scholarly journals Sort reaction of buckwheat to complex application of biological preparations and fertilizers

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
I.M. Straholis ◽  
S.I. Berdin ◽  
V.I. Onychko ◽  
T.O. Onychko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
Factor C

Buckwheat is a valuable food crop. However, its low yield in comparison with other cereal crops leads to high prices for the cereal realization of this crop. Therefore, the development of techniques for increasing the buckwheat yield is relevant. One way to increase the buckwheat yield is to optimize the nutrition regime of the crop through the use of biologicals, macro- and microfertilizers. The researches devoted to the study of the complex application of biologicals and mineral fertilizers were being conducted during 2016‒2018 at the Institute of Agriculture of the North-East of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences. The weather conditions of the growing seasons varied significantly over the years of research, which made it possible to study more fully the response of varieties to the factors studied. The studies were conducted in a three-factor field experiment where: - factor A ‒ the varieties of different morphotype; - factor B ‒ doses of mineral fertilizers (without fertilizers; N30P45K45; N30P45K45+N15; N16P16K16 in the rows; N16P16K16+N15) - factor C ‒ biological preparation Microgumine ‒ 200 g/ha; microfertilizer Reakom "Zernovyi" 0,5 l/ha; growth regulator Sodium humate ‒ 1.0 l/ha. According to the results of our research, it was found that Selianochka variety was better than Slobozhanka variety by responding to the use of seed inoculation and application of chelated fertilizer forms, with a yield increase of 0.05‒0.27 t/ha. With the increase of mineral nutrition, the yield increase was 0.01 t/ha less than in the Slobozhanka variety, namely from 0.06 to 0.45 t/ha. By Selyanochka variety, the variant with complex use of seed treatment with biological preparation, microfertilizers and application of growth regulator in the phase of "budding" of buckwheat plants, on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N16P16K16 + N15 the maximum yield of 2.20 t/ha was obtained. However, the yield increase after fertilizer application was 0.42 t/ha, from the use of biological products, microfertilizers and growth regulator ‒ 0.27 t/ha. In Slobozhanka variety, inoculation of seeds and application of chelated forms of fertilizers in the budding phase of plants also favoured to increase the yield, but not in all variants. On the other hand, the increase from the use of mineral fertilizers in all variants was positive from 0.04 to 0.41 t/ha. The comparison of the studied varieties of different morphotypes by yield showed that in Selyanochka variety it was of the average 1.96 t/ha during the research years, at fluctuations from 1.75 to 2.20 t/ha, by Slobozhanka variety ‒ 1.73 t/ha and 1.51‒1.92 t/ha respectively. Buckwheat is a valuable food crop. However, its low yield in comparison with other cereal crops leads to high prices for the cereal realization of this crop. Therefore, the development of techniques for increasing the buckwheat yield is relevant. One way to increase the buckwheat yield is to optimize the nutrition regime of the crop through the use of biologicals, macro- and microfertilizers. The researches devoted to the study of the complex application of biologicals and mineral fertilizers were being conducted during 2016‒2018 at the Institute of Agriculture of the North-East of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences. The weather conditions of the growing seasons varied significantly over the years of research, which made it possible to study more fully the response of varieties to the factors studied. The studies were conducted in a three-factor field experiment where: - factor A ‒ the varieties of different morphotype; - factor B ‒ doses of mineral fertilizers (without fertilizers; N30P45K45; N30P45K45+N15; N16P16K16 in the rows; N16P16K16+N15) - factor C ‒ biological preparation Microgumine ‒ 200 g/ha; microfertilizer Reakom "Zernovyi" 0,5 l/ha; growth regulator Sodium humate ‒ 1.0 l/ha. According to the results of our research, it was found that Selianochka variety was better than Slobozhanka variety by responding to the use of seed inoculation and application of chelated fertilizer forms, with a yield increase of 0.05‒0.27 t/ha. With the increase of mineral nutrition, the yield increase was 0.01 t/ha less than in the Slobozhanka variety, namely from 0.06 to 0.45 t/ha. By Selyanochka variety, the variant with complex use of seed treatment with biological preparation, microfertilizers and application of growth regulator in the phase of "budding" of buckwheat plants, on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N16P16K16 + N15 the maximum yield of 2.20 t/ha was obtained. However, the yield increase after fertilizer application was 0.42 t/ha, from the use of biological products, microfertilizers and growth regulator ‒ 0.27 t/ha. In Slobozhanka variety, inoculation of seeds and application of chelated forms of fertilizers in the budding phase of plants also favoured to increase the yield, but not in all variants. On the other hand, the increase from the use of mineral fertilizers in all variants was positive from 0.04 to 0.41 t/ha. The comparison of the studied varieties of different morphotypes by yield showed that in Selyanochka variety it was of the average 1.96 t/ha during the research years, at fluctuations from 1.75 to 2.20 t/ha, by Slobozhanka variety ‒ 1.73 t/ha and 1.51‒1.92 t/ha respectively.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF VARIETIES AND LINES OF WINTER WHEAT ACCORDING TO ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE SIGNS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Ирина Фадеева ◽  
Irina Fadeeva ◽  
Марсель Тагиров ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Ильяс Газизов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Pure Steam

