scholarly journals THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF ESTIMATABILITY ASSESSMENT OF TRAIN SITUATION SIGNS FOR WORK OF INTELLECTUAL LOCOMOTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
O. Gorobсhenko
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Random Search ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Train Control ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Control Decision ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the problem of implementation of intelligent control systems in transport. An important task is to assess the information parameters of the control systems. In the existing works the question of definition of one of the basic parameters of functioning of locomotive control systems - information value of separate signs of a train situation is not considered. This does not make it possible to determine the order of signal processing at the input and assess their contribution to the adoption of a control decision. Moreover, informativeness is a relative value, which is expressed in the different information value of a particular feature for the classification of different train situations. Also, the informativeness of the feature may depend on the type of decisive rules in the classification procedure. The quality of recognition of a train situation in which the locomotive crew is, depends on the quality of the features used by the classification system. The decisive criterion for the informativeness of the features in the problem of pattern recognition is the magnitude of losses from errors. To determine the range of the most informative features of train situations, the method of random search with adaptation was used. The results of the work make it possible to optimize the operation of automated and intelligent train control systems by reducing the amount of calculations and simplifying their algorithm.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DETERMINATION OF THE COST OF PLANTS CERTAIN KINDS WHEN CARRYING OUT FORENSIC MERCHANDISING EXAMINATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 351-359
Author(s):  
О. S. Obolentseva-Krasivska
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Market Relations

Flowers, ornamental plants, planting material (saplings) and other plants with regard to which the market with possibility of carrying out independent adequate marketing was formed, are the subject of evaluation by the experts in field of forensic merchandising. With the development of the market and market relations such goods as flowers, planting material and others are increasingly encashed in the market of Ukraine and become the objects of forensic merchandising examinations and expert researches. Special feature of merchandising researches of the plant origin objects is the use of the comprehensive approach to the estimation of their quality and cost. Researches are carried out with the purpose of determination of properties, consumer value, conformity to standards and specifications of plants certain kinds. When studying a considerable variety of flower plants, one distinguishes scientific and industrial classifications. In merchandising flowers industrial classification of flower ornamental plants which provides distribution of flower plants to the separate groups similar on biological properties, the agricultural technician of cultivation and practical application in gardening is used. During carrying out merchandising examinations on an establishment of consumer properties of certain kinds plants, namely establishments organoleptic indicators of quality and quantity of flower decorative production given for research, the expert checks conformity of this production to requirements of normative and technical documents. Requirements to quality of flower production are normalised by standards depending on production kind – cutf lowers, pottery blossoming plants, pottery decorative sheet plants, sprouts of flower decorative production, planting material, seeds of flower ornamental plants. At carrying out merchandising researches of flower decorative production, plants and saplings it’s necessary for merchandising experts to pay special attention on definition of quality indicators and a grade of plants according to standards, and also to consider data concerning age of a plant, novelty of a grade and origin country of production.

Smart Homes to Support Elderly People

2010 ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna D’Ulizia ◽  
Fernando Ferri ◽  
Patrizia Grifoni ◽  
Tiziana Guzzo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
Reminder Systems ◽  
Energy Control ◽  
Aging Society ◽  
Safety Systems

Today the biggest challenge of our aging society is to enable people with impairments to have a better quality of life maintaining their independence. The chapter explores how technology can support elderly and disabled people in their home. Firstly, a classification of Smart Home Systems in Safety systems, Environmental control systems, Energy-control-systems, Reminder systems, Medication Dispensing systems, Communication and Entertainment systems is presented. For each of these systems some examples of different technological solutions presented in the literature are described. Moreover, an analysis of social and economic impacts of the use of these technologies on the society is presented. Finally, some studies about the perception and acceptance of these technologies by user are given.

scholarly journals Scientifically substantiated definition of quality optimum parameters for surface layer low-rigid shafts at centrifugal runningin

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
С. Зайдес ◽  
S. Zaides ◽  
А. Горбунов ◽  
A. Gorbunov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cold Hardening ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
A Value ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Definition Of

A surface layer and a cold-hardening depth as basic parameters ensuring quality of low-rigid shafts are analyzed. A value of an interference area depending on a grain size which is a criterion for the definition of strengthened layer depth is established. The experimental results on the definition of quality basic parameters for a surface layer at the strengthening for the depth of an interference area are shown.

