scholarly journals T RIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF MUSTARD SEEDS OIL UNDER DIFFERENT LOADS USING PIN-ON-DISK TRIBOTESTER

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-537
Author(s):  
Mohammed H Jabal ◽  
Muhannad Z Khlefia ◽  
Abdulmunem R Abdulmunem
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emission ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
American Society ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Commercial Lubricant ◽  
Mustard Seeds ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Vegetable oil has been investigated to displace products which are derived frompetroleum because of its environmentally-safe properties and has become a vital source forbio-lubricants. Vegetable oil availability as one of the renewable sources is one of theusefulness of it. Additionally, the vegetable oils based lubricant has indicated the potentialsfor reducing carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emission while operating in internalcombustion engines and in industrial processes. In this study, the mustard seeds oil wasinvestigated to study its lubricant characteristics under different loads while comparing itwith commercial lubricant using a pin-on-disk tribometer. The whole experiential workswere corresponding to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM G99).Under lowload, the results exhibit that the mustard seeds oil shows adequate tribological characteristicscompared to other petroleum oil samples. In conclusion, the mustard seeds oil has a betterwear and friction resistance. Therefore, mustard seeds oil can be used for lubrication ofmating components.

The Tribological Characteristic of the Blends of Rbd Palm Olein with Mineral Oil Using Four-ball Tribotester

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan Jabal ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
S. Syahrullail
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Mineral Lubricant ◽  
Commercial Lubricant

Vegetable oils are sustainable fluids which have been promoted to replace petroleum-based oils due to its environment friendly characteristics; it is being a very important supply of biolubricant. The excellent advantage of vegetable oil is the fact it is really which can be used environment friendly supplier. In addition, vegetable oil based lubricant clearly show the possibility to minimize carbon monoxide also hydrocarbon emissions when used in IC engines. There are basically two different ways to using vegetable oil to be a bio-lubricant, either one by directly use the pure vegetable oil with additives or use certain blending ratio of vegetable oil with mineral lubricant. In this paper, the influences of the blending ratio of mineral oil with RBD palm olein on the tribological characteristics were investigated and compared with commercial lubricant oil by using the four ball tribotester. The blending ratio was varied from neat with interval of 20% by volume. All experimental works were conforming to ASTM D4172. The results exhibited that the blend of RBD palm olein with commercial lubricant oil has lower the wear scar of ball bearings and coefficient of friction compared to commercial lubricant oil. As a conclusion, the blending of RBD palm olein with commercial lubricant oil has better performance compared to commercial lubricant oil or pure RBD palm olein.

Enhancing AW/EP tribological characteristics of biolubricant synthesized from chemically modified cotton methyl-esters by using nanoparticle as additives

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustabshirha Gul ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam ◽  
Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli ◽  
Masjuki Hj. Hassan ◽  
Md. Mujtaba Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Optimistic Solution ◽  
American Society ◽  
Commercial Lubricant

Purpose The purpose of this study is to improve the tribological characteristics of cotton-biolubricant by adding nanoparticles at extreme pressure (EP) conditions in comparison with commercial lubricant SAE-40. Design/methodology/approach This research involved the synthesis of cotton-biolubricant by transesterification process and then the addition of nanoparticles in it to improve anti wear (AW)/EP tribological behavior. SAE-40 was studied as a reference commercial lubricant. AW/EP characteristics of all samples were estimated by the four-ball tribo-tester according to the American Society for Testing and Materials D2783 standard. Findings The addition of 1-Wt.% TiO2 and Al2O3 with oleic acid surfactant in cotton-biolubricant decreased wear scar diameter effectively and enhanced the lubricity, load-wear-index, weld-load and flash-temperature-parameters. This investigation revealed that cotton-biolubricant with TiO2 nano-particle additive is more effective and will help in developing new efficient biolubricant to replace petroleum-based lubricants. Research limitations/implications Cotton biolubricant with TiO2 nano-particles appeared as an optimistic solution for the global bio-lubricant market. Originality/value No one has not studied the cotton biolubricant with nanoparticles for internal combustion engine applications at high temperature and EP conditions.

