scholarly journals Productivity of fodder crops and their mixed planting depending on fertilizers and soil treatments

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
S. M. Abasov ◽  
M. Sh. Gaplaev ◽  
M. Sh. Abasov ◽  
Z. B. Magamadgazieva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. The problem associated with the continuing decline in the yield of the main crops and soil fertility in most of the arable lands leads to the need of developing comprehensive measures, including the optimal selection of crops and methods of tillage and planting in order to increase the collection of plant protein and preserve soil fertility.Method. The work devoted to the study of the influence of tillage methods, mineral fertilizers and biological products on the productivity of forage crops and their mixed planting was carried out on the experimental fields of the Chechen Research Institute in 2019–2020 in the forest-steppe climatic zone. The experiment was multifactorial. Mineral fertilizers were used for crop rotation with a view to the planned yield. The biopreparation V417, created at the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology on the basis of the Bacillus subtilis strain, was used in the processing of seed material and crops during the period of intensive plant growth.Results. As a result of the research, it was revealed that each of the studied methods of tillage should correspond to the cultivated crop and the technology used. The introduction of mineral fertilizers provided an increase in the productivity of forage plants in their pure and mixed planting by 11–44%. The treatment of crops with biopreparation V417 reflected in the best way: an increase in yield was from 24 to 52%. At the same time, the highest yield of the green mass of 42.6 t/ha was obtained in a three-component mixture (wheat, peas, oats) in the variants where disking and chiseling were carried out. Mixed planting is a serious reserve for increasing the quantity and quality of plant products. It's feed productivity in the collection of dry matter and feed units was not inferior to pure planting of cereals, and in terms of the provision of 1 feed unit with digestible protein exceeded it by 3–14%.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

scholarly journals Formation of corn grain quality in different directions of use depending on the technology of growing in the Forest-steppe

1970 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
V. F. Kaminskyi ◽  
N. M. Asanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Corn Grain

Purpose. The aim of the research conducted during 2016-2019 was to determine the impact of technological methods on the indicators of corn grain quality to optimize the elements of growing technology depending on the directions of use in conditions of the Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods – field, quantitative and weight, chemical, comparative and calculation, mathematical and statistical. Results. On the results of the research, dependences of formation of quality of grain on the content of protein, starch, fat in it and correlation dependencies between these indicators and yield of corn have been revealed. The best quality of grain of a forage and food direction is formed when applying high doses of mineral fertilizers, and for processing on bioethanol the optimal content of starch and protein is guaranteed at optimum and raised level of fertilizing. It was established that the content of protein, starch and fat had less effect on their yield from 1 hectare than the general yield level. The technologies of cultivation of different intensity as to their possible application for the production of grain of different directions of use with the given quality parameters, the yield of protein, starch, fat and bioethanol have been evaluated. Conclusions. The technology of corn growing with complex application of intensification elements in conditions of the Forest-Steppe zone, which includes introduction of N240P120K240 on the background of by-products of its predecessor, application of the soil and insurance herbicide, plant growth and micro-fertilizers is suitable for fodder and food purposes and ensured the yield of 12.1 t/ha of grain with protein content and yield – 10.56% and 1.28 t/ha, fat – 4.29% and 0.52 t/ha, starch – 71.27% and 8.62 t/ha. For processing on bioethanol effective is the technology of corn growing with the introduction of N180P120K180, by-products of the predecessor, soil herbicide and bio-stimulants, which provided a yield of 9.76 t/ha of grain with a starch content of 72.26% for the yield of 7.05 t/ha and yield of bioethanol at the level of 3982 l/ha.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF POTATO TUBERS ON IRRIGATED SOILS DEPENDING ON AGROTECHNIC CULTIVATION WAYS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Петр Чекмарев ◽  
Petr Chekmarev ◽  
Константин Владимиров ◽  
Konstantin Vladimirov ◽  
Александр Кокров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Irrigated Soils

In modern conditions, one of the priority directions of potato growing is the selection of new highly productive varieties, resistant to the action of abiotic and biotic factors. When potatoes are cultivated, the optimization of mineral nutrition and the depth of planting of seed tubers is an important factor for obtaining sustainable yields. The experiments were laid on gray forest medium loamy granulometric composition of the soil of the forest steppe of the middle Volga region. It was established that the highest yield - 52.50 tons per hectare was formed when fertilizer doses (manure 50 tons per hectare + N135-153P135-145K179-184) were calculated for 50 tons per hectare of tubers, when planting to a depth of 8-10 cm. On tte background fertilization in a dose of manure 50 tons per hectare + N120P120K140 when planting at the same depth yield was 49.50 tons per hectare. On the variant with a planting to a depth of 6-8 cm, the yield of tubers was to 2.89 and 2.92 tons per hectare lower.

