scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEFINITION OF THE TERM «FINANCIAL RESULT» IN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND AUDIT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Mardus ◽  
Svitlana Brik
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Financial Result

The article substantiates the conceptual apparatus "financial result" from the standpoint of forming the main theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the financial results of the enterprise in financial accounting and auditing, which is important in addressing the formation of financial results, which is inherent in financial accounting and auditing from accounting and analytical support, which consists in the operational accounting and control of costs and revenues of the enterprise for a certain period. The results of research of scientific approaches to determining the essence of financial results in accounting have shown that in terms of understanding the essence of financial results in financial accounting and auditing can be defined as a process of calculating it based on legal and regulatory framework and subject to accrual principles. It is established that the financial result should be considered as an object and instrument based on the principles of compliance of costs with income and is the main indicator in the management of economic activity of the enterprise. According to the results of the analysis, it can be stated that the process of accounting and analytical support of the financial results of the enterprise is based on a certain mechanism, which is characterized by the relevant elements of management. The main element of management is the legal framework and regulations on the activities of the enterprise in modern business conditions, the formation of financial results and the distribution of profits. External mechanism for regulating the formation of financial results and the use of enterprise profits and processes that affect the state of market development, industry, investment processes in the industry to which the company belongs and more. The internal mechanism of the management structure of the enterprise and the system of organization of accounting and auditing at the enterprise in relation to the formation of financial results and the use of enterprise profits. Methodical approaches, methods and procedures for internal control at the enterprise in order to manage the process of formation of financial results and manage the profitability of the enterprise.

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING IN SMALL FIRMS

1996 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 163-182
Author(s):  
A.J.M. Humayun Murshed
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Business World ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
And Control

Small firms’ role in the modern business world is well recognized. Despite such recognition, there exists a dearth of research in small firms, particularly in understanding the implications of accounting and finance. This paper reports the results of an empirical study carried out on the financial accounting and reporting of small firms in Bangladesh. Financial reporting does not seem to be important in these firms except for complying with tax formalities. No systematic way of presenting financial figures among the firms was observed. Most firms’ financial statements do not provide any database for organizational decision making. The managers have a high degree of satisfaction, particularly with the format used in presenting financial statements. On the contrary, they hardly use those financial statements in organizational decision making and control. They prefer to use a simple form of financial statement and show almost no concern for users’ need and attaining financial control.

scholarly journals ACCOUNTING FOR CAPITAL INVESTMENTS AND ITS IMPROVEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Kravchenko ◽  
N. Ovcharova ◽  
A. Baha ◽  
D. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

At present, issues related to investment activities in Ukraine are very important. Of particular importance is the investment activity related to capital investment, creating a solid foundation for stable, efficient operation and rapid development of each enterprise. Insufficient capital investment can lead to limited opportunities, loss of income, increased production costs, increased production shortages, loss of competitiveness and decline of the enterprise. For effective management of capital investments of the enterprise the system of accounting and analytical support based on reliable definition of their cost, the mechanism of their reflection in the account and the reporting, effective system of the analysis and internal control is important. This study is devoted to the consideration of theoretical and methodological issues and problems of organization of accounting of capital investment accounting, identification of areas for improvement. This article analyzes domestic and international regulations on accounting to determine the nature and composition of capital investments. The issue of formation and differentiation of capital investment costs is considered. The classification of capital investments on various grounds is reflected, which is important for the formation of a proper organization of accounting and control in the enterprise. Sources of capital investment are the company's own funds, the use of budget funds or extrabudgetary funds, other sources of funding. The main sources of financing capital investments today are the own funds of enterprises. Generalized approaches to reflect capital expenditures that are associated with the creation or acquisition of non-current assets, as well as those that are included in the initial cost of such objects, in the accounts. It is proposed to streamline accounting through the introduction of additional sub-accounts that will meet the various information needs for analysis and control of capital investments in the enterprise. To separate the components of capital investments, the characteristics of the new sub-accounts to account 15 "Capital investments" are given. The main elements that need to be disclosed in the order on the company's accounting policy for capital investment are presented.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND SIGNS OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Nataliia Stebliuk ◽  
Yuri Gubsky
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Marketing Management ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The article is devoted to theoretical aspects of marketing management of enterprise as a scientific category through comprehensive study of marketing management conceptual foundations, adapted to modern business conditions. The features of theoretical and practical principles of formation and development of marketing concepts are given due to scientific and technological progress and informatization of society. Theoretical aspects of concepts of marketing management and its application in the activities of enterprises and organizations are highlighted. The development of marketing management concepts will allow forming a set of interrelated methodological approaches to practical implementation of specific provisions, in accordance with modern conditions and trends in the development of economic entities during economic transformation. It is proved that the question of definition and terminology is very important for any theory, because definitions, terms, provisions at the heart of any reasoning and logical constructions can affect their final result. Generalization of scientific provisions allowed providing a definition of "marketing management". Marketing management is a type of activity that involves enterprise analysis, planning, implementation and control carried out by all its units in the interaction and coordination of interests on the basis and principles of marketing to achieve high efficiency, development and consolidation in a competitive environment that allow to achieve set goals. These goals are to increase profits, meet the needs of the target audience, increase market share, etc. It is emphasized that the introduction and use of marketing mechanisms in integration with management allow to make decisions based on the comparison of real opportunities with market demands, desired values and aspirations of existing and potential consumers. Marketing management as a purposeful activity to regulate company's position in the market through planning, organization, motivation and control, taking into account specific conditions, aims to achieve the company with a clear focus on the consumer. The obtained results make it possible to identify the main trends in the development of marketing management with the use of specific technologies in management system of enterprises and organizations.

