scholarly journals Algorithm of rations calculation of animals feeding and areas of green crops sowing

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (92) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
B. Kozij ◽  
O. Stepanjuk
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tabular Data ◽  
Average Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Standard Information ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The most important factor of realization of genetic potential of animals is  a  valuable feeding.  Considerable attention is today spared to this problem and are conducted many researches of the rationssent to perfection of structure taking into account the physiological features of animals digestion. The process of rations calculation of animals feeding includes the need in public work with plenty of certificate information: by tabular data about content of nutritives, macro- and microelements, vitamins in each type of feed, by the results of lab tests of forage, requirements in the nutritives of animals of different sexual-age-old groups. Work is considerably simplified, if all this information is kept in memory  of computer as a corresponding base. A  standard database contains certificate information about the content of nutritives, macro- and microelements, vitamins, and other in every type of feed in accordance with average data for a corresponding region or zone of agriculture. Such information is conditionally-permanent, as properties of soil and natural and climatic conditions for a concrete region change very slowly. At the rations calculation of agricultural animals feeding and poultry bird it is necessary to have operative information about the real content in corresponding forage all those substances after that there will be a balanced ration. Depending on weather conditions the quality of the used seed, amount and added fertilizer conditions and expiration of forage date the real content of nutritives in every  feed candiffer from a standard for this region. So before of calculations, it is necessary to amend changes in the table of  database that will be directly used in calculations. With the aim of maintenance of standard information such calculations should be performed with the use of some copy of standard database in which should make such changes. An algorithm is offered for realization of calculation of rations of feeding of agricultural animals together with determination of areas of sowing of corresponding greencrops on the basis of the worked out mathematical model but methodology of realization of this algorithm by facilities of tabular processor of Excel.

Effect of pre-utilisation and harvest time on the quantity and quality of fodder on extensive pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bajnok ◽  
L. Szemán ◽  
J. Tasi
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July

No significant studies have yet been reported in Central Europe on the yield and quality of winter harvest pastures. The aim of the research was to collect information about the effect of pre-utilisation (June, July and August) and winter harvest date (November, December, January) on the quantity and quality of fodder from Festuca arundinacea stands. The dry matter, energy, ADF, ADL and ergosterol contents of the yield were examined and it was found that: 1. A shorter regeneration period between harvests resulted in lower dry matter levels, but also in a higher energy concentration and lower ergosterol concentration. 2. The yield and energy concentrations decreased, whereas the ADF, ADL and ergosterol concentrations increased as the winter progressed. 3. Fodder harvested in November produced the best results in terms of yield quantity and quality. The highest yield and energy values were thus achieved by harvesting in November, regardless of pre-utilisation. Despite the cold and the long period of snow cover, the energy values of samples harvested in December and January showed no significant decrease. The weather conditions were more important for fodder quantity and quality than the frequency or date of harvesting. Thus, under the continental climatic conditions in Hungary, extensive utilisation, until late November or early December, is recommended.

The bacterial quality of salad crops drip and furrow irrigated with waste stabilization pond effluent: an evaluation of the who guidelines

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. X. Bastos ◽  
D. D. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Health Organization

Field- and glasshouse-grown lettuces and radishes were drip- and furrow-irrigated with waste stabilization pond effluent and with trickling filter effluent diluted with clean water. Crop contamination levels varied considerably. Under dry weather conditions they were at worst of the orders of 103 and 104E. coli per 100 g (fresh weight) for radishes and lettuces, respectively; salmonellae were always absent. The bacterial quality of experimental lettuces was similar to those of lettuces on sale in local markets. When rainfall occurred E. coli numbers increased and salmonellae were isolated from lettuce surfaces. These results are interpreted as partially, substantiating the current World Health Organization bacteriological guideline for unrestricted wastewater reuse, but suggest the need for further assessment on the variation in crop contamination caused by climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of degree of wheat infestation with Fusarium on its technological quality and safety

2011 ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Elizabet Janic-Hajnal ◽  
Aleksandra Torbica ◽  
Jasna Mastilovic
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Test Elisa ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Technological Quality

Climatic conditions prior to wheat harvest 2010 were favorable for the development of field molds. The most important wheat contamination that should be determined is the presence and frequency of grain lots infected with Fusarium. This paper presents the results of content of fusarious kernels found in samples collected from all wheat growing regions of Serbia. Investigations were performed according to the regulations which foresee sensory determination of content of infected kernels. Determined average content of fusarious kernels was 6.01%, varying in range from 0% to 29.65 %. The obtained results, which exceeded the upper limits of permitted contents defined by national and EU regulations, pointed to the need for investigation of presence of Fusarium metabolic products, i.e. mycotoxins (zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxinivalenol (DON)) in wheat. Mycotoxin content was determined in average wheat samples and in wheat samples with increased content of fusarious kernels. Direct enzymatic immunoaffinity test (ELISA) was applied for determination of mycotoxin content. Although high content of fusarious kernels characterizes wheat crop in 2010, the determined quantities of two investigated mycotoxins did not exceed maximal permitted content. Consequences of unfavorable quantity and structure of total impurities in wheat crop in 2010 reflect decreased commercial and technological quality of wheat and point out to the need of necessary wheat safety control.

