Prevalence and determinants of non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aljoharah Algabbani ◽  
Amani Alqahtani ◽  
Nasser BinDhim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Sustainable Health

Abstract Background Chronic diseases are considered the leading cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia. With a lack of national health surveillance systems, this study examines chronic disease prevalence and multimorbidity and their associated factors in Saudi Arabia. Methods Data was pooled from two cross-sectional national surveys conducted across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia between March and July 2018. The study targeted Arabic speakers aged 18 years or older. The presence of chronic diseases was assessed according to self-reported medical diagnoses of chronic conditions. Multimorbidity was assessed based on the reported number of diseases (no condition, at least 1, and ≥ 2 conditions). Factors associated with chronic diseases’ presence were examined using regression analysis. Results Out of the total participants (N= 7,317), the most reported chronic conditions were cardiovascular diseases (15.1%) followed by respiratory diseases (14.16%). The multimorbidity prevalence (≥ 2 chronic conditions) was nearly 5.6% (n= 564). Factors found to be significantly associated with the presence of chronic diseases were age, gender, employment status, marital status, and smoking. The findings showed that those who rated their health as fair or poor were almost three times more likely to be diagnosed with at least one chronic condition (95% CI: 2.21 - 3.56, P <0.001). Conclusions The study found a proportion of Saudis living with chronic diseases and multimorbidity with the highest risk among elderly people. The study findings are useful in building a sustainable health surveillance system and designing effective health policies and interventions to tackle the burden of chronic disease in Saudi Arabia.  

scholarly journals Levels and predictors of fear and health anxiety during the current outbreak of COVID-19 in immunocompromised and chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional correlational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250554
Author(s):  
Jehan S. Al-Rahimi ◽  
Nada M. Nass ◽  
Shahira A. Hassoubah ◽  
Dhuha Y. Wazqar ◽  
Soha A. Alamoudi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Disease Patients ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has become a clinical threat to healthy people as well as immunocompromised patients and those with pre-existing chronic diseases around the world. This study, which used a cross-sectional correlational design, aimed to assess the levels of fear and health anxiety and to investigate their predictors during the current outbreak of COVID-19 in immunocompromised and chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia. Sociodemographic and clinical data, fear of COVID-19, and health anxiety measurements were collected by online surveys from June 15 to July 15, 2020. Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors. A total of 1,030 patients in 13 provinces in Saudi Arabia completed the questionnaire. A significant number of patients with chronic diseases experienced considerable levels of fear and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak. It was found that 21.44% of participants met the criteria for anxiety cases, and 19.4% were considered borderline anxiety cases. In regression analysis, significant predictors of fear and health anxiety were female gender, lower education, middle-aged, divorced or widowed, receiving immunosuppressants, type of chronic disease (Crohn’s disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases), and media use as a source of knowledge about COVID-19. Immunocompromised and chronic disease patients are vulnerable to fear and anxiety during epidemic infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Optimizing this population’s compliance with appropriate infection prevention and control strategies is crucial during the infectious outbreaks to ensure their safety, to decrease the risk of infection and serious complications, and reduce their fear and health anxiety. Effective positive psychological interventions and support strategies also need to be immediately implemented to increase psychological resilience and improve the mental health of these patients. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia need special attention from health authorities, policymakers, and healthcare professionals to manage maladaptive forms of health anxiety and fear.

scholarly journals Perception of Threat and Psychological Impact of COVID-19 among Expatriates in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6650
Author(s):  
Majed A. Algarni ◽  
Mohammad S. Alzahrani ◽  
Yasser Alatawi ◽  
Raghad A. Alasmari ◽  
Hashem O. Alsaab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Perception Of Threat

In the first few months of the pandemic, Makkah region reported the highest number of COVID-19 cases among all regions in Saudi Arabia. More than 80% of these reported cases were non-Saudi residents. In this study, we evaluated the perceived threat from and psychological impact of COVID-19 among non-Saudi residents of Makkah region. This was a cross-sectional analysis of data collected using a standardized self-report questionnaire. A total of 292 expatriates were included in the study, the majority of whom were non-Arabic speakers. The prevalence of self-reported depression was nearly 40%, anxiety was 32%, and stress was 43%. The findings indicated variability in the prevalence of psychological symptoms among expatriates from different ethnic backgrounds. Additionally, work environment and perceived threat were strong predictors of psychological disorders. This suggested that the perceived threat from and psychological burden of COVID-19 among non-Saudis in Makkah region is substantial. Future research should investigate the reasons behind these variations in the psychological impact of the pandemic among different ethnic groups.