scholarly journals ACCOUNTING AND CONTROL WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF AGILE METHODOLOGY

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Оksana Balaziuk ◽  
Inna Sysoieva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Agile Methodology ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Agile Approach ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
And Control ◽  
Method Of Abstraction

Introduction. The article considers the Agile methodology, its conceptual principless and studies the main accounting aspects of its implementation in realizing the projects of software development. Purpose. The aim of the research consists in studying accounting and control within the framework of Agile-methodology. Method (methodology). The methodological basis of the study is a set of general and specific methods of knowledge of economic phenomena on the basis of systematic approach. In order to ground theoretical and methodological approaches to accounting and analysis of processes which are associated with the formation of production costs we have used method of induction and deduction, method of analysis and synthesis, method of abstraction and analogy. Results. The article analyzes the popularity of practical use of Agile approach and determines the advantages from its use as well as defines the accounting related problems. The ways of eliminating the complications of using the flexible approach in project management in financial accounting are defined.

scholarly journals Fraud in the banking system of Ukraine: ways to combat taking into account foreign experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Oleh V. Kyrychenko ◽  
Olena A. Soldatenko ◽  
Olena V. Gorokhovska ◽  
Maryna O. Voloshyna ◽  
Larysa O. Maksymova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Banking Institution ◽  
Financial Monitoring

The article aims to identify effective ways to combat bank fraud in Ukraine. Using the method of systematic analysis of theoretical experience, practical measures and international legislation in the field of combating banking fraud, the main factors influencing the bank fraud level are identified: financial instability of the banking institution, lack of information about the client's credit history, poor internal control, low level of corporate governance, lack of a standard procedure for customers verification, lack of a unified register of bank employees, imperfect legal regulators and a banking control system. The study allowed to identify the characteristics of an effective banking fraud combating system: a clear definition of the legal framework, regulation subjects and objects, strict and guaranteed liability for violations of laws, cooperation of structural units and regulatory authorities at the domestic and international level, state control of financial monitoring. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the successful experience of developed countries, comprehensive implementation of measures to combat bank fraud (at the legislative, bank management and technological level) will not only reduce the level of bank fraud, but also corruption, money laundering and terrorist financing rate.

scholarly journals Book-keeping documentation and accounting compliance model of an economic entity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Svetlana Pankova
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
Compliance Requirements ◽  
Compliance Model ◽  
Definition Of

The relevance of the research is due to the strengthening of the role in solving the tasks facing the internal control system of each economic entity, the adoption of the federal accounting standard, updating the requirements for accounting documents, and the development of compliance control systems. Documentation is the main element of the accounting method as a science that help to create an accounting model of an economic entity. Internal control is the method to ensure compliance with legal requirements in the process of enterprises’ operation. The meaning and requirements for accounting documentation remain insufficiently defined both for the object of internal control and for the means of its implementation. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of accounting documentation in the formation of the compliance model of an economic entity and to reveal its importance in the functioning of the internal control system’ elements. Research methods: monographic method, semantic analysis, method of philosophical logic, method of abstract thinking. Results and key conclusions: the author proposed the definition of the accounting compliance model, demonstrated the function of documentation in the formation of models of economic entities; identified and supplemented the areas of risks of failure to achieve the goals of organizations related to accounting documentation; disclosed the role and importance of accounting documents for the organization and functioning of elements of the internal control system. The object of the study is the theoretical provisions of the methodology of accounting and internal control, the subject is accounting documentation. The theoretical and methodological significance lies in the fact that the author introduced the concept of the compliance model of an economic entity for the first time; supplemented the requirements that are prerequisites for the preparation of accounting statements, the violation of which is an area of internal control risk. The results of the research are of practical importance for the creation and organization of the proper operation of the internal control system at enterprises and organizations aimed at compliance with compliance requirements.

scholarly journals Controlling of Strategic Organizational Changes at the University

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Anna Zotova ◽  
Valentina Mantoulenko ◽  
Irina Plaksina
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
Element Base