scholarly journals Of mixtures in the system of fodder production of the Republic of Tatarstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Рустем Мухамадиев ◽  
Rustem Mukhamadiev ◽  
Рустам Низамов ◽  
Rustam Nizamov ◽  
Марсель Маликов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
The Republic

Mixed crops of annual fodder crops are one of the main levers for balancing livestock feeds, at the same time increasing their productivity and quality remains an urgent task. In connection with these, from 2011 to 2013 years, we conducted field experiments with these crops. Thus, for the first time in the soil-climatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan, the following were studied at the research site: the effectiveness of applying calculated doses of mineral fertilizers to the planned yield of poly-species forage crops; quality and nutritional value of feed; dynamics of nutrition elements on strip crops of sunflower and annual grasses, depending on the nutrition background. According to the results of the research, it was found that the largest harvest of fodder units is achieved with the sowing scheme 180 + 180 cm (N85P35K35), the highest increment of dry matter is in the scheme 180 + 180 and 360 + 360 cm (N130P60K60), the maximum harvesting of crude protein for sunflower seeding and annual grasses with a width of strips of 180 cm (N130P60K60).

scholarly journals Efficiency of organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” in mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Ikoeva ◽  
Oksana Haeva
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The authors present the results of the application of complex organo-mineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of the organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on the yield and nutrition of mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Methods. Studies on the tasks were carried out in 2016–2018 at the experimental site of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture – branch of the Federal Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the experimental plot is medium-power heavy loamy leached chernozem, lined with pebbles. Results. The use of fertilizer “Bioklad” had a significant impact on the timing, fullness of shoots and the density of standing plants up to harvest. The field germination rate for peas varied between 70,5 and 72,4 %, while the oat rate was 76,4 to 80 %. The option with seed inoculation was highlighted. According to the dynamics of the height of the plants also stood out the option with the inoculation of seeds. The use of complex fertilizer “Bioklad” had a positive effect on the yield and quality of the green mass of oats with peas. The largest amount of phytomass was obtained under the variant with inoculation of seeds – 283,3 c/ha, which is higher than the control version at 68,3 c/ha. In terms of the content of digestible protein, the harvest of the mixture of oats with peas exceeded the zootechnical norm, the yield from one hectare reached 6,0–6,9 c/ha, against 5,2 c/ha in control, which per feed unit was 113,7–119,9 g. The collection of feed units amounted to 50,02–60,68 kg/ha, and in the control 44,23 kg/ha, feed protein units, respectively: 55,01–64,84 kg/ha; 48,12 kg/ha. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania studied the effect of complex organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on plant growth processes, formation of green mass, quality of products in a two-component mixture (oats + peas).

scholarly journals Variability of yield and forage quality between three heading groups of english ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) during the first growth / Variabilität von Ertrag und Futterqualität zwischen drei Reifegruppen von Englischem Raygras (Lolium perenne L.) im Verlauf des ersten Aufwuchses

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Erich M. Poetsch ◽  
Reinhard Resch ◽  
Bernhard Krautzer
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Ley Farming ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Variety Testing

SummaryLolium perenne L. (Lp) is one of the most important and valuable forage plants in grasslands and an indispensable component of seed mixtures for meadows, pastures, ley farming, and re-seeding measures. A set of 39 different cultivars of Lp assigned to early, intermediate, and late maturing types were harvested and analyzed in weekly intervals during the first growth at AREC Raumberg-Gumpenstein, Austria. Significant differences between the heading groups were found with a time lag of 6 days for crude protein content and of up to 11 days for digestibility of organic matter and energy concentration. The early heading cultivars significantly differed from the other two groups, which performed comparably and were more resilient in terms of quality aspects for a longer time. Within all three heading groups, a strong variation could be noticed, leading to some unexpected overlapping. Our results indicate that the current assignment of Lp cultivars to the heading groups is imprecise and should be improved by advanced recordings and by analyses during the time of the official variety testing period. This may lead to a more sufficient selection of Lp cultivars for grassland mixtures, and therefore, increase the quality of home-grown forage.

scholarly journals OPTIMAL METHODS OF FORAGE CROPS OF CROPS ON THE CALCULATED BACKGROUND OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN THE SOIL-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Радик Сафин ◽  
Radik Safin ◽  
Марат Амиров ◽  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Салават Сулейманов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Cost

A powerful factor in increasing the yield of feed mixtures is the use of mineral fertilizers. On average, over 4 years of research, the yield of green mass increases from 13.8 tons per hectare at the control (without fertilizers) to 27.4 tons per hectare (almost 2 times). However, the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers depends on how the sunflower and annual herbs are placed in space. Thus, on all backgrounds of mineral nutrition, the highest yield of green mass was obtained by sowing sunflower and annual herbs in separate strips with strip widths of 180 cm: N85P38K46 - 28.2 tons per hectare; N99P44K54 - 32.9 tons per hectare; N113P51K61 - 34.2 tons per hectare. In the same conditions, both narrowing the bands to 90 cm and expanding to 360 cm reduce the yield of the object of study. Mineral fertilizers also have a great influence on the gross yield of raw fat (an increase of 2.8 times), feed units - from 2,562 to 3,904, crude protein - 1.9 times, exchange energy - 2.4 times. As a result, the payback of each ruble of the cost of mineral fertilizers provides for the production of 1.5 rubles, and the bioenergy coefficient increases to 4.4, versus 2.2 for mixed sowing of sunflower and annual herbs.

