THE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Syzygium cumini LEAVES ON THE GROWTH OF Streptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Suzanna Sungkar ◽  
Tetiana Haniastuti ◽  
Al Supartinah Santoso ◽  
Dewi Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Molar ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Streptococcus mutans plays an important role in the pathogenesis of caries. This bacteria has virulence properties involve in the formation of biofilm on tooth surface. Due to its antibacterial effect, Jamblang leaf may be used as an agent to prevent caries. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of ethanolic extract of Jamblang leaves on the growth of S. mutans. Methods: Analysis of active compounds was carried out using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrography (LC-MS). Samples of S. mutans were isolated from children’s carious deciduous molar teeth. Growth test was done by dilusion technique. Aquadest was used as a negative control. Results: TLC and LC-MS showed the presence of the flavonoid, tannin, and terpenoid Kruskall-Wallis test showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the groups, indicating that Jamblang leaves ethanolic extract decreased the growth of S.mutans. The higher concentrations of the extract, the less number of S.mutans colonies grown. No colony of S. mutans at 22.5% of extract’s concentration. Conclusion: Jamblang leaves ethanolic extract reduces the growth of             S. mutans. Concentration of 22.5%Jamblang leaves ethanolic extracthas bacteriocid effect. Key words: Ethanolic extract of Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) leaves, growth, Streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect of Juglans Regia Bark against Oral Pathologic Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faramarz Zakavi ◽  
Leila Golpasand Hagh ◽  
Arash Daraeighadikolaei ◽  
Ahmad Farajzadeh Sheikh ◽  
Arsham Daraeighadikolaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

Background. In this study antimicrobial effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Juglans regia bark in Iran was evaluated on four different oral bacteria,Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus salivarius,Streptococcus sanguis, andStaphylococcus aureus.Methods. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Juglans regia bark were prepared by using disk diffusion technique and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) methods. Tetracycline 30 μg and Erythromycin 15 μg were used as positive control and water as negative control in disk diffusion and MIC methods. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test.Results. The results showed thatS. sanguisandS. mutanswere the most sensitive and the most resistant bacteria against ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. Ethanolic extract had significant antibacterial effect against all tested bacteria. Aqueous extract did not show antibacterial effect onS. mutans, in contrast to ethanolic extract. Aqueous extract had significantly antibacterial effect againstStaphylococcus aureus,S. salivarius, andS. sanguiscompared to control (P<0.0001), but it did not show effect onS. mutanswhen compared with Erythromycin. According to the obtained MIC values, ethanol extract of Juglans regia bark had the lowest rate.Conclusion. The results may provide the basis for using natural antimicrobial substance for oral hygiene prophylaxis purposes.

scholarly journals Antibacterial effect of clove (Eugenia aromaticum) oil extracted from clove cigarettes towards Streptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alif Wazir Jumali ◽  
Mieke Hemiawati Satari ◽  
Warta Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Oil Extract

Streptococcus mutans is a commensal bacteria of the oral cavity, particularly found in dental plaque attached to the tooth surface, and can also found in the saliva, buccal mucosa, tongue, and the gingival sulcus. Clove cigarette contains the clove oil used worldwide as a herbal remedy for a variety of health disorders due to its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. The purpose of this study was to determined the antibacterial effect of the clove oil contained in the clove cigarette towards Streptococcus mutans as a cariogenic bacteria. The research was an experimental laboratory, which tested the sensitivity of the Streptococcus mutans bacteria taken from the saliva of 10 clove cigarette smokers towards the clove oil extract of the clove cigarette in-vitro by using the Kirby-Bauer method. The study showed that the clove oil extract of the clove cigarette which contained eugenol has antibacterial towards the growth of Streptococcus mutans, and there was a difference of the antibacterial activity between clove oil extracted from minced and combusted clove cigarette. The conclusion of this study was the clove oil extracted from minced clove cigarette had a better antibacterial effect than the combusted clove cigarette.

scholarly journals AN INVITRO COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTICANDIDAL HERBS (GINGER & TURMERIC) ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bafna Harshal P ◽  
Lunawat Sadhana R ◽  
Vathar Jagdishchandra ◽  
Kalantharakath Thanveer ◽  
Ricky Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Inert Solvent

