scholarly journals High Level of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α is a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G.N. Anom
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Average Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Α Level

Objective: To define that elevated TNF-α serum level was the risk factor of preeclampsia in pregnancy. Method: This research is a case-control study. From 56 pregnant women, there are 28 women with preeclampsia and the other 28 women with normal pregnancy. Then the serum level of TNF-α was obtained at Prodia’s clinical Laboratory Denpasar. Data’s normality test was done with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, then an analysis of data was done with Independent Sample Test, predictive value a = 0.05. To define the role of TNF-α level in preeclampsia, Chi-Square test was chosen. Result: From this research we found the average level of TNF-α in preeclampsia (6.64 ± 7.64 pg/ml) was higher than in normal pregnancy (2.42 ± 1.77 pg/ml). Analysis with t-independent test shows that the t-value was 2.85 and p-value was 0.006, which means that the average level of TNF-α between the two group was significantly different (with predictive value, p

scholarly journals Total cholesterol and HDL cholestrol as risk factor of prediabetes and diabetes in palembang city

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Gresi Elyantari ◽  
Suryadi Tjekyan ◽  
Novrikasari Novrikasari ◽  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain ◽  
Rostika Flora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Biomedical Measurement

This study aims to determining the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes with total cholesterol and HDL as risk factor for the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes in the Palembang city. The research design was used by crossectional with 329 respondent, data was conducted by home visit and biomedical measurement of blood sugar and total cholesterol. The data were analyzed using chi-square. The results of the study showed that the incidence of pre-diabetes 19,8% and the incidence of diabetes14%. There was a significant relationship between total cholesterol and the incidence of prediabetes(p value= 0.003) and diabetes (0,137). the increasing of total cholesterol levels can be an early predictor of pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Prediabetes can increase the absolute risk to diabetes. by knowing lipid profile as risk factor of pre-diabetes, early prevention program can be conducted to decrease the diabetes incidence.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN MALARIA DENGAN TNF-α DAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincente L. Pranata ◽  
Joice N. A. Engka ◽  
Nelly Mayulu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The World ◽  
Α Level

Abstract: As an infectious transmitted disease, malaria has been a tremendous health problem around the world. Indonesia is determined as one of the 104 malaria-endemic countries in the world. Pregnant women are easier infected by malaria compared with the general population. People suffered from malaria may have low haemoglobin and high TNF-α levels. The increased TNF α level may cause bad complication or mortality in malaria patient. This study aimed to determine the levels of hemoglobin and TNF-α among pregnant woman with malaria in Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. This was a cross-sectional study. Samples were obtained by using purposive sampling method. Besides using questionnaire, there were three laboratory tests conducted in this study: peripheral blood smear with Giemsa staining for detection of plasmodia; hemoglobin level with rapid test hemoglobin; and TNF-α level with ELISA. The bivariate analysis showed that of 72 pregnant women there was only one (1.4%) with positive malaria and increased TNF-α level. There was no pregnant woman with malaria had low hemoglobin level. The chi square test showed a P value 1,00 (α = 0,05). Conclusion: There was no relation between plasmodium infection and the levels of TNF α and hemoglobin among pregnant women in Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara.Keywords: hemoglobin, TNF-α, malaria, pregnant womanAbstrak: Malaria merupakan penyakit menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di dunia. Indonesia merupakan salah satu dari 104 negara yang termasuk negara endemis malaria. Wanita hamil lebih mudah terinfeksi malaria dibandingkan populasi umumnya. Malaria dapat menyebabkan penurunan kadar hemoglobin dan peningkatan kadar TNF-α. Peningkatan kadar TNF-α dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi berat bahkan kematian pada penderita malaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar TNF-α dan hemoglobin pada ibu hamil dengan malaria di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. Sampel diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling. Selain kuesioner juga digunakan pemeriksaan laboratorium yaitu hapusan darah tepi dengan pengecatan Giemsa untuk deteksi plasmodium, kadar hemoglobin dengan rapid test hemoglobin, dan kadar TNF-α dengan teknik ELISA. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan dari 72 ibu hamil hanya 1 orang (1,4%) yang positif malaria dengan kadar TNF-α tinggi sedangkan kadar TNF-α yang normal dan positif malaria tidak ada (0,00%). Analisis bivariat memperlihatkan dari 72 sampel ibu hamil ditemukan 1 sampel dengan kadar TNF-α meningkat dan positif malaria. Tidak ditemukan ibu hamil yang terinfeksi malaria dengan kadar hemoglobin rendah. Hasil uji chi square (α = 0,05) menunjukkan nilai P = 1,00. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan infeksi parasit plasmodium dengan kadar TNF-α dan hemoglobin pada ibu hamil di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara.Kata kunci: hemoglobin, TNF-α, malaria, ibu hamil

