scholarly journals SOCIAL SECURITY OF THE DAGESTAN POPULATION IN the 1930’S: PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Madina M. Amirkhanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Employment Benefits ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability

This paper is devoted to the development of the pension system in Dagestan in the 1930s.  This problem is an important part of the social policy of the State; because the stability of the society depends on a social population well-being. This research has great scientific significance, because before this other researchers have not studied it. The actual study is mostly based on the new archive materials. In these documents have confirmation that the living standard of the population was low in under study period. The pensions were granted only to the factory and office workers of the State institutions and enterprises and not to the peasants. Also peasants were deficient of social privileges. In archives were found reports that the highly significant progress has been achieved with respect to employment benefits for the blind and deaf in the 1930s. All public institutions and government owned companies in Dagestan were obliged by law to employ disabled people, as vell as provided access to training and retraining when possible. Disabled people were provided with light working professions. The advantage of the mothers of multiple children, order of establishing their state allowance is shown, is also studied. In research was identified the role of the Peasant's mutual aid Committee in the social welfare for disabled villagers. The discovered documents enriches the general knowledge about the rules of social security of certain categories of the population of Dagestan are studied in this paper.

BASIC PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION DISABLED PEOPLE IN POLAND AND VETERANS WHO WERE INJURED IN ACTIONS OUTSIDE THE BORDERS OF THE STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (32) ◽  
pp. 181-201
Author(s):  
Jacek Narloch ◽  
Łukasz Kajtarek
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Special Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

The typology of disability is presented and the ambiguity of the definition is discussed. The social and not only individual problem of supporting people with disabilities (disabled people – DP) is pointed out there. There is a special group of people whose disability is connected with fulfilling duties in peacekeeping missions outside the country i.e. aggrieved veterans (AV). The state of ensuring the personal and social security of both groups – DP and AV – is presented preliminarily in the light of the legal regulations in Poland and the functioning of Polish governmental and non-governmental institutions.

scholarly journals LIFE AFTER RETIREMENT AND STRUGGLE FOR PENSION IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Samson Adewumi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
State Government ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Active Service ◽  
Economic Balance

Commenting on the significance of pension as a social security measure for cushioning the economic demands that comes with retirement, there are pockets of evidence advancing the commentaries that pension aid in striking an economic balance between the periods of retirement and active service. This statement captures the importance of pension as an essential social security measure. This paper assesses life after retirement and the struggle for pension in Osun State, Nigeria. Previous studies have largely focus on pension policies and reforms, with a scare attention on life after retirement experiences and struggle for pension in Nigeria. The exploratory research design was applied to advance the limit of knowledge on pension and retirement discourse with a total of 28 pensioners selected for interviews through the snowball and convenient recruitment strategies. The Social Contract Theory was utilized to understand major assumptions raised in the study. Findings reveal a number of life after retirement challenges for pensioners including inability to access medical treatment, difficulty in providing for families due to non-payment of pension and strenuous pension verification exercise among others. It was equally shown that the social security responsibilities of the Osun State government towards the welfare of pensioners in the state have been hijacked with political propaganda, while pensioners are left to go through untold hardship. The study recommends for the constitution of a separate pension budget for pension management effectiveness in the state. Lastly, it is recommended that the Osun State government be committed to the well-being of pensioners by avoiding all forms of politicking with the welfare of those who have served the state in various capacities during their active years.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PENSION SYSTEM REFORMS ON PUBLIC FINANCE EXPENDITURES IN POLAND

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Anna Owczarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
The Social

The social security system in each country, if it exists, plays a crucial role in supporting citizens and specific expenditures of the public finance system. Its importance in public spending depends on many factors; in particular, on its source and on its form of financing benefits or pensions. The social security system in Poland is composed of a social insurance and welfare system, a health insurance system, unemployment and family benefits, from which are enumerated an old-age pension, invalidity pension, sickness and maternity insurance, insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases, and health insurance. The Polish social security system often changes due to implementation of improvements or limits on public spending. The most famous reform took place in 1999 and introduced the largest number of changes in the sphere of pension security. Because the scale of public funds that are passed on to the social security system is very large, pension reforms should are crucial for improving the state of public finances. The aim of the paper is to present changes that took place in the Polish pension system between 1999 and 2017 and how those changes influenced the amount of public expenditures. The study reviews the research hypothesis: frequent changes in the pension system have a negative impact on the state of Polish public finance. The study covers the years 1999-2017, as well as the previous four years before the implementation of the pension reform. Basic research materials used to conduct the research analysis were reports on implementation of the state budget, data prepared by the Social Insurance Institution and the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund as well as statistical data obtained from the Central Statistical Office.

scholarly journals Transformation Issues of Social Policy as a Basis for the Social Security of a State

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
D. H. Mykhailenko ◽  
◽  
O. V. Hrypich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Social

One of the important tasks of social policy is to ensure the social security and development of a state. Protection of the individual, society and the state from internal and external threats is ensured by social security. Social development is reflected in the effective implementation of social programs aimed at improving social welfare and the well-being of citizens. The article is aimed at suggesting some approaches to define social policy as a basis for the formation of social security of a state. Legal documents regulating security formation in the social sphere are considered. The components of social security are identified. Approaches to define the social policy of a state in the context of social security formation are offered. The types and models for carrying out social policies in the view of forming the social security of a state are analyzed. Ukraine’s social policy needs to be transformed, as it is characterized by low economic efficiency, this being the reason for the state’s inability to ensure a high level of well-being for all its citizens. Domestic social policy is characterized by a low level of security and limited social benefits for ordinary citizens, but the elite can use a whole system of social benefits and privileges. All this threatens the social security of the state. The ideology of domestic social policy makes the citizens highly dependent on the state, instead of promoting the citizens’ initiatives. However, the social security formation is impossible without improving life quality and bringing in social welfare, and without reforming and developing the social sphere. It can only become possible if social consensus is reached between different groups of political and economic interests and the state.