scholarly journals THE GROWING TECHNOLOGY OF MIXED SEEDED PLANTS AT STUBBLE-FIELD

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Elkhan Rajab Allahverdiyev ◽  
Aytekin Sabir Mamedova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Mixed Crops

One of the main measures to increase production in the field of grain and feed production in our republic is to increase the yield of grain and forage crops on plantations.The purpose of our research work is to study the effect of fertilization and irrigation rates on the yield, crop quality and soil fertility of crops sown in a mixture when planting honeysuckle. The results of research conducted in world agriculture show that mainly the yield and composition of mixed crops, the quality indicators of which depend on the components of the crops to be sown, their seeding rate and cultivation technology. As a result of studies conducted in the conditions of ancient irrigated gray-meadow soils of the Karabakh region of our republic, it was found that with 4 - fold vegetation irrigation (4200 m3), the yield of mixed sowing in the control version without fertilizers was 372 c/ha, while under the influence of mineral and organic mineral fertilizers, the yield increased and amounted to 447-627 c/ha. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that in order to obtain a high yield of green mass with the joint sowing of corn and soybeans, the optimal irrigation and fertilizer application rates were determined, the highest indicator was achieved in the variant where the fertilizer standards N120P150C150 were applied. In the course of the study, the influence of fertilizer application rates and optimization of the amount of irrigation on the quality indicators of feed, as well as on the yield obtained from mixed crops, was studied. As a result of the conducted analyses, the amount of raw protein, absolute dry matter, nitrate nitrogen in the natural mass, the yield of feed units per hectare and the amount of protein going for digestion were determined. Thus, the application of fertilizers within the optimal limits and the correct, timely supply of irrigation standards significantly increase the quality of the crop on a par with the yield on mixed crops, the soil fertility is preserved.

scholarly journals RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS SELECTION IN THE ECOLOGICALLY BALANCED SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Рафил Шакиров ◽  
Rafil Shakirov ◽  
Закиржан Бикмухаметов ◽  
Zakirzhan Bikmuhametov ◽  
Фидаил Хисамиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Positive Balance

Complex studies were conducted in eight-field grain-steam-crop and grain-steam-tilled crop rotations using the following terms: fertilizer systems, plant protection, basic tillage methods and plastic varieties. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the forest-steppe of the Volga region, on a systemic basis, resource-saving technologies have been developed on the basis of fertile crop rotations in an ecologically balanced, biologized farming system. Agroecological principles of conservation and reproduction of gray forest soil fertility and obtaining a planned harvest of high quality. Experimental substantiation of the role of action and interaction of the main factors of saving technology, in increasing crop productivity of crop rotations, productivity of arable land and soil fertility. Agroeconomic evaluation of the resource-saving technology effectiveness. Crop rotations of leguminous crops and perennial legumes increase the productivity of arable land to 15-20%, provide a positive balance of humus (0.45-0.5 tons per hectare). Organomineralic fertilizer system reduces the need for mineral fertilizers by 2-3 times, ensures the receipt of planned high quality harvest and reproduction of soil fertility. The integrated plant protection system, using biological means and methods, provides a saving of plant protection products to 30-35%, raises productivity to 15-25%. Moisture-resource-saving mode of soil cultivation (mulching various deep loosening without turnover of beds) allows to save 25-35% of fuel and reduce the moisture loss to 35-40%. Complex application of these factors with the use of high-yielding plastic varieties makes resource-saving technology that increases the productivity of cultivated crops and the productivity of arable land by 1.5-2 times, the profitability of production by 30-50% and ensuring the reproduction of soil fertility.

scholarly journals Agriculture biologization levels in cultivation of spring barley in forest steppe of middle Volga

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00074
Author(s):  
Natalia P. Bakaeva ◽  
Olga L. Saltykova ◽  
Maksim S. Prikazchikov
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Different Levels

The paper considers different levels of biologization in agriculture as provided by crop rotation with different fallow types with placement of fertilizers at a level of 40 t/ha, basic soil treatment, leaving straw in the field for all crops of five-field crop rotation and application of mineral fertilizers. High barley yields were obtained through the years of the study. Correlation analysis revealed a direct dependence between total biogenesity of soil and grain yield, which is fully actualized depending on meteorological conditions, varietydependent peculiarities of Povolzhsky 85 barley and agricultural processes applied aimed at increasing biologization of agriculture and protecting soil fertility.

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