scholarly journals Assessing the quality of higher education:

Dixi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Oleg Bululukov ◽  
Anatolii Dmitrievich Marushev ◽  
Ivan Vladimirovich Kubariev ◽  
Inesa Anatoliivna Shumilo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Experts

Introduction: For the educational world to achieve its existence and taste of creation and existence, there is always that need to promote and expect quality education, and this can only be realized through the analysis of its basic concept and formalities put in place. It is in this lane that an article and research is considered necessary. Purpose: To recognize the undeniable importance of creating a reliable and transparent system of accreditation of educational institutions, the introduction of an independent system of education quality assessment, by the way of scientific analysis and comparison. The subject matter of the article consists in the concepts and forms of the quality of higher education. Methodology: Based on the analysis of scientific points of view, the authors have suggested their own definition of the concepts of “quality of higher education” and “form of assessing the quality”. The classification of forms of assessing the quality of education has been provided and its procedural forms have been defined. Conclusions: The authors have formulated propositions for improving the accreditation process in Ukraine. It has been noted that the issues related to the process of providing education in Ukraine are currently under close attention of both state authorities and international experts and public organizations.

scholarly journals Assessing interobserver variability and accuracy in the histological diagnosis and classification of cutaneous neurofibromass

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i117-i123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ortonne ◽  
Steven L Carroll ◽  
Fausto J Rodriguez ◽  
Douglas C Miller ◽  
Rosalynn M Nazarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interobserver Agreement ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cutaneous Neurofibromas ◽  
Strong Agreement

Abstract Background Cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs) are the most common tumors in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and are associated with reduced quality of life. There is currently no widely accepted standardized language for describing cNFs clinically or histopathologically. The objective of this study was to evaluate interobserver agreement across pathologists in describing and reporting of neurofibromas involving the skin. Methods Twenty-eight (H&E)-stained slides of cNF were scanned using an Aperio XT scanner. The digital images were reviewed by 6 pathologists, who entered free text of up to a 200 word description for each case into a REDcap database. Responses were analyzed for the most commonly used terms based on frequency, as well as agreement (reported as concordance) between reviewers. Results A set of the terms most commonly used by pathologists for the histological classification of cNF along with areas of agreement and disagreement have been identified. The study shows that there was strong agreement across reviewers that not all neurofibromas involving the skin are cutaneous neurofibromas and regarding the presence or absence of atypical features and heterologous elements. Areas of less concordance were identified and include cNF subtypes, definition of extension and pattern of growth, as well as the distinction of a cNF from a plexiform without an intraneural component involving skin. Conclusions This work is the first step towards development of a robust classification system and devising “gold standard” histopathologic diagnostic criteria for cutaneous neurofibromas.

The concept of “political design”: content and key approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Mikhail Valer'evich Gorbachev
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Technological Assessment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Design

Design is one of the most popular instruments for administration of policy in different fields and spheres. This is reinforced by creation, implementation, and support of numerous political projects of the local, regional, national, and global levels. At the same time, design and fulfillment of various political projects is complicated by the absence of sound understanding of the content and main approaches towards the key concept of project activity — “political design”. The modern social-humanistic scientific literature has formed explicit approaches towards understanding the stages of political design, the actors of project activity in the political sphere, resources of political design, criteria for the effective implementation of political projects, classification of political projects. However, the very concept of “political design” remains polemical. Its content is saturated with different meanings, which subsequently complicates the study of other aspects and vectors of project activity in the political sphere. This article aims to summarize the main approaches towards elucidation of the concept of “political design”, outline its key parameters, and formulate the relevant definition. Methodological framework for this article is comprised of the theoretical principles of the project approach towards interpretation of politics. The author provides the original definition of the concept of “political design”, systematizes the main approaches towards explanation of its structure and content, offers the socio-technological assessment of the key parameters of modern political projects, and develops additional grounds for their classification. The article identifies and compares the procedural, administrative, pragmatic, organizational, sociocultural, historical, and innovative models of project activity in politics, describes their heuristic capabilities and conceptual boundaries. The author also develops the criteria for assessing the quality of project activities in politics, and correlates them with the basic models of modern political design.