Temperature, Adjuvants, and UV Light Affect Sethoxydim Phytotoxicity

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Matysiak ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Secondary Alcohol ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Spray Deposit ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Deposit Characteristics ◽  
Effective Treatments

Experiments were conducted using oat in the greenhouse to determine phytotoxicity and spray deposit characteristics of sethoxydim on oat as influenced by adjuvants, ultraviolet (UV) light, and temperature at and shortly after application. Petroleum oil of low viscosity was equal or more effective with sethoxydim when applied at 10 than at 25 C, but high-viscosity petroleum oil was more effective at 25 than at 10 C. UV light reduced sethoxydim efficacy more for high- than low-viscosity petroleum oil adjuvant at 25 C, but not at 10 C. Commercial vegetable oil adjuvant was less effective with sethoxydim at 10 than at 25 C, and UV light reduced efficacy at both temperatures. Commercial methylated vegetable oil was the most effective adjuvant and efficacy was only slightly reduced by UV light at 25 C. A secondary alcohol surfactant that is considered hydrophilic enhanced sethoxydim efficacy even when exposed to UV light. Adjuvants that gave discernible uniform spray deposits with close contact to the epicuticular surface, including over anticlinal walls, resulted in the most effective treatments. The results indicated that temperature at application is important to adjuvant efficacy, partly because of the effect on spray deposit characteristics.

scholarly journals Friction Resistance of Refined, Bleached and Deodorized (RBD) Palm Olein Using Modified Pin-on-disk Tribotester

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Izhan ◽  
A. K. Mohammed Rafiq ◽  
S. Syahrullail
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Wear Friction ◽  
Pin On Disk

Daya geseran untuk minyak sawit olein yang ditapis, diluntur dan dinyahbau (RBD olein) telah dinilai dengan menggunakan alat tribotester pin-atas-cakera. RBD olein telah dipilih kerana sifat-sifat unggul tribologi dan pengeluarannya yang besar di Malaysia. Dalam kajian ini, 5ml minyak RBD olein telah digunakan pada cakera beralur. Pin yang mempunyai hujung rata telah digunakan sebagai bahan ujikaji. Cakera dan pin diperbuat daripada titanium alloy. Beban normal yang dikenakan pada pin ialah 4.96N dan 19.68N. Ujikaji telah dijalankan selama satu jam. Kadar haus pin dan pekali geseran telah dikira. Ujikaji yang sama telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan minyak hidraulik komersial dan minyak mineral jenis parafinik yang tidak mengandungi bahan tambah. Pekali geseran yang dihasilkan oleh pelinciran minyak sawit RBD olein adalah terendah berbanding minyak mineral parafinik pada kedua-dua jenis beban(4.96N dan 19.68N). Bagaimanapun, minyak sawit RBD olein menunjukkan kadar haus yang tinggi berbanding minyak mineral parafinik pada beban normal 19.68N. Kata kunci: Pin-atas-cakera; minyak sawit; palm olein; haus; pekali geseran A friction resistance of refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm olein was evaluated using a modified pin-on-disk tribotester. RBD palm olein was selected due to its superior tribological properties and large production in Malaysia. In this research, 5ml of RBD palm olein was applied on the rotating grooved-disk. The flat-ended pin was used as a specimen. The material was titanium for both pin and disk. The normal loads applied are 4.96N and 19.68N. The experiments were run for one hour. The wear rate of the pin and friction coefficient was calculated. Same experiments were conducted using commercial hydraulic oil and additive-free paraffinic mineral oil. The results were compared with RBD palm olein. The friction coefficient with the lubrication of RBD palm olein was the lowest for 4.96N and 19.68N under normal load conditions. Wear rate obtained by RBD palm olein at normal load 4.96N was the lowest; however, RBD palm olein showed a high wear rate when high normal load (19.68N) was applied. Keywords: Pin-on-disk; palm oil; palm olein; wear; friction coefficient

scholarly journals Wear Characteristics of 22MnB5 Boron Steel under Friction Micro Pin-on-Disks Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fairuz Rashid ◽  
◽  
Hadzley Abu Bakar ◽  
Abdul Aziz Adam ◽  
Mohd Basri Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Wear Area ◽  
Wear Characteristics ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment

22MnB5 Boron Steel can be considered as emerged material for high strength and low weight application. This material potentially used in abrasive condition such as cutting tool or brake pad where high friction resistance applies. In this study, the wear characteristics of 22MnB5 was investigated under the frictional tests via micro pin-on-disk. 22MnB5 Boron Steel was prepared the form of round shape within the size of 2.6 mm thickness and 12 mm diameter by using laser cutting. 4 different samples were tested namely blank (sample A), self-hardening heat treatment (sample B), 60 HRC hot stamped (sample C) and 70 HRC hot stamped (sample D). The results show that Coefficient of Friction (COF) increased as the hardness of 22MnB5 decreased. Low COF of 0.2114 recorded for sample D with 70 HRC hardness. The COF increased to 0.24, 0.29 and 0.3 when sample C (60 HRC), sample B (52 HRC) and sample A (45.5 HRC) applied respectively. For pin-on disc test, worn area decreased as the hardness increased. 22MnB5 that prepared with the highest hardness of 70 HRC presented smallest wear area of 700 µm x 2400 µm. It is followed by 800 µm x 2400 µm, 1000 µm x 2400 µm, 1600 µm x 2800 µm, when sample C, B and A were scratched. Observation on the worn surface revealed delamination of 22MnB5 surface in the form of fragmented flaking debris.