Seventeen varieties and lines of winter soft wheat of Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture selection were evaluated in comparison with varieties of other breeding centers in the conditions of the northern regions of Volga region in 2016-2018. The purpose of the research is to identify source varieties of stably high yield and technological quality of grain. The soil is gray forest, the predecessor is pure steam. Mineral fertilizers were applied based on the planned productivity of 6.0 tons per hectare. The plot area is 10 m2. The placement is randomized. Replication is 4-fold. The two-factor experiment: factor A - varieties, factor B - years of research. The average productivity of varieties varied from 4.01 to 5.23 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase over the standard Kazanskaya 560 variety was obtained from Gostianum 2186 line (24.1%) with a variability of 6.1%. The lowest values of the variation coefficient in yield (1.2%) were obtained from Erythrospermum 2200 variety, which forms the grain productivity at the standard level. In contrasting weather conditions, during the years of study, the interaction “genotype × environment” had a significant effect on yield (31.8%). Large-grain varieties were identified - Nadezhda (46.1 grams) and Lutestsens 2164 (45.7 grams) with a slight variation in the trait (0.9% and 7.9%, respectively) by year. Grain with a high natural weight from 788 g/l (Skipetr) to 830 g/l (Universiada) was obtained with a slight variation of this indicator (from 0.3% to 2.3%). Such varieties, as Kazanskaya 560, Nadezhda, Darina, Sultan, Gostianum 2196, Erythrospermum 2197, Gostianum 2199, Erythrospermum 2200 in terms of “mass fraction of protein” can be classified as valuable wheat, and Moscow variety 39 - as strong. It was established, that grain quality indicators are more genetically determined: varietal differences determined the formation of gluten quality to 65.1%; mass of 1000 grains to 52.1%; the full weight of the grain to 38.4%; mass fraction of protein in grain to 49.4%; the mass fraction of gluten in the grain to 48.1%.

scholarly journals Impact of foliar fertilizing on the white mustard productivity in the northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukaraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
A.V. Melnyk ◽  
S.V. Zherdetska ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Gulam Shabir ◽  
S.O. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Training Research

The experimental studies were carried out on the fields of the Sumy NAU Training Research and Production Complex (TRPC) during 2016–2018.The soil of the experimental plot is typical deep-medium humus, large-dusty and medium-loam black soil on forest trees. The subject of the research was a white mustard variety of Oslava created at the Institute of Feed and Agriculture of the Podillya NAASU, entered in the Register of varieties suitable for cultivation in Ukraine in 2010. The aim of the research is to optimize the nutrition of the white mustard variety of Oslava through the complex application of mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilization under the conditions of the northeastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. The analysis of weather conditions, in particular the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov (HTC), established that 2016 season was wet (HTC = 1.60), 2017 and 2018 were dry (HTC = 0.59 and 0.46). During the research, the cultivation technology was generally accepted in the experimental area, except for the elements studied. The results of the three-year study on the influence of foliar fertilizing under different mineral nutrition backgrounds on the yield of the white mustard variety Oslava are presented. It was found that the application of mineral fertilizers and complex fertilizers for the foliar feeding had a positive effect on the morphometric parameters of the white mustard, in particular, increased the plant height and the number of branches of the first order. The use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N30P30K30 provided an increase in the yield by 0.34 t/ha, N60P60K60 – by 0.55 t/ha, N90P90K90 – by 0.61 t/ha on an average compared to the control. Therefore, for the maximum yield (2.14–2.21 t/ha) with a mass of 1000 seeds (5.39–5.54 g) of the white mustard under the conditions of the Northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, foliar fertilizing of Vuxal boron (3.0 l/ha) + Vuxal bioaminoplant 3.0 l/ha) and Spectrum B + Mo (2.0 l/ha) + Spectrum Ascorist (3.0 l/ha) should be applied on the background of N60-90P60-90K60-90, what provided an increase in the yield compared to the control of 0.58-0.65 t/ha.