scholarly journals The relationship of agroclimatic factors and the yield of potato varieties in the conditions of the near Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS

scholarly journals Quality of self-propelled sprayers through periodic inspection

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Antonio Luiz Viegas Neto ◽  
Cristiano Márcio Alves de Souza ◽  
Matheus Marques Miliati ◽  
Izidro Dos Santos Lima Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Periodic Inspection ◽  
Performance Conditions ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Phytosanitary Products ◽  
The Ideal

The inspection of agricultural sprayers is a vital tool for the increment of quality of spray technology for phytosanitary products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance conditions of self-propelled sprayers on-farm, using the periodical inspection methodology for sprays and analyzing the climatic conditions during the spraying. The evaluations were carried on farms visited randomly. A questionnaire was filled out by the operator or farmers and the inspection itself of the sprayers. The items evaluated were the condition and location of hoses, presence of leaks, monitor performance, spacing between nozzles, spray nozzles, in-line filter, primary filter, the performance of anti-dripping gauges, and limiting environmental conditions. Most interviewed operators and farmers did not know the methodology for inspecting agricultural sprayers, demonstrating the need to create specific training programs in the region. Self-propelled sprayers have a few technical problems when they were new, however, spraying beyond the ideal weather conditions can reduce the spraying quality.

scholarly journals The Most Important Fungal Diseases of Cereals—Problems and Possible Solutions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Marcin Różewicz ◽  
Marta Wyzińska ◽  
Jerzy Grabiński
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Cereal Yields

The level of cereal yields and the quality of these yields depend, to a large extent, on a crop management system, the genetic potential of a given cultivar, but also on factors that may cause damage to plants or a reduction in yield. Such factors include fungal diseases of cereals, which may cause a reduction in yield by 15–20%, and in extreme cases even by 60%. The main factors determining the occurrence of these pathogens are the weather conditions during the growing season of plants, crop rotation, the previous crop, the soil tillage system, and nitrogen fertilisation. Fungal diseases of cereals limit plant growth and development, as well as reduce grain yield and quality. This paper reviews the literature on fungal diseases of cereals.

Optimal thickness of various insulation materials for different temperature conditions and heat sources in terms of economic aspect

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Orzechowski ◽  
Mateusz Orzechowski
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
Insulation Thickness ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Local Weather

The article presents the methodology for calculating the optimal insulation thickness that is related to the quality of energy supply and fuel prices. Assuming that the total cost following renovation is the sum of the costs of heating and thermal upgrading, it was shown that when calculating the optimal insulation thickness, the thermal resistance of the outer walls should be taken into account. Such calculations, in addition to the characteristics of the heat source, should be carried out taking into account local weather conditions. The study presents the results of such calculations for the building heated with gas and the air-source heat pump. The results of the investigations are referred to the mean climatic conditions recorded in the last 10 years. It was found that for thermal upgrading with the use of foamed polystyrene having the optimum thickness, total investment costs are almost the same, regardless of polystyrene thermal properties. The same also refers to energy costs. The article also provides sample calculations for plaster, the main ingredient of which is perlite. In the case of internal thermal upgrading of the historic buildings, such isolation is recommended in order to prevent moisture problems inside the envelope.

scholarly journals The results of using mineral fertilizers of new generation in the vineyards of Crimea in stress weather conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
П.А. Диденко ◽  
Е.С. Галкина ◽  
К.Ф. Зарипова ◽  
В.Н. Шапоренко ◽  
В.В. Андреев
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
New Generation

