropometric assessment for each child was performed: body weight, height and BMI were calculated (weight [kg]/height [mResults:For controlled diabetic males and females, the 50th percentile BMI was higher than those of the Egyptian and WHO growth curves, while differences in BMI were recorded for uncontrolled diabetic males and females. For uncontrolled diabetic males, the BMI was lower than the standard Egyptian and WHO growth curves up to 5 years of age, after which it became higher than the standard WHO and lower than the standard Egyptian growth curves from 5 years up to 10 years of age. Contrary to that, the BMI of uncontrolled diabetic females was higher than the standard Egyptian and WHO growth curves up to 6.5 years, between the curves from 6.5 years up to 7.5 years and then became lower than both curves up to 10 years of age.Conclusions:Children with T1DM should use their own BMI percentiles and never be compared with normal healthy children.

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