scholarly journals Promising varieties of spring glumaceous oat of the mowing and grain-mowing directions, adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Elena Vologzhanina ◽  
Galina Batalova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Positive Dependence ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The results of the study of 12 varieties and promising lines of glumaceous oat in the competitive variety testing of the FASC of the North-East (Kirov region) in the period from 2018 to 2020 are presented. The purpose of the research is to assess the productivity, ecological plasticity and stability of the genotypes of glumaceous oat for feed and universal use in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The dependences of grain yield and dry matter harvesting on the state of agro-climatic resources (HTC), temperature and precipitation are established. The contrasting weather conditions during the years of research allowed to conduct the most complete assessment of the studied genotypes. The most favorable conditions for the formation of a high yield of green mass of oat were formed in 2020 (Ij=3.76), grain - in 2019 (Ij=1.35). The average degree of positive dependence of green mass yield on the height of oat plants was revealed (r=0.51). The variety of the high-intensity type of the universal direction Medved, promising lines of the mowing direction (178h13 and 245h14) are distinguished.

FORMATION OF BARLEY HARVEST DEPENDING ON THE NUTRITION BACKGROUND AND THE USE OF HERBICIDES

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Митрофанов ◽  
Eduard Mitrofanov ◽  
Коршунов ◽  
Aleksandr Korshunov ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

The effectiveness of herbicides in spring barley crops on different nutrition backgrounds was studied in field experiments on dark gray forest soil of medium loamy particle size distribution in the conditions of Volga-Vyatka region. It is revealed that on both backgrounds of fertilizer application the barley formed a maximum yield, when applying the herbicide Bomba. When using this herbicide in making mineral fertilizers N54P54K54 the productivity was 2.71 tons per hectare and a dose N70P70K70 – it was 2.83 tons per hectare. On average for three years, the maximum (11.35%) protein content was appeared in the preparation by Sekator turbo herbicide on the background of fertilizer application of N70P70K70.

scholarly journals Extreme flash floods in Barcelona County

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Barrera ◽  
M. Barriendos ◽  
M. C. Llasat
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Perception Threshold ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Flooded Area

Abstract. In this paper the catastrophic and extraordinary floods occurring in Barcelona County (Catalonia, NE Spain) are studied, in order to characterise the temporal evolution of extreme flash floods in that area and their main features. These events usually cause economical losses and major problems for undertaking daily activity in Barcelona city. This kind of floods is a very common feature in the North-east of Spain and they are recorded every year in some point of Catalonia. This contribution also shows the frequency of those events, within the framework of all the floods that have occurred in Barcelona since the 14th century, but also describes the flooded area, urban evolution, impacts and the weather conditions for any of most severe events. The evolution of flood occurrence shows the existence of oscillations in the earlier and later modern age periods that can be attributed to climatic variability, evolution of the perception threshold and changes in vulnerability. A great increase of vulnerability can be assumed for the period 1850-1900. The analysis of the time evolution for the Barcelona rainfall series (1854-2000) shows that no trend exists, although, due to the changes in urban planning, flash-floods impact has changed over this time. The number of catastrophic flash floods has diminished, although the extraordinary ones have increased.

scholarly journals Эффективность применения удобрений при возделывании капусты белокочанной F1 Континент