В стрессовых погодных условиях применение минеральных удобрений при внекорневых подкормках оказывает существенное влияние на рост и развитие виноградных растений, способствует повышению урожайности и улучшению качества продукции (содержание сахаров, титруемых кислот, фенольных веществ, витаминов, сохранности продукции и т.д.). В статье приводятся результаты исследований по изучению влияния органического удобрения природного происхождения Изабион на продуктивность и качество урожая винограда технических сортов Алиготе, Бастардо магарачский и Шардоне в почвенно-климатических условиях Юго-западной виноградарской зоны Крыма. В ходе проведения исследований установлено, что применение изучаемого удобрения способствует повышению средней массы грозди на 15,8-40 г, урожая с куста - на 0,8-1,4 кг и урожайности винограда - на 1,8-2,9 т/га в сравнении с контролями. Экспериментально определено, что опытные обработки привели к существенному увеличению средней длины побегов в среднем на 7,7 % и прироста вегетативной массы на 11,8 %. На фоне применения исследуемых систем питания отмечено увеличение концентрации сахаров в соке ягод на 11-18 г/дм(5,7-12,1 %). При расчете экономической эффективности технологии выращивания технического сорта винограда Алиготе установлено, что двукратная внекорневая подкормка минеральным удобрением Изабион снижает фактическую себестоимость произведенной продукции в среднем на 19,7 % и повышает рентабельность производства на 39,5 %. Using of mineral fertilizers in foliar dressing in stress weather conditions significantly effects growth and development of grape plants, promotes an increase in cropping capacity and product quality (content of sugars, titratable acids, phenolic substances, vitamins, product safe-keeping, etc.). The article presents the results of studies on the effect of natural organic fertilizer Isabion on the productivity and quality of grape yield of wine varieties ‘Aligote’, ‘Bastardo Magarachskiy’ and ‘Chardonnay’ in the soil and climatic conditions of the South-West viticultural zone of Crimea. In the course of the research it was found that using of the studied fertilizer contributed to an increase in the average bunch weight by 15.8-40 g, the yield per bush - by 0.8-1.4 kg, and the cropping capacity of grapes - by 1.8-2.9 t/ha in comparison with controls. It was experimentally determined that test applications have led to a significant increase in the average shoot length by 7.7% and in the green matter by 11.8%. Against the background of using the studied food systems, an increase in the concentration of sugars in the juice of berries by 11-18 g/dm (5.7-12.1%) was registered. When calculating the economic efficiency of wine grape variety ‘Aligote’ growing practice it was found that double foliar dressing with Isabion mineral fertilizer reduced actual cost of production by an average of 19.7% and increased profitability of production by 39.5%.

scholarly journals Variability of the Essential Oil Content and Composition of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) affected by Weather Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Gosztola ◽  
Szilvia Sárosi ◽  
Έva Németh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Matricaria Recutita ◽  
Genetic Potential

In our study we examined the variability of the essential oil content and composition of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) during three years (2005-2007). Twenty-eight populations of wild origin and 4 registered cultivars (‘Soroksári 40’, ‘Lutea’, ‘Goral’ and ‘Bona’) were evaluated in open field experiments. It could be established that the experimental populations represented different genetic potential for essential oil accumulation and composition. The best populations of wild growing origin from the Somogy-region and four cultivars produced the highest essential oil contents (above 0.6 g/100g) in each year. Additionally, the quality of the characteristic main compound of the oil determining the “chemotype “, according to Schilcher, was found to be stable during the three years period. However, the actual chemosyndroms are significantly influenced by the weather conditions. In the three years’ experiment, the moderately warm and relatively wet year of 2006 produced the highest contents of essential oil and also that of its α-bisabolol component. Although bisabolol oxide A also showed a high variability through the years, its direct connection with weather conditions could not be proved. A moderate variability was established for the proportions of chamazulene, and the lowest one for bisabolol-oxide B. Considerable genotype-weather interaction was supposed, especially for the essential oil content and for the ratio of bisabolol-oxide A.

scholarly journals Determination of 1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) in Leaves of Italian or Italy-Adapted Cultivars of Mulberry (Morus sp.pl.) by HPLC-MS

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1553
Author(s):  
Lucia Marchetti ◽  
Alessio Saviane ◽  
Antonella dalla Montà ◽  
Graziella Paglia ◽  
Federica Pellati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Far Eastern

Recently, 1-DNJ has been widely studied by scientists for its capacity to inhibit α-glucosidase and reduce postprandial blood glucose and fat accumulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analytical determination of 1-DNJ in Morus sp.pl. leaves carried out on Italian crops, and it could be used as a reference to assess the quality of the plant material in comparison to Far Eastern Asia cultivations. The effects of two thermal treatments were compared to test the incidence of the drying process on the 1-DNJ extractability. In addition, two harvesting seasons in the same year (2017) and two subsequent harvesting years (2017–2018) were considered. The amount of 1-DNJ herein found was comparable to that reported in the scientific literature for Asian cultivations. The increase in 1-DNJ along the summer and the higher level of this compound in the apical leaves also complies with previous findings. However, a strong implication for the climatic conditions in the different years and a significant interaction between climate and genotypes suggest exploring very carefully the agronomic practices and selecting cultivars according to different environmental conditions with a view to standardize the 1-DNJ amount in leaves.

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