Since modern organizations are characterized by a variety of goals, the definition of the effectiveness of organizational changes can be specified as a degree of results achievement (under the conditions that these results are adequate to the established and intended goals of organizational changes and the changes themselves meet certain needs of stakeholders and create conditions for constant development of an organization). This research is based on general scientific research methods: system analysis methods, scientific abstraction and generalization, comparative and categorical analysis, empirical description methods, as well as behavioral, systematic, process specifying scientific methodological approaches of the theory of management. The authors classified strategic interests of the main stakeholders in universities activities in Russian Federation; the element base and the system of interactions between them was performed in the model of interests coordination during the changes implementation process in the system of higher education and control methods when making changes were analyzed. In conclusion various forms of controlling were suggested and this variation was derived from various university stakeholders’ interests.

scholarly journals Issues of regulating cryptocurrency and control over its turnover: international experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (31) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Dumchikov ◽  
Nataliia Kononenko ◽  
Liudmyla Batsenko ◽  
Roman Halenin ◽  
Nataliia Hlushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

The article deals with an important and relevant topic – the definition of the concept and essence of cryptocurrencies, the study of the problems of their legal regulation, the rationale for control over their turnover, as well as the analysis of ways to counter money laundering that involves cryptocurrency. The authors emphasize that measures taken exclusively at the state level are not enough to create an effective, integrated and comprehensive system for regulating the legal status of cryptocurrencies. Therefore, international cooperation and the strengthening of cooperation between various states in the field of cryptocurrency regulation is important. The authors analyze the scientific doctrine regarding the essence of cryptocurrency. It was found out that there was no single approach to the definition of “cryptocurrency” among scientists. Moreover, cryptocurrencies in various laws of the world have different status. The authors used general scientific and special scientific methods, which provided an objective analysis of the purpose of the study. The research methods were used in interconnection and interdependence, which ensured the comprehensiveness and completeness of the research, as well as the validity of the obtained scientific results. The authors have determined states where cryptocurrency has an official status, is at the initial stage of legal regulation or completely prohibited at the state level. The relevance of the research consists in the actual absence of the legal framework for the regulation of cryptocurrencies, which is conditioned by the novelty of this phenomenon and the problems related to its functioning. The authors proposed their own definition of cryptocurrency based on its main features.

Methodological approaches to analysis of rural territories’ development in terms of decentralization

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Nataliia Khomiuk ◽  
Nataliya Pavlikha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Ecological Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The purpose of the article is to reveal methodological approaches to analysis of the development of rural territories in Ukraine. The authors note that the complex analysis and evaluation of the results of rural areas’ development is an integral part of formation and implementation of the strategy of diversification of rural territories’ development in Ukraine. The paper emphasizes that the availability of analytical information on the state of development of rural territories is a prerequisite for making grounded decisions on diversification of rural territories in the regions of Ukraine and improving the quality of life of rural population. The methodical approaches to the analysis of territories’ development have been considered. The paper proves that the definition of the peculiarities of social, economic and ecological development of rural territories makes it possible to elaborate effective practical recommendations for the diversification of the development of a separate rural consolidated community. A methodology for analyzing the development of rural territories in Ukraine has been developed. It covers the consistent implementation of the following stages: the assessment of the development of rural territories in Ukraine, the diagnosis of rural territories in the region, the characteristics of the preconditions for diversification of rural consolidated communities, the modeling and development of strategic directions of diversification of rural territories in conditions of decentralization, monitoring of changes in the development of rural territories and control over the implementation of the goals of diversification of rural territories in terms of decentralization. The application of the proposed methodological approaches to the analysis of the development of rural territories in the context of the implementation of the decentralization reform can serve as the basis for making informed decisions regarding the strategy of diversification of rural territories, increasing the competitiveness of rural consolidated communities. This is possible on the basis of the diagnosis of rural development and the identification of priority areas for economic activity for each of them, which should be the ground for implementation of modern regional policy in the context of decentralization of authorities.

scholarly journals Concept and Classification of Functions of State Policy in the Field of Ensuring Economic Security of the State

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
D. O. Koshikov
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

The phenomenon of the state’s functions as the main directions of its activity for the fulfillment of tasks and the purpose of its existence in a specific period of development, their peculiarities and types have been studied. Based on the analysis of scientific works on the implementation of state policy in the sphere of economy and social and humanitarian sphere, the author has defined own definition of the functions of state policy in the sphere of economic security. In particular, the author has emphasized that they could be considered, first of all, as general directions of the state’s activity to create a stable economic security system, which includes a legal framework, a list of agencies authorized to implement regulatory requirements, a system of defined principles, forms and methods of implementation policies, etc; and, secondly, as separate groups of homogeneous actions of public administration subjects on the regulation, development and protection of social economic relations, ensuring the realization of socio-economic rights and freedoms of citizens, as well as creating conditions for further development and growth of the national economy. Based on the first approach, the regulatory, institutional, regulatory and law enforcement functions of public policy in the field of economic security should be distinguished. According to the second direction, the following functions can be considered: information-analytical, planning, organization, interaction and coordination, accounting and control. The obtained results are the integral part of the author’s scientific research on determining the administrative and legal foundations of the implementation of state policy in the sphere of economic security of Ukraine and can be used for carrying out other fundamental and applied scientific researches in the field of national security of the state.

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