scholarly journals ROLE OF ULTRASOUND STRAIN ELASTOGRAPHY FOR THE EVALUATION OF BREAST LESIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Deoyani S Sarjare ◽  
Arti Anand ◽  
Soumya Agrawal ◽  
Shanas K. P. ◽  
Sandhya Yeshwante
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
Mammographic Screening ◽  
P Value ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strain Elastography ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Breast Lumps

Introduction: Ultrasound (US) elastography is an emerging technique that can be used during breast US examination. Guidelines recommend mammographic screening and US for diagnosis of breast cancer. The specificity of these techniques is not high enough to prevent unnecessary biopsies. Hence there is need for a more specific technique to overcome this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the value of strain elastography (SE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional observational study over 18 months, 60 women with palpable breast lumps were evaluated with conventional US and SE. Results obtained were correlated with histopathological findings for statistical analysis. Result: A statistically significant correlation was found between SE and histopathological outcome with a p value of 0.03(<0.05). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 76.92% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 76.47% with Chi square= 8.4. Conclusion: Ultrasound with SE can substantially improve the possibility of differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions thereby limiting recourse to biopsy and considerably reducing the number of benign breast biopsy diagnoses.

scholarly journals Hubungan Usia Menarche dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI Angkatan 2013 dan 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Fikriani ◽  
Qomariyah Qomariyah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Age Of Menarche

Girls who undergo early menarche have excess body weight and heightcompared to that experienced normal menarche or late. The prevalenceof early menarche in Indonesia in 2010 was 20,9%. Research conductedby Hyun Ju et al, showed that early menarche is a risk factor for obesityin adulthood. This study aims to investigate the relationship between ageof menarche with body mass index (BMI) at the Faculty of Medicinestudent YARSI force from 2013 to 2014 involving 87 female studentswere willing to become respondents to fill out questionnaires that havebeen provided as well as measuring the height and weight, researchconducted in YARSI in 2016 with cross sectional research methods. Theresults of statistical calculation using the Pearson chi-square test showedthe p value of 0.000 (P value 0.005), which means h0 rejected, thisproves that there is a relationship between the age of menarche withbody mass index in the student of the Faculty of Medicine YARSI force in2013 and 2014. Obesity is a risk factor in children who undergo earlymenarche therefore girls who undergo early menarche should maintain anutritionally balanced diet and exercise regularly.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on prevalence of gastro esophageal reflux disease in regurgitant infant and children with evaluation of IGERQ score

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Elayaraja Kandasamy ◽  
Senthil Kumar Andy
Keyword(s):  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is the most common esophageal disorder in children of all ages. GER becomes pathological when reflux increase in frequency and intensity, associated with esophageal and respiratory symptoms. Thus, the study was determined to assess the prevalence of GERD in regurgitant children of age 6 to 24 months with evaluation of IGERQ score (Infant Gastro Esophageal Reflux Questionnaire).Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in Gastroenterology Department, Institute of child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai from September 2007 to September 2009. 123 regurgitant children of age 6-24 months were enrolled. Clinical examination and validated questionnaire with total score of 25 was used. Data analysis was aided by EPI info programme. Chi square with P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. IGERQ score was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive valve and negative predictive valve.Results: The prevalence of GERD in regurgitant infant and children is 30.8%. Refusal of feeds and poor weight in regurgitant children significantly correlated with GERD. sensitivity was 84%, specificity was 96%, positive predictive value was 91%, negative predictive value was 93%Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis of GERD is sufficient in most instances and a questionnaire may aid in diagnosis the disease. IGERQ score is easily adaptable. IGERQ score >5 has high specificity positive and negative predictive value but reproducibility in our population need further evaluation. 