Protection mechanisms in the old-age pension systems of the CEE countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCIN KAWIŃSKI ◽  
DARIUSZ STAŃKO ◽  
JOANNA RUTECKA
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Protection Mechanisms

AbstractSince 1990s, substantial changes in the role of the state in the social security schemes can be observed in the countries of the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). While the general framework of social benefits in the CEE countries is still defined by the state, more and more often the task of provision of social security is transferred to the private entities. Such privatization of social policy makes the need for protection mechanism and some state guarantees even stronger. It is still the state that is responsible for the final outcome of social security systems so that is why governments are directly providing or indirectly creating safety mechanisms built-in the private market mechanism used for social purposes. The paper surveys various types of the protection mechanisms in selected CEE countries that exist in the important and already most privatized element of the social security system – the pension system. While describing the safety measures and possible guarantees, special attention is paid to the new forms that have been built up recently. The paper covers both mandatory and voluntary pension markets and identifies present and possible threats in the existing frameworks that can harm the social security. The paper concludes with general assessment and policy recommendations.

Spinoza’s Political Philosophy

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Social Contract ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Political Philosopher ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Degree Of Participation

This article argues that Spinoza is a modern republican political philosopher. He combines Machiavelli’s idea of liberty with Hobbes’s version of the social contract. This claim has four basic elements. First, Spinoza rejects Hobbes’s view that the individual must alienate his natural rights to form a state through a contract. Rather, the contract’s validity depends on a continuous and dynamic transfer of power from its citizens, which is defined as participation in public life. Second, the stability of a state depends on how effectively the regime can foster participation in the state. Spinoza uses his theory of the imagination and passions to explain how the state can overcome free-rider problems in the social contract. Hence the republican ideal of government is expressed not so much in any particular constitutional form of the state but in how well each form can foster participation. Although democracy expresses the highest degree of participation—and hence stability—aristocracy and even monarchy can be also optimized. Third, the participation of the individual in the state is not an end in itself but the means to the individual’s own freedom. So, although participation in the state is a necessary condition of individual well-being, it is certainly not sufficient to become virtuous. Fourth, the participation of individuals in the state, the quality and structure of state stability, as a well as the freedom of the state and individual, all depend on the degree of rationality manifest in both the individual and in the institutional structures of the state.

scholarly journals Social security of Ukraine: summary, problems and ways of ensuring

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Zakharii Varnalii ◽  
Rostislav Bilyk ◽  
Mykola Khmelevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
The State ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Social

The essence and content of social security are revealed, the systematic problems and ways of providing social security of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization and European integration are investigated, the analysis of the generalities of factors of social security of Ukraine at the current stage of state development is made. It is substantiated that the social security of the state, in the narrow sense, is the degree (level) of protection of national interests of the population in the social sphere from internal and external threats, and social security of the state, in the broad sense, is a state of development of the state for which the state is able to protect from internal and external threats and to ensure a decent and quality social standard of living of the population, regardless of age, gender, income level, to promote the full development of human capital. It is determined that the social challenges of Ukraine's security have intensified, especially in the areas of population reproduction and labor potential, functioning of the social sphere and labor market, income and employment of the population. It is substantiated that these challenges lead to deterioration of working conditions and decrease of material well-being, depopulation and aging of the nation, spread of poverty and disintegration of financial position of citizens, decrease of social protection of the population, increase of dissatisfaction with the life and social policy of the authorities.It is proved that the state policy in the field of convergence of the social security system of Ukraine and the EU, in particular with regard to regulation of migration processes, should be aimed at achieving the goal of systematic development of human capital and implemented in the following areas: ensuring demographic security, modernization of the health care system, restoration of the quality system education, preservation of cultural values, becoming a competitive labor market, improving housing affordability, building social infrastructure, systemic social insurance population.

Schwäche der Tarifautonomie und Legitimitätsfragen im Arbeitsrecht und im Sozialrecht

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-236
Author(s):  
Stephan Seiwerth
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
System Change ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Partners

AbstractSocial partners have played a privileged role in German social security administration since Bismarckian times. In 2014, a new legislation empowered the social partners to set the level of the statutory minimum wage and to demand the extension of collective agreements. This article examines the interdependence of the trade unions’ and employer organisations’ membership numbers and their involvement in state regulation of labour and social security law. In case the interest in autonomous regulations is not going to increase, the state will have to step in with more heteronomous regulation. This would incrementally lead to a system change.

CONTROL SYSTEM IN MODERN JAPAN (NIHONTEKI KEYKEY): THE KEY TO INNOVATIVE DEVEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
A. I. SAMSIN ◽  
◽  
M. A. PONOMAREV ◽  
V. V. VELIKOROSSOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Control System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Japan

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main trends and problems of the management system in modern Japan, which is the key to the country's innovative economic development. Shows the social orientation of the state authorities to protect the rights, freedoms and well-being of citizens. Today, the country is actively fighting against the coronavirus pandemic. The decisive role belongs to government bodies, it is they who develop and implement a system of measures to overcome this serious danger.

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