scholarly journals CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE COLLAPSE OF PURCHASING ABILITY OF INCOMES OF THE UKRAINIAN POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesya Glubish
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
National Currency ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Government

The article presents the author's own vision of the reasons for the destruction of the purchasing power of the income of the population of Ukraine and the interpretation of their consequences. The general parameters of the standard of living in Ukraine, which allowed to explain the reasons for the difference between the growth rate of wages and pensions. Assessing consumer potential, attention is paid to the importance of creating favourable conditions for the growth of consumer passive income in a high level of societies’ informatization. The author's attention is focused on establishing the macroeconomics' nature of the disparity destruction of the purchasing power of the Ukrainian consumer. Emphasis is placed on the devaluations’ causes of the Ukrainian national currency in particular on the flaws in monetary policy, which, combined with the imbalance of export-import operations, had a negative impact on the dynamics of consumer sentiment and led to the cutback of economic activity. An important place is given to the identification of factors that provoke rising food prices, destructively affecting domestic demand. An attempt is made to analyse the consumer potential of the domestic food market by symbiosis economic and social constraints in terms of combining differences in the structure of income by age groups, which form the corresponding variations in the structure of its consumer demand. The elasticity of food product demand in the conditions of devaluation of the national currency is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the flaws in Ukrainian economic policy that make the inflation deeper. The study of the causes of inflation was carried out through the prism of miscalculations in domestic fiscal policy, globalization of food markets and the low level of the economic freedom of the national economy from corruption. Based on the obtained results, conclusions were made on economic losses, justified from the standpoint of tripartite market interaction: for the consumer – reducing the economic affordability of food products; for the producers – in the profitability; for the government – in budget revenues.

scholarly journals Analysis of dynamics of the medcine list in the government program «available medicines» for treatment of bronchial asthma

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
I. A. Kostiuk
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
Additional Payment ◽  
The Cost

The problem of accessibility for socially significant goods for the population, among which the most important place occupy medicines in Ukraine, is very acute today. In this regard, the need for specific state interference through regulatory processes becomes relevant. One of the priority directions for increasing the availability of medicines is the Government of Ukraine has recognized reimbursement. The mechanism of full or partial payment of the cost of medicines used to counteract most socially significant diseases. One of these diseases is bronchial asthma (BA), since it affects all age groups of the population, and with ineffective control of the disease, the quality of life of patients is significantly reduced. The aim of the work is to study the range of medicines for the treatment of BA, included in the Government program «Accessible medicines» for the period 2017–2019 years. From April 1, 2017 to July 1, 2019, the Ministry of Health of Ukraine issued five orders, which approved the Register of medicines, the cost of which is subject to reimbursement. In the study analyzed all editions of the Register and found that with each update, the number of trade names (TN) of the medicines increased: for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases – by 56%, diabetes – by 92%, and BA – by 133%. During the 2017–2019 years, the number of international non-proprietary names (INNs) for the treatment of BA also increased: 3 times Beclomethasone, Budesonide 3.5 times, and Salbutamol is almost 2 times. Also, found that 87% of TN are imported and only 13% – domestic. Total of medicines for the treatment of asthma, the value of which is refundable imports 6 countries, the main segment of which is formed by Spain (31%) and Sweden (23%). The analysis of the size and amount of rejection and the amount of the surcharge for packaging allows us to establish that the percentage of medicines without an additional payment is approximately up to 50%. At 75% of the medicines for the treatment of BA, the amount of packing surcharge with each edition of the Register of medicines subject to reimbursement was increased by 2 medicines (Beckhazon-eco 100 mcg/dose and 250 mcg/dose) and 1 medicine (Budesonide-inteli 200 mcg/dose) – decreased 1 medicine (Budesonide-inteli 200 mcg/dose) subject to partial compensation only once. The conducted studies allow us to conclude that there is a need to improve the assortment policy in order to provide the pharmaceutical market with the available and necessary domestic medicines, in accordance with the needs of the population and the standards for the treatment of BA.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Constraints Jordanian Women Had Encountered as a Result of COVID-19 Pandemic, and Coping Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Aydah M AbuTayeh
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
And Coping