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Ju. Vasyuchkov ◽  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
G.A. Kostenko ◽  
O.N. Uspenskaya ◽  
A.A. Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Цель исследований изучение потенциальной возможности получения максимальной урожайности новых гибридов капусты белокочанной при оптимизации ее питания на пойменных почвах Подмосковья. На окультуренной аллювиальной луговой среднесуглинистой почве поймы реки Москвы (Раменский район) в 20182019 годах проведены исследования по увеличению продуктивности нового гибрида поздней белокочанной капусты F1 Континент. Почвы характеризовались близкой к нейтральной реакцией среды, благоприятными агрофизическими свойствами, довольно высоким содержанием гумуса. Погодные условия 20182019 годов были в целом неблагоприятны для возделывания капусты: длительные засушливые периоды оказали сильное влияние на продуктивность растений капусты. Дефицит влаги восполняли дополнительными поливами. В схему опыта включены варианты с расчетными дозами минеральных удобрений (на урожайность 80, 100 и 120 т/га), использование анализа почвы и растений для определения необходимости подкормок, а также природный регулятор роста растений экстрасол (2 л/га) для оптимизации азотного питания капусты. Возделывание гибрида в условиях низкого (N90P50K135), среднего (N180P100K270) и высокого (N370P101K362) уровня минерального питания, с применением регулятора роста экстрасола (2 л/га) и подкормок азотно-калийными удобрениями в фазе розетки листьев позволило увеличить урожайность с 53 до 7585 т/га (на 4161) с выходом стандартной продукции более 90. Прибавка урожайности к варианту без удобрений (контроль) за счет улучшения питания растений составила 761, окупаемость 1 кг д.в. удобрений дополнительной продукцией в размере от 19 до 62 кг. При улучшении минерального питания отмечено увеличение содержания сахаров и витамина С в продукции, однако увеличение доз азотных удобрений более 250 кг/га д.в. в составе полного минерального удобрения приводит к превышению ПДК (500 мг/кг сырой массы) по нитратам и снижению содержания сухого вещества в кочанах. Окупаемость затрат на удобрения капусты по лучшим вариантам достигла 4762 кг продукции на 1 кг д.в. удобрений.The purpose of the research is to study the potential possibility of obtaining the maximum yield of new hybrids of cabbage when optimizing its nutrition on floodplain soils of the Moscow region. The studies were conducted to increase the productivity of a new hybrid of late cabbage F1 Kontinent on cultivated alluvial meadow medium loamy soil of the Moscow river floodplain (Ramenskii district) in 20182019. The soils were characterized by a close to neutral reaction of the medium, favorable agrophysical properties, and a rather high humus content. The weather conditions of 20182019 were generally unfavorable for the cultivation of cabbage: long dry periods had a strong impact on the productivity of cabbage plants. The deficit of moisture was compensated by additional irrigation. The experimental design included options with estimated doses of mineral fertilizers (for yields of 80, 100 and 120 t/ha), the use of soil and plant analysis to determine the need for fertilizing, and the natural plant growth regulator Extrasol (2 l/ha) to optimize nitrogen nutrition cabbage. The cultivation of the hybrid conditions is low (N90P50K135), medium (N180P100K270) and high (N370P101K362) mineral nutrition level, using the growth regulator Extrasol (2 l/ha) and fertilizing nitrogen-potassium fertilizers in the leaf outlet phase allowed to increase the yield of heads from 53 to 7585 tons per hectare (by 4161) with the output of standard products more than 90. The yield increase amounted to the option without fertilizers (control) due to improved plant nutrition 761, payback 1 kg a.s. fertilizers with additional products in the amount of 19 to 62 kg. An increase in the content of sugars and vitamin C in products was noted with an improvement in mineral nutrition, however, an increase in doses of nitrogen fertilizers of more than 250 kg/ha a.s. as a part of a complete mineral fertilizer leads to an excess of MPC (500 mg/kg of crude mass) in nitrates and a decrease in the dry matter content in heads of cabbage. Payback of the cost of cabbage fertilizers for the best variants reached 4762 kg of products per kg of a.s. fertilizer.

scholarly journals Biological potency of soil, yelding ability and quality of potato depending on the use of microbiologic specimen

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
S. V. Zhevora ◽  
L. S. Fedotova ◽  
N. A. Timoshina ◽  
E. V. Knyazeva ◽  
A. E. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield Level