Typology of life quality and statistical measurement

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Borys
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Content ◽  
Definition Of

The article presents the importance of research on quality of life, the general concept of this category and criteria for the classification of generating important typologies quality of life, the description of which is the core content of the article. The article is development of the ideas and proposals put forward in earlier publications of the author. The added value of this work lies primarily in identifying two tendencies in discussions on the terminology of life quality and derived concepts. An attempt was made to determine the general concept of life quality, taking into account the proposed definition of axiological ground. Also typology classification criteria of quality were grouped for those that are disclosed axiology and those with hidden axiology. The study also presents some problems with measuring the quality of life within particular its classifications.

scholarly journals Use of rating assessment of financial and economic operation effectiveness of the JSC “RZD” branches

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 366-371
Author(s):  
P. A. Shanchenko ◽  
K. O. Vinnikova ◽  
E. V. Ershova ◽  
I. N. Lenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Economic Operation ◽  
Vector Orientation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development

Rating is one of the methods of economic analysis used for comparative assessment of effectiveness of production and economic operation of the organizational structures in different branches of economy. Rating assessment of railways is used in JSC “RZD” since 2018 for objective assessment of economic and financial sustainability and effectiveness of management of structural divisions (branches). Methods of rating assessment adapted for structural divisions of JSC “RZD” with regard to the specificity of their operation are examined in the work.Main objectives of establishing the rating assessment system of financial and economic operation of the JSC “RZD” branches are examined, detailed rating classification is presented.Basic principles are developed for establishing the rating assessment system of operation effectiveness of the deputies of the JSC “RZD” branches heads in terms of financial and economic operation, as well as classification of indicators of financial and economic operation of the JSC “RZD” branches by types of operation with definition of their vector orientation.The following conclusions are made: 1. Presented rating assessment is an indicator of the quality of financial and economic operation management of the JSC “RZD” branches. 2. Use of rating assessment for results analysis is relevant for motivation of the management in charge for economic operations. 3. Further development of the rating assessment system consists in establishing the events classifier and optimization of the current expenses.

scholarly journals THE NATURE OF SHADOW DIGITAL ECONOMICS

MEST Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
Serghei Ohrimenco ◽  
Grigori Borta
Keyword(s):  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Digital Economics

The purpose of this paper is to analyze, discuss, and develop a study of world universal digitalization processes as well as challenges and threats, and develop an approach to defining the shadow digital economy. Along with huge innovative achievements, digitalization processes are accompanied by the formation of a digital economy and the growth of illegal activities. Digital economy implies total globalization, creates an ultra-high competitive environment, provides a new quality of life, business, and public services. At the same time, many traditional areas of activity are being destroyed. In addition to understandable achievements, it is necessary to analyze new obvious and hidden threats that digitalization processes carry. The analysis shows the causes and factors of the emergence and functioning of the new segment in the shadow economy. The approaches to the definition of this category and its content are discussed. A classification of criminal-oriented products and services that are the basis of a highly profitable illegal business has been proposed. The problem of confrontation with Shadow Digital Economics acquires particular urgency in the face of the emergence of new overt and hidden threats to the individuals, society, and the state. The main components of the digitalization process are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the development of shadow digitalization processes and the formation of a shadow digital economy, which is directly related to cybersecurity.

scholarly journals Classification of Structure Defects of Metal Matrix Castings with Saturated Reinforcement

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
K. Gawdzińska ◽  
D. Nagolska ◽  
M. Szweycerb
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Ferrous Alloys ◽  
Structure Defects ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Definition of a composite [1] describes an ideal composite material with perfect structure. In real composite materials, structure is usually imperfect - composites contain various types of defects [2, 3-5], especially as the casted composites are of concern. The reason for this is a specific structure of castings, related to course of the manufacturing process. In case of metal matrix composite castings, especially regarding these manufactured by saturation, there is no classification of these defects [2, 4]. Classification of defects in castings of classic materials (cast iron, cast steel, non-ferrous alloys) is insufficient and requires completion of specific defects of mentioned materials. This problem (noted during manufacturing metal matrix composite castings with saturated reinforcement in Institute of Basic Technical Sciences of Maritime University Szczecin) has become a reason of starting work aimed at creating such classification. As a result, this paper was prepared. It can contribute to improvement of quality of studied materials and, as a consequence, improve the environment protection level.

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