Aim: To comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial effect of turmeric and ginger extracts on Streptococcus mutans in in-vitro conditions. Material & Method: An in-vitro experimental study was conducted in a laboratory setting. Ethanolic extract of Ginger and Turmeric was prepared separately by cold masseration technique. The extract of each was then diluted with an inert solvent, Dimethyl Formamide, to obtain 5 different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) of each. 0.2% chlorhexidine was used as a positive control and dimethyl formamide was used as negative control. The different extracts, along with controls, were then subjected to microbiological investigation to determine which gave a wider zone of inhibition against streptococcus mutans. The zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results: Turmeric extracts presented the largest zone of inhibition 33mm at the concentration of 8%, while Ginger extract showed a zone of inhibition of 34mm at the concentration of 10%. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Turmeric demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Strptococcus Mutans at a lower concentration than that of Ginger. Keywords: Ginger, Turmeric, Streptococcus Mutans.

scholarly journals Avaliação in vitro da Atividade Antimicrobiana de Extrato Alcoólico de Própolis Comparado à Solução de Clorexidina 0,12%

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Maria Paula Jacobucci Botelho ◽  
Amanda Da Silva ◽  
Fernanda Da Conceição Antônio Ferreira ◽  
Lígia Maria Molinari Capel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates ◽  
Broad Understanding

Apesar dos esforços e do amplo entendimento sobre a cárie dental, está continua bastante prevalente em determinados segmentos da população. A doença apresenta etiologia multifatorial, com a dieta e os micro-organismos envolvidos desenvolvendo papéis fundamentais. Os Streptococcus mutans têm papel fundamental em seu início e é ubíquo em crianças a partir dos sete anos de idade. Para controlar essas bactérias é preciso uma dieta com baixo consumo de sacarose e de carboidratos fermentáveis, o que nem sempre se consegue. Sua remoção da superfície dentária só é possível por meio da fricção mecânica, mas pode-se prevenir sua presença no biofilme dentário através da utilização de antissépticos. O mais utilizado na Odontologia é a clorexidina, porém como não é isenta de efeitos adversos, atualmente, vêm-se estudando produtos alternativos, dentre os quais alguns agentes fitoterápicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a atividade da própolis contra os S. mutans em relação à clorexidina. Foi analisada própolis 70% diluída em álcool 96% e após diluída em água potável 5ml, própolis 50%, própolis 12% e clorexidina 0,12% (controle positivo), e solução salina (controle negativo). O operador foi cego em relação às substâncias que estava utilizando. Somente a clorexidina 0.12% e a própolis 12% apresentaram halo de inibição claro. Neste estudo, a clorexidina apresentou melhor atividade contra os S.mutans.Palavras-chave: Clorexidina. Cárie Dentária. Streptococcus mutans.AbstractDespite the efforts and the broad understanding on dental caries, it is still quite prevalent in certain segments of the population. The disease shows a multifactorial etiology, with diet and microorganisms involved developing fundamental roles. The Streptococcus mutans has key role in its beginning and is ubiquitous in children as young as seven years of age. To control these bacteria a diet is necessary with low consumption of sucrose and of fermentable carbohydrates, which is not always possible. The tooth surface removal is only possible through mechanical friction, but it is possible to prevent the presence of dental biofilm through the use of antiseptics. The most widely used in dentistry is chlorhexidine, however as it is not devoid of adverse effects, currently alternative products have been studying, among which some herbal agents. The aim of this study was to analyze the activity of propolis against S. mutans compared to chlorhexidine. Propolis was analyzed diluted in 70% ethanol 96% and further diluted in drinking water 5ml, 50% propolis, propolis 12% and 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control), and saline (negative control). The operator was blinded for the substances he was using. Only 0.12% chlorhexidine and 12% propolis showed clear inhibition halo. In this study the chlorhexidine presented better activity against S. mutans.Keywords: Chlorhexidine. Dental Caries. Antimicrobials. Streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum Linn) terhadap Penurunan Jumlah Koloni Streptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Kholisa Kholisa ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Sri Hernawati
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Plaque Ph

Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that initiates the formation of plaque on the tooth surface. S. mutans works by fermenting carbohydrates to produce an acidic atmosphere, so the plaque pH becomes low, this condition can lead to demineralization of enamel and dentin commonly called caries. One of alternative treatment to reduce the population of S. mutans by using herbal plants, namely red pomegranate. Red pomegranate contains flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids as antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the inhibition of red pomegranate extract on growth of S. mutans. The method used is by counting the number of S. mutans using a colony counter. This method with 4 samples in each study group. The study group consists of 4 treatment groups (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% red pomegranate extract), positive control group (chlorhexidine), and negative control group (sterile aquades). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney test. Red pomegranate extract has the ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans. The concentration of red pomegranate extract that has the greatest inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth is 100%. Keyword: Antibacterial, Streptococcus mutans, caries, red pomegranate fruit extract

scholarly journals Susceptibility ofPorphyromonas gingivalisandStreptococcus mutansto Antibacterial Effect fromMammea americana