The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of microbiologic specimen against the background of various doses of mineral fertilizers, and without them. The results were obtained in two short-term experiments for the period from 2015 to 2018.Goal of research: to increase the productivity and quality of potatoes with the integrated use of full and reduced by 30 and 50% doses of mineral fertilizers in combination with various microbiologic specimen by increasing the biological activity of the soil and better nutrient absorption.In the field test (2015-2016, sod-podzolic sandy soil), the yield of potatoes was 24.1-27.9 t / ha (when using mineral fertilizers N45-90P45-90K60-120). When N45P45K60 was combined with preplant treatment of tubers with microbiologic specimen (Azolen, Agrinos «1» and Biocomposite-correct), it increased by 27.6-28.5%, including the increase from microbiologic specimen - 3.5-4.4 t / ha or 14.5-18.3%. In the field test (2016 and 2017-2018, sod-podzolic sandy soil), the maximum yield of potatoes (34.0-35.7 t / ha) was obtained using the microbiologic specimen Extrasol both separately for preplant treatment of tubers, and in combination with foliar application of Agrinos «2» and Extrasol on the background of the full dose of fertilizers N90P90K90. In this case, the yield increase from the biologic specimen was 6.5-8.2 t / ha or 23.6-29.8%.In the variant with a 30% reduced NPK dose and the use of Agrinos [N60P60K60 + Agrinos 1+2 (5+2.5 l / ha)]: the yield level was 4.6 t / ha (17%) higher a full dose of NPK. At the same time high starchiness and vitamin C content, excellent culinary qualities, low levels of nitrates in products; conditional income was 42.3 thousand rubles / ha higher than NPK background, low cost (6.8 rubles / kg), high cost recovery (3.25) and profitability of production 64% were observed.

scholarly journals Перспективные сорта свеклы столовой на различных фонах минерального питания

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Timakova ◽  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
N.A. Filroze
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Calculated Dose ◽  
Alluvial Meadow ◽  
Selection Of

В статье представлены результаты испытания новых отечественных сортов свеклы столовой в Московской области на различных фонах минерального питания: контроль без удобрений, N120P60K180 (расчетная доза) и N240P120K360 (двойная доза). Количество удобрений рассчитывалось согласно схеме опыта по фонам питания и по процентному содержанию действующего вещества. Почва опытного участка относится к типу аллювиальных луговых, среднесуглинистая, насыщенная, влагоемкая. Погодные условия наиболее благоприятно для роста и развития растений свеклы столовой складывались в периоды вегетации 20142017 годов. Особенность погодных условий 20182019 годов неравномерное выпадение осадков, что повлияло на время прорастания семян. Дефицит влаги в период вегетации компенсировали поливами методом дождевания, поддерживая НВ на уровне 7580 . В 20142019 годах изучали сорта свекла столовой селекции Агрохолдинга Поиск для товарного производства: с округлой формой корнеплода Креолка, Мулатка, Русская односемянная, Эфиопка цилиндрической Славянка округло-плоской Смуглянка. Урожайность корнеплодов на фоне без удобрений изменялась от 36,5 (Мулатка) до 47,9 т/га (Славянка). Внесение удобрений в рекомендуемой дозе способствовало прибавке урожая, в среднем, на 20,3 без снижения товарности продукции. Наиболее отзывчивы на минеральные удобрения в расчетной дозе (N120P60K180) оказались сорта Мулатка (33,1) и Смуглянка (29). Внесение удвоенных доз минеральных удобрений не повлекло за собой дальнейшего увеличения урожайности культуры. Сорт Креолка показал на фоне (N240P120K360) наибольшую урожайность 58,6 т/га. Выращивание свеклы столовой с применением удобрений в расчетной и удвоенной дозах уменьшает вариабельность урожайности сортов по годам.Results of testing of new domestic cultivars in the Moscow region on various backgrounds of mineral nutrition: control (without fertilizers), N120P60K180 (calculated dose) and N240P120K360 (double dose) are presented. The amount of fertilizers was calculated according to the scheme of the experiment by nutrition backgrounds and by the percentage of active substance. The soil of the experimental site belongs to the type of alluvial meadow, medium-loamy, saturated, moisture-intensive. Weather conditions were most favourable for the growth and development of table beet plants during the growing season of 20142017. A feature of the weather conditions of 20182019 was uneven precipitation, which affected the time of germination of seeds. The lack of moisture during the growing season was compensated by irrigation by sprinkling, maintaining the HB at the level of 8085. In 20142019, we studied varieties of beet of table selection of Poisk Agro Holding for commercial production: with a rounded root crop Kreolka, Mulatka, Russkaya odnosemyannaya, Efiopka cylindrical root crop Slavyanka round Smuglyanka. The yield of root crops on the background without fertilizers varied from 36.5 (mulatto) to 47.9 t/ha (Slavyanka). Application of fertilizers in the recommended dose contributed to an increase in yield, on average, by 20.3 without reducing the marketability of products. The most responsive to mineral fertilizers in the calculated dose (N120P60K180) were varieties Mulatka (33.1) and Smuglyanka (29). The introduction of doubled doses of mineral fertilizers did not lead to a further increase in crop yield. The Creole variety showed a maximum yield of 58.6 t/ha against the background (N240P120K360) growing table beet with the use of fertilizers in calculated and doubled doses reduces the variability in the yield of varieties over the years.