Abstract 13162: Post-Cardiac Arrest Serum TNF-α Levels Are Associated With Short-Term Survival in a Swine Model of Ventricular Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Youngquist ◽  
Atman Shah ◽  
John Rosborough ◽  
James T Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Α Level

Introduction: Most resuscitated victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who survive to hospital expire due to the post-resuscitation syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by a sepsis-like pro-inflammatory state. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a relationship exists between the rise of TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and early post-arrest survival in a clinically relevant animal model of spontaneous VF. Methods: Mixed-breed Yorkshire swine (n=20), weighing 39 + 5 kg, were anesthetized and catheters placed in the right atrium and left ventricle/ascending aorta for continuous pressure monitoring. VF was induced by occluding the LAD with an angioplasty balloon. After 7 min of untreated VF, ALS resuscitation attempts were made for up to 20 min. Animals achieving ROSC were monitored for 3 hrs and fluid and pressor support was administered as needed. TNF-α levels were measured prior to VF and at 0, 15, and 30 min after ROSC using quantitative sandwich ELISA. Exact logistic regression and binomial proportions were used for analysis. Results: Twelve (60%) animals experienced early death, expiring during the 3-hour post-arrest period (9 PEA, 2 VF, and 1 asystole). The TNF-α level at 15 minutes post-ROSC was significantly associated with death within the first 3 hours post ROSC with a univariate odds ratio (OR) of 1.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.2, p=0.01). Using a cutoff TNF-α level of 525 pg/mL at 15 min post ROSC had 100% negative predictive value (95% CI 0-37%) and 67% positive predictive value (95% CI 35-90%) for early death. Conclusions: The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α increases shortly after ROSC and is predictive of early death. Early identification of resuscitated victims at greatest risk for hemodynamic collapse and recurrent arrest might facilitate the use of early hospital-based interventions to decrease the likelihood of a poor outcome.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN LASERASI PERINEUM PADA KEHAMILAN NORMAL DI RSUD DR. IBNU SOETOWO BATURAJA KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU

Masker Medika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Sabtian Sarwoko
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Perineal Laceration ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Relationship Of

Pendahuluan: Banyak kemungkinan masalah yang muncul pada ibu pasca persalinan salah satunya adalah laserasi perineum. Laserasi perineum dapat menjadi suatu hal yang mengancam jika diikuti dengan perdarahan. Ada beberapa factor yang dapat mengakibatkan laserasi perineum yaitu jarak kehamilan,, berat bayi lahir, dan usia ibu. Tujuan penelitian: ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui factor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan laserasi perineum pada kehamilan normal. Di RS Ibnu Sotowo Baturaja. Metode Penelitian: ini menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu bersalin normal di RSUD dr. Ibnu Soetowo Baturaja Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, dengan sampel pengambilan sampel secara random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 177 responden. yang selanjutnya dilakukan uji statistik Chi-Square, dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian: menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan jarak persalinan dengan kejadian laserasi perineum (p value 0,002), ada hubungan berat badan lahir dengan kejadian laserasi perineum (p value 0,001) serta ada hubungan umur ibu dengan kejadian laserasi perineum (p value 0,001).   Bacground: Many possible problems that arise in mothers after childbirth one of which is perineal laceration. Perineal laceration can be a threat if followed by bleeding. There are several factors that can cause perineal laceration, namely the distance of pregnancy, birth weight, and maternal age. This study aimed to determine what factors are associated with perineal laceration in normal pregnancy. At the Ibnu Sotowo Baturaja Hospital. Methode This research uses analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The study population was all normal delivery mothers at RSUD dr. Ibnu Soetowo Baturaja Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, with a random sampling with 177 respondents. the Chi-Square statistical test was then performed, with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that there was a relationship between the distance of labor with the incidence of perineal laceration (p value 0.002), there was a relationship of birth weight with the incidence of perineal laceration (p value 0.001) and there was a relationship between maternal age and the incidence of perineal laceration (p value 0.001).

scholarly journals FACTORS CAUSING RECURRENCE OF INFECTION IN THE CORNEAL GRAFT AFTER THERAPEUTIC PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Rohit Rohit ◽  
Lokesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Corneal Graft ◽  
P Value ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year