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Herrera Herrera ◽  
Luis Franco Ospina ◽  
Luis Fang ◽  
Antonio Díaz Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Two Phases

The development of periodontal disease and dental caries is influenced by several factors, such as microorganisms of bacterial biofilm or commensal bacteria in the mouth. These microorganisms trigger inflammatory and immune responses in the host. Currently, medicinal plants are treatment options for these oral diseases.Mammea americanaextracts have reported antimicrobial effects against several microorganisms. Nevertheless, this effect is unknown against oral bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect ofM. americanaextract againstPorphyromonas gingivalisandStreptococcus mutans. For this, an experimental study was conducted. Ethanolic extract was obtained from seeds ofM. americana(one oil phase and one ethanolic phase). The strains ofPorphyromonas gingivalisATCC 33277 andStreptococcus mutansATCC 25175 were exposed to this extract to evaluate its antibacterial effect. Antibacterial activity was observed with the two phases ofM. americanaextract onP. gingivalisandS. mutanswith lower MICs (minimum inhibitory concentration). Also, bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity was detected againstS. mutans, depending on the concentration of the extract, while onM. americanaextract presented only bacteriostatic activity againstP. gingivalis. These findings provide important and promising information allowing for further exploration in the future.

Susceptibility of animal pathogenic bacteria to an ethanolic extract from jambolan (Syzygium cumini) leaves

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL Magalhães ◽  
G Melo ◽  
N Gabriel ◽  
G Gabas ◽  
G Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Syzygium Cumini

Gastrointestinal Protective Effect of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd Leaf Extract Against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH Induced Ulcers

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Shweta Jain ◽  
Sourabh Jain ◽  
Nagendra S. Chauhan ◽  
Ankur Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Western India ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
North Western

Background: Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. (Rhamnaceae) is a straggling shrub or a small tree, armed with spines, found throughout north western India, Pakistan and China. Methods: The aerial and root barks, leaves and fruits of Zizyphus species are used in medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as weakness, liver complaints, obesity, diabetes, skin infections, fever, diarrhea, insomnia and digestive disorders. Ethanolic extract of leaves of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd was prepared by solvent extraction and subjected to study the protective effect against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH induced ulcer using Ranitidine (100 mg/kg) and Omeprazole (8 mg/kg) as standard respectively. Results: Histopathological lesions with marked disorientation of the gastric epithelium was observed in negative control, while extract treated rats showed a better protected mucosa with intact epithelium in comparison to standard treated rats. Ulcer index and percentage ulcer protection also represent protecting effects of the extract. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Z. xylopyrus (Retz) Willd leaves extract was found to be significantly protective against gastric ulcers.

scholarly journals A Concise Review of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Oral Biofilm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3232
Author(s):  
Jingyang Zhang ◽  
Sofiya-Roksolana Got ◽  
Iris Xiaoxue Yin ◽  
Edward Chin-Man Lo ◽  
Chun-Hung Chu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Oral Biofilm ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride

Studies have shown that silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is an effective agent to arrest and prevent dental caries due to its mineralizing and antibacterial properties. While plenty of studies have investigated the mineralizing properties, there are few papers that have examined its antibacterial effect on oral biofilm. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of silver diamine fluoride on oral biofilm. Method: The keywords used were (silver diamine fluoride OR silver diammine fluoride OR SDF OR silver fluoride OR AgF AND biofilm OR plaque). Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts and then retrieved the full text of the potentially eligible publications. Publications of original research investigating the effect of SDF on oral biofilm were selected for this review. Results: This review included 15 laboratory studies and six clinical studies among the 540 papers identified. The laboratory studies found that SDF could prevent bacterial adhesion to the tooth surface. SDF also inhibited the growth of cariogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Enterococcus faecalis, thus contributing to its success in caries arrest. One clinical study reported a decrease in Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus sp. in arrested caries after SDF treatment, and another clinical study found that SDF inhibited the growth of periodontitis microbiota, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens. However, three clinical studies reported no significant change in the microbial diversity of the plaque on the tooth after SDF treatment. Moreover, one laboratory study and one clinical research study reported that SDF inhibited the growth of Candida albicans. Conclusion: Not many research studies have investigated the effects of SDF on oral biofilm, although SDF has been used as a caries-arresting agent with antibacterial properties. However, a few publications have reported that SDF prevented bacterial adhesion to the teeth, inhibited the growth of cariogenic and periodontal bacteria, and possessed antifungal properties.

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