scholarly journals Morphological features of the plant Pyrethrum majus (Desf.) Tzvel. and variability of the component composition of essential oil during introduction in the North-East of the European part of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Vasilyevna Portnyagina ◽  
Vasiliy Vitalyevich Punegov ◽  
Elmira Elizbarovna Echishvili ◽  
Marina Gennadyevna Fomina ◽  
Ivan Vladimirovich Gruzdev
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Middle Taiga Subzone ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
European Part Of Russia

The paper presents the results of the research on the growth, development, and biochemical evaluation of introduced Pyrethrum majus plants in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic. It is established that in the conditions of culture the species is characterized by a high stability and winter hardiness. The phenology and dynamics of plant growth were studied. Morphological parameters of vegetative and generative shoots were determined. The yield of essential oil from the aboveground phytomass of P. majus and its component composition were studied. It was found that the content of essential oil of flowering plants varied over the years of research from 0,25 to 1,41% and depended on the weather conditions of the growing season. More than 190 components were found in the essential oil of P. majus plants using the method of GLC analysis, 48 of them were identified. The main terpenoids in the essential oil were S-(+) carvone (5465%), -tuyon (610%), TRANS-and CIS-p-Menta-2,8-dienols (2,32,8%), 1,8-Cineol (1,42,9%), CIS Menta-1(7)8-Dien-2ol (1,52,1%), germacrene d (1,21,8%) -cadinol (0,51,5%), -muurolol (0,22,6%). It was found that the component composition of the essential oil from perennial plants P. majus corresponds to the carvone-Tuyon chemotype and did not change significantly due to the meteorological conditions of the environment. Taking into account a high adaptation of plants of this species to the conditions of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, high indicators of aboveground phytomass with a sufficient content of essential oil, P. majus can be successfully cultivated in the North as a promising spicy-aromatic medicinal and ornamental plant.

scholarly journals Main directions of development of agro-technologies for production of spring wheat species for sustainable agriculture in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00071
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of research conducted in different soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region on the influence of regulated factors, as well as environmental factors on the production process of plants of various types of spring wheat. The amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is enough to obtain yields within 12–13 tons of dry biomass or 6–7 tons of grain. Natural precipitation is able to provide 3.82–4.36 t of spring wheat grain from 1 ha, and 4.5–6.3 t/ha by the total influence of solar energy, heat and moisture supply. Natural level of soil fertility without application of organic and mineral fertilizers allows to receive about 2 tons of spring wheat grain from 1 ha. Application of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac water (N-20.5 %) increased the yield in comparison with the use of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac saltpeter: the increase was 0.14 t per 1 ha. In the conditions of grey forest soil in the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan the optimal norm of sowing of spring wheat Triticum dicoccum Schuebl (spelt) depending on the feeding background was established. Growth of yield at sowing of 6 million seeds per hectare at all levels of nutrition in comparison with sowing rate of 4 million tons per hectare was 0.18 tons per hectare against the natural background, against the estimated background of NRC on 2.0 tons of grain – 0.19 tons and 2.5 tons of grain – 0.24 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase was received at a combination of a mineral foodstuff with an optimum norm of sowing and has made on a settlement background 2 tons of grain from hectare – 0.20 tons, on 2.5 tons of grain – 0.34 tons from hectare. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop methods of growing high yielding quality grain of different types of wheat adapted to the conditions of forest-steppe in the Volga region.

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