Aim:-The aim of this study is to analyse the factors causing recurrence of infection in the corneal graft after therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty.Material and Methods:- This study was conducted at Upgraded Department of Ophthalmology, SVBPH,Meerut. This institution performs 120 keratoplasty procedures per year on an average. The study was conducted for a period of one year & 25 patients had reinfection and those who presented with reinfection constituted the sample size complete enumeration.The data thus obtained was compiled and analysed using Statistical Package for Social services (SPSS vs 20). The qualitative variables were analyzed by using frequencies and The qualitative variables were analyzed by using frequencies & percentages & chi square test was used as test of significance.The quantitative variables were presented as measures of central tendency and dispersion. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant Results Initial fungal etiology was the main risk factor for the recurrence of microbial keratitis after TPK in (24%) of the cases followed by persistent epithelial defects (16%),Initial bacterial etiology (12%), Lid abnormalities (8%) ,contact lens use (8%), Secondary ocular hypertension (8%), prior rejection episodes(8%), initial viral etiology (4%) ,peripheral ulcerative keratitis (8%) & suture related problems(4%). Conclusion:- .This study has shown that Fungal keratitis was the main reason for the initial TPK & initial Fungal aetiology was the main risk factor for the reinfection after TPK

scholarly journals Clinical profile of pulmonary tuberculosis and MDR TB in children at tertiary medical institute

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Anupama Vinayak Mauskar ◽  
Amrit Gopan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: India is the country with highest burden of TB. There is paucity of data as far as Pediatric TB is concern. TB in children directly reflects intensity of on-going transmission of TB in a given community. This study was done including indoor cases of Pediatric pulmonary TB in a medical college hospital, a tertiary care institute in the city of Mumbai. The aim and objectives of this study the clinical profile and outcome of Pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis/MDR TB in an indoor setting of a tertiary care center. It was a clinical observational study in a setting of medical college hospital.Methods: All admitted children with newly diagnosed pulmonary TB were included in study. A detailed clinical analysis was done. Statistical Analysis Association between two qualitative data was assessed by Chi-Square test, Fisher's exact test for all 2 X 2 tables where Chi-Square test was not valid due to small counts. Comparison of quantitative data measured between two outcomes was done using unpaired t-test. PSPP version 0.8.5 was used for statistical analysis.Results: Total of 41 patients with pulmonary TB were included in the study, making admission rate of 0.7% of total admission. Three out of 41 children had MDRTB making incidence 7% of total TB patients. Severe acute malnutrition was a major risk factor for dissemination of disease and mortality (p value 0.031and 0.0017).Conclusions: The study estimates 0.7% admission rate and 7% as incidence of MDRTB in indoor patients. Severe malnutrition was found to be risk factor for dissemination of disease [p value 0.031].

scholarly journals To Study Demographics as Risk Factor for Mortality Associated with COVID-19 : A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1519-1523
Author(s):  
Amandeep Singh Bakshi ◽  
Neetu Sharma ◽  
Jasbir Singh ◽  
Sandeep Batish ◽  
Vijay Sehga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender

Objectives : Novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 has emerged as a pandemic, claiming over 1,431,513 lives ( till Nov. 27,2020 ) worldwide involving 191 countries . The objective of the study is to evaluate age and gender as a risk factor for COVID -19 related mortality . Material and Methods : It is a retrospective cohort study , where the database of indoor COVID-19 positive patients was assessed for the study. Evaluation of the role of age and gender in mortality of COVID infection by comparing dataset of 2,142 indoor COVID positive patients with two outcome groups namely ,death and discharged groups was done. Results: The age comparison between two groups namely, death and discharged groups showed a median age of 60 years (IQR 50-70) for patients who died and 52 years (IQR 36–62) for the patients who recovered from COVID (p value-<0.001). There were 9 (0.65%) pediatric patients (<12 yrs) in the group of patients who recovered .For gender analysis (n=2129), COVID patients who died were 32.5%( n=692) ,out of which 63.6%(n=440) were males and 36.4%(n=252) were females. COVID positive patients in discharged group were 67.5%(n=1437),out of which 61.2%(n=880) were males and 38.8%(n=557) were females. There was no statistical difference between the two groups for mortality risk based on gender for COVID -19 infection (chi square value of 1.09, p value=.296) and the relative risk of death in males and females who died of COVID was 1.052 (95% CI=0.92-1.204). Conclusion: COVID-19 infection is showing predilection for male gender in both death and discharged group but the males and females are equally susceptible to the risk of death .

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