The Tribological Characteristics of RBD Palm Olein with Jatropha Oil Blend Using Four-Ball Tribotester with Different Normal Loads

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
Samion Syahrullail
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Oil Blend ◽  
Commercial Lubricant

Vegetable oils are bio-fluids that could replace petroleum-based products due to its environment friendly characteristics and becoming an important source of bio-lubricants. The great advantage of vegetable oils is that they are widely available, renewable source of bio-lubricants. Moreover, vegetable oil based lubricant have shown the potential to reduce carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions when operated in engines. There are two ways to use vegetable oil as a bio-lubricant, either use directly the neat vegetable oil without any additives or use with certain blending ratio of the vegetable oil with mineral lubricant. In this paper, the influences of the normal load on the tribological characteristics for the blending of two types of vegetable oils were investigated and compared with commercial lubricant oil by the use of the four ball tribotester. The vegetable blends are RBD palm olein and Jatropha oil ratio of RBD40/J60. All experimental works were conforming to ASTM D4172. The results exhibited that the both blending of RBD palm olein and Jatropha oil has lower the wear scar of ball bearings and coefficient of friction compared to commercial lubricant oil. As a conclusion, the blending of RBD palm olein and Jatropha oil has better performance compared to commercial lubricant oil or neat RBD palm olein.

scholarly journals A review- bioremediation of oil sludge contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Riju Chandra Saha ◽  
Auchib Reza ◽  
Muhammad Sakib Hasan ◽  
Piash Saha
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Safe Technology ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Process Material

Petroleum oil as a vast source of energy widely used in the whole world in several sectors especially in industry and transportation. The leakage or contamination of oil from pipeline, tank, and industry as a form of oil sludge with soil can produce major environmental and health hazard. Bioremediation is one of the most economical and environmentally safe technology to prevent this contamination though it takes longer time. This paper reviews the basic processes involved in bioremediation, types and the factors affecting it. This study includes some previously adopted different bioremediation methods varies with different process material such as refinery treatment sludge, sewage sludge, microbial organism, bulking agents and different chemical additives. The comparison of these methods is presented in respect of the removal efficiency of an entire process as well as the TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon), aliphatic, aromatic, resins, asphaltene fraction of oil sludge within the different period of time.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE FEATURES OF THE SUNFLOWER SEEDS OIL AS A HYDRAULIC BIO FLUID UNDER VARIOUS NORMAL LOADS

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan Jabal ◽  
Muhannad Zedan Khlefia ◽  
Israa S. Ahmed ◽  
Hind Dawood Salman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Hydraulic Fluid ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Fluid Sample ◽  
Ic Engines ◽  
American Society

Plant (vegetable) oils are renewable fluids. They have been developed to replace mineral-based fluids. Due to their distinguished features including eco-friendly properties and possibility of reducing the hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide emission when being used in the industrial processes or internal combustion (IC) engines, they are considered a sustainable source of biodegradable fluids. In this work, non-edible sunflower oil is investigated as a bio hydraulic fluid under various normal loads utilizing the four-ball tribotester. Considering the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM 4172-B) standard, all the experiments are conducted for different loads from 45 kg to 70 kg, the balk temperature was increased until 75°C, rotational speed to 1200 rpm and every experiment was run for one hour. Compared with the mineral-based fluid sample, the outcomes shown that the sunflower oil possesses sufficient properties (anti-wear and anti-friction) especially under lower than 60 kg as a normal load. The results also shown that the sunflower oil is capable to be utilized as a hydraulic fluid.

Wear Resistance Characteristic of Vegetable Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Samion Syahrullail ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
I. Golshokouh
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Condition Method ◽  
Temperature Parameter ◽  
American Society

The main source for lubricant oils is mineral oils, but the source of mineral oils are depleting from day to day and it is also a major cause for environmental pollution in the world. This aim of research is to introduce vegetable oil as an alternative source of lubricant oil in industrial applications. In this study, we measured the physical properties of Jatropha, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and empty fruit bunches. All experiment were done according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) condition, method B and with the use of four-ball tribotester, CCD camera, microscope and viscometer to obtain results. The test oils were measured of their coefficient of friction, wear, viscosity and flash temperature parameter. To evaluate the results, the same conditions were applied for all experiments with the use of engine and hydraulic mineral oil. The results showed that the anti-friction ability of Jatropha oil and PFAD was higher than the engine and hydraulic mineral oils.

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