This research paper sheds light on what Jordanian women had to endure as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects, since the imposition of the full lock-down and shelter-in-place order in March of 2020. The paper primarily aims to identify socio-economic constraints Jordanian women encountered during this period, and to explore the coping mechanisms women had adopted. A total of 480 women had partaken in this study; who were randomly selected from different regions in Jordan. The findings suggest that women had suffered more from social constraints as opposed to economic ones, the foremost of which was directly pertinent to the outbreak. This includes increasing household chores and caregiving work, due to the long time women had to stay home, in addition to the burdens of applying health safety precautions and online learning. As for economic constraints, women had specifically suffered from declining income and increasing financial burdens in general. Statistically significant differences in favor of the lower age groups, families with more children and less monthly income, women working in the government sector, and women residing in the Badia regions have been detected. The findings also indicated that the most prominent mechanisms that helped women cope with the constraints are prayer, participation in the public debate about the pandemic, and self-sufficiency. It was also found that such coping mechanisms are more correlated to economic as opposed to social constraints.

scholarly journals Economic Impacts of Craftsman Statue on Community Based Tourism Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
A.A. Gde Putra Pemayun ◽  
A.A. Istri Agung Maheswari
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Income ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
The Government

This study examines the "Economic Impact of Craftsmen Statue on Community Base Tourism Development in Tohpati village Klungkung Bali". The core concept of economic problems is the imbalance between unlimited human needs and the means of satisfying the needs of a limited number. Economics should not be emphasized through the point, but it should be emphasized as an approach to explain human behavior (Gary Becker). The economic system is a means used to regulate all economic activities in society whether done by the government or private in order to achieve prosperity and prosperity together. The Economic system can be divided into three namely: a First capitalist economic system that is all economic activity submitted to the market. Second, the communist economic system is all things governed by the government. The third is a mixed economic system that is a combination of the two economic systems above (capitalist and communist). Indonesia should adopt a mixed economic system because firstly, Indonesia is an emerging country, where market failures often occur due to uneven information or accessibility to transportation and communication facilities. The second is that there are still many Indonesian people are below the poverty line. Thirdly most Indonesians have businesses that are still classified into small and medium enterprises that still can not compete perfectly with a bigger business. In addition, in a mixed economic system also required the role of government in overseeing the development of the economy that runs in the country of Indonesia, in order to create prosperity in public life. To implement a mixed economic system it must be applied in a real way in the community environment so that the economic system in a country becomes smooth, balanced, and make more prosperous for all parties involved. Community Base Tourism as a model of tourism development today because community involvement including maintenance is something that must be applied. Tohpati village community adherents of the traditional economy inevitably have to deal with the values ​​of novelty in the global economic order. Economic development that takes place in a country brings impact, both positive and negative. Positive impact: increased foreign exchange earnings, expanding or accelerating business opportunities, increasing national income, increasing tax revenues, expanding employment opportunities, promoting growth in development that has natural potential. Negative impact: land prices skyrocket, in tourism centers expensive food prices, biological resources become damaged, the occurrence of urbanization. The circulation of drugs, prostitution is difficult to monitor.

Features of development and regulation of wholesale and retail markets: problems, challenges and prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Сиражудин Урцмиевич Нуралиев
Keyword(s):  
Food Prices ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Government

Обеспечение продовольственной безопасности и стабилизация цен на продукты питания является стратегической задачей органов государственной власти, бизнеса и науки. Важное место в решении этой задачи отводится формированию эффективных каналов для обеспечения гарантированного сбыта продукции отечественных товаропроизводителей на внутреннем рынке по справедливой цене. Как показывает зарубежный опыт, необходимым условием формирования эффективной товаропроводящей инфраструктуры для реализации скоропортящейся продукции является создание эффективной системы оптовых продовольственных и розничных рынков, которая способствует развитию добросовестной конкуренции между поставщиками продуктов питания, и оптимизации издержек в сфере обращения продуктов питания и стабилизации цен на внутреннем рынке. Государственная поддержка развития и регулирования этих каналов сбыта обусловлена их ролью в решении социально-экономических проблем общества и продовольственном снабжении населения городов. Одним из оптимальных направлений формирования эффективной системы оптовых продовольственных и розничных рынков в условиях Российской Федерации является наличие государственной программы развития этих каналов сбыта на основе модернизации существующей торгово-сбытовой инфраструктуры потребительской кооперации и плодоовощного комплекса страны. Ensuring food safety and stabilization of food prices is a strategic challenge of public authorities, business and science. An important place in solving this problem is given to the formation of effective sales channels to ensure guaranteed sales of domestic producers' products on the domestic market at equitable price. As evidenced by foreign experience, a necessary condition for forming an effective commodity distribution infrastructure for selling perishable products is to create an effective system of wholesale food and retail markets, which promotes fair competition between food suppliers and optimizes costs in the circulation of food and stabilize prices in the domestic market. Government support for the development and regulation of these marketing channels is conditioned by their role in solving socio-economic problems of society and food supply of the population of cities. One of the optimal directions of formation of the effective system of wholesale food and retail markets in the conditions of the Russian Federation is the availability of the government program of development of these marketing channels on the basis of modernization of the existing trade and marketing infrastructure of consumer cooperation and fruit and vegetables complex of the country.

Analysis of Impacts Malaysia's Territorial Limitation (Lockdown) Policy on Indonesia-Malaysia Border Area, Sanggau District

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-156
Author(s):  
Ira Patriani
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Virus Spreading ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Collection Methods

Border areas, is one of affected area on COVID_19 this present. Many of people cn not go out as usually, adding almost each country has to implement their territorial limitation (lockdown policy) to minimalize this virus spreading. One of Malaysia State, where very close and get direct border with Indonesia. This research took place at Sanggau District, Entikong, Gun Tembawang Village.The research approach used is qualitative, using data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation supported by interviews with the theoretical approach to the negative and positive aspects on policy implementation. Research results, The results stated that the lockdown activities of Malaysia which were affected by the corona virus outbreak needed to be carried out in an effort to minimize the spread of the virus outbreak. Although of course it has a negative impact on the country's economic structure, social issues and other sector. In implementing this lockdown, there is a need for cooperation between the government and the community as well as an agreement with neighboring countries in terms of the mobility of residents closest to each other's territory on exemptions in order to realize social welfare and public health without limiting the origin of the state, religion, community and profession. Especially in border areas where mobility and kinship ties have always been closer than in other regions. Keywords: Border area, lockdown policy, covid_19

On the Major Differences between the Banking Systems of the EAEU States

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
T. E. Chekanova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Major Factors

The presented study examines the problems of integration of the national banking systems of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).Aim. The study aims to examine the major differences in various aspects of functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states in terms of their impact on integration processes.Tasks. The author identifies the most prominent features of the banking systems of the EAEU states; reveals the depth of the existing differences through a comparative analysis of various indicators of national banking systems; outlines ways of overcoming integration problems associated with differences in the banking sectors of the Union states.Methods. This study is based on universal general scientific methods and elements of comparative, functional, and economic analysis within the framework of a systems approach. The author uses regulatory documents and banking reports of the EAEU states, statistical and analytical materials of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and data of Moody’s international rating agency.Results. The study identifies a number of aspects that contain the major differences in the functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states; highlights the disproportions in the scale, level of development, financial stability, and risks of the banking spheres of the Union states; comparatively analyzes the proportion of banking and non-banking structures in the system and the share of the government and non-resident companies in the capital of banks; marks the difference in the pricing of banking services; determines differences in the existing approaches to banking regulation and the established standards; analyzes the major differences in the legislative acts of the central banks and governments of the EAEU member states and in the terms and definitions used. According to the results of the study, the major factors hindering the development of integration processes between the banking systems of the EAEU states are identified.Conclusions. The existing differences between the banking systems of the EAEU countries are diverse and multifaceted. The author states that the aspects addressed in this study have a significant negative impact on the further development of integration processes, describing the major directions and actions of the member states aimed at minimizing the exiting differences, which are required to facilitate the convergence of the states and the transition towards a common financial market.

KAJIAN DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PENUTUPAN LOKALISASI TELEJU OLEH PEMERINTAH KOTA PEKANBARU

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
M. Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Policy Content ◽  
The Government ◽  
Closure Policy ◽  
The Impact

This research to analyze the impact of closure policy Teleju brothel by Pekanbaru govermentin 2010. Guidelines for works are Pekanbaru Local Regulations No. 12 of 2008 on Social Order-liness. Closure this brothel inflicts positive and negative impact for society.The research wasconducted to obtain early stage formula for the government to take action against the prostitu-tion activities. This research uses policy research approach with a qualitative method, becausein prostitution activities and prohibition by goverment is an assessment that needs to be done byanalyzing documents and unstructured interview.The results showed that after the closing of the Teleju brothel have an impact on the deploy-ment of a prostitution and affect the economy of the surrounding residents. Government seeksto tackle prostitution in Pekanbaru by moving the brothel, conduct regular raids and providetraining. The effort is considered to be less than the maximum because the handling is not basedon the root of the problem and not programmed properly. There are several causes of failure ofgovernment to overcome the prostitution problem in Pekanbaru, including: policy content isless focus on the prostitution problem, the government did not proceeds with data, lack of finan-cial support, contra productive programs between local government with the police and TNI,and the policy object is difficult to be given understanding.

Community Development and Role of Tourism: A Case Study of Tourist Destination Manali in Himachal Pradesh (India)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agriculture Products

Tourism sector has a significant role in the economic development of our country. Tourism sector has contributed 6.88 percent to the GDP and has 12.36 percent share in employment (direct and indirect) in the year 2014. It has also a significant share in foreign exchange earnings. The benefit of tourism mostly goes to the local community (Sonya & Jacqueline, Mansour E. Zaei & Mahin E. Zaei, 2013). In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess how the tourism industry has created an opportunity for the economic, political, social and cultural development of the local community at Manali in Himachal Pradesh (India) and also tried to study the problems that are associated with the tourism in the region. The study found that the tourism industry has been extending its contribution for the development of local community at Manali. It has been providing employment, business and investment opportunities, revenue generation for the government, encouraging the community to promote and preserve its art, culture and heritage, raising the demand of agriculture products, provided opportunities for local people to run and work in the transport business and by promoting MSMEs in the region. Besides the opportunities, the tourism industry has also added many problems to the local community. Traffic congestion, increase in water and air pollution, solid waste generation, degradation of the cultural heritage, ecological imbalances, rise in cost of living, increase in crime, noise and environment pollution, migration of people to the region, negative impact on local culture, and extra pressure on civic services during the tourists season, are the problems associated with the tourism. The study suggest that effective management of natural resources, dissemination of environment protection information, involvement of local community in decision making, professionalization in the working of local administration, extending the support of government in sponsoring the events, infrastructure development, tracking records of migrants with the help of local community to curb the crime rate, promotion and preservation of art, culture and heritage, involvement of NGOs, compliance of the rules can make tourism more beneficial in the development of local community.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Location of Pollution-Intensive Industries in China under Agglomeration Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4045
Author(s):  
Yinhao Wu ◽  
Shumin Yu ◽  
Xiangdong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
The Impact

Pollution-intensive industries (PIIs) have both scale effect and environmental sensitivity. Therefore, this paper studies how environmental regulation (ER) affects the location dynamics of PIIs under the agglomeration effect. Our results show that, ER can increase the production costs of pollution-intensive firms (PIFs) by internalizing the negative impact of pollutant discharge in a region, and thus, directly reduces the region’s attractiveness to PIFs. Meanwhile, ER can indirectly reduce the attractiveness of a region to PIFs by reducing the externality of the regional agglomeration effect. Moreover, these influences are regulated by the level of local economic development. Based on the moderated mediating effect model, we find evidence from the site selection activities of newly built chemical firms in cities across China. The empirical test shows that compared with 2014, the proportion of the direct effect of ER to the total effects significantly decreased in 2018, while the proportion of indirect effects under the agglomeration effect increased significantly. Our findings provide reference for the government to design effective environmental policies to guide the location choice of new PIFs.

Impact of Dividend Tax Change on the Payout Policy of Indian Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1282-1291
Author(s):  
Sanjay Dhamija ◽  
Ravinder Kumar Arora
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Payout Policy ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Dividend Payout ◽  
Inside Ownership ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dividend Tax

The article examines the impact of regulatory changes in the tax on dividends on the payout policy of Indian companies. The tax law was recently amended to levy tax on dividends received by large shareholders. As the promoters group is the largest shareholder, this is expected to have a negative impact on the payout policy of companies. Furthermore, companies with larger promoter holdings have a higher motivation to reduce their payout. The study covers 370 companies present in the BSE 500 Index and compares the dividend payout of the companies before and after the introduction of tax levy. The study finds that the newly introduced tax indeed caused a shift in the dividend policy of companies, particularly those companies which have high levels of inside ownership. The findings have significant implications for companies, investors and the government.

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