scholarly journals The Necessity of Mobile Phone Technologies for Public Health Surveillance in Benin

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaovi M. G. Hounmanou ◽  
Murielle S. S. Agonsanou ◽  
Victorien Dougnon ◽  
Mahougnon H. B. Vodougnon ◽  
Ephraim M. Achoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Phone Calls

A cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2016 to assess the need of mobile phone technologies for health surveillance and interventions in Benin. Questionnaires were administered to 130 individuals comprising 25 medical professionals, 33 veterinarians, and 72 respondents from the public. All respondents possess cell phones and 75%, 84%, and 100% of the public, medical professionals, and veterinarians, respectively, generally use them for medical purposes. 75% of respondents including 68% of medics, 84.8% of veterinarians, and 72.2% of the public acknowledged that the current surveillance systems are ineffective and do not capture and share real-time information. More than 92% of the all respondents confirmed that mobile phones have the potential to improve health surveillance in the country. All respondents reported adhering to a nascent project of mobile phone-based health surveillance and confirmed that there is no existing similar approach in the country. The most preferred methods by all respondents for effective implementation of such platform are phone calls (96.92%) followed by SMS (49.23%) and smart phone digital forms (41.53%). This study revealed urgent needs of mobile phone technologies for health surveillance and interventions in Benin for real-time surveillance and efficient disease prevention.

scholarly journals The influence of primary health care organizational models on patients’ experience of care in different chronic disease situations

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Pineault ◽  
S Provost ◽  
M Hamel ◽  
A Couture ◽  
JF Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Experience Of Care ◽  
Primary Health

Objectives To examine the extent to which experience of care varies across chronic diseases, and to analyze the relationship of primary health care (PHC) organizational models with the experience of care reported by patients in different chronic disease situations. Methods We linked a population survey and a PHC organizational survey conducted in two regions of Quebec. We identified five groups of chronic diseases and contrasted these with a no–chronic-disease group. Results Accessibility of care is low for all chronic conditions and shows little variation across diseases. The contact and the coordination-integrated models are the most accessible, whereas the single-provider model is the least. Process and outcome indices of care experience are much higher than accessibility for all conditions and vary across diseases, with the highest being for cardiovascular-risk-factors and the lowest for respiratory diseases (for people aged 44 and under). However, as we move from risk factors to more severe chronic conditions, the coordination-integrated and community models are more likely to generate better process of care, highlighting the greater potential of these two models to meet the needs of more severely chronically ill individuals within the Canadian health care system.

scholarly journals Cuidado à família da criança com doença crônica

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
Jessica Cardoso Vaz ◽  
Viviane Marten Milbrath ◽  
Ruth Irmgard Bärtschi Gabatz ◽  
Fábio Reis Krug ◽  
Bárbara Hirschmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Virtual Library ◽  
Pediatric Nursing ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
Children With Chronic Conditions

RESUMOObjetivo: conhecer o que vem sendo produzido sobre o cuidado à família da criança com doença crônica. Método: revisão integrativa que buscou conhecer as publicações dos últimos 10 anos nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, INDEX PSICOL e na biblioteca virtual SciELO. Após a leitura dos artigos selecionados, foram analisados os dados dos estudos referentes à autoria, objetivos, ano de publicação, método e nível de evidência. Resultados: com base nos achados, foram definidas duas categorias temáticas << Enfrentando o diagnóstico da doença crônica, mudança de hábitos e reorganização familiar >> e << Rotinas de cuidado das famílias com crianças com condição crônica >>. Conclusão: as famílias das crianças com doença crônica são afastadas de suas rotinas, muitas vezes, perdendo o controle sobre suas vidas. Acredita-se que se a família for bem informada sobre a patologia e empoderada para os cuidados à criança, esta poderá desenvolver autonomia sobre a organização da sua vida. Descritores: Família; Criança; Doença Crônica; Empatia; Enfermagem Pediátrica; Revisão.ABSTRACT Objective: to know what has been produced about the care provided for families of children with chronic disease. Method: integrative review that sought to survey the publications of the last 10 years in the MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, INDEX PSICOL databases and in the virtual library SciELO. After reading the selected articles, we analyzed data of the studies regarding authorship, objectives, year of publication, method and level of evidence. Results: the findings led to two thematic categories << Facing the diagnosis of a chronic disease, change of habits and family reorganization >> and << Care routines of families with children with chronic conditions >>. Conclusion: Families of children with chronic diseases have their routines modified, often losing control over their lives. We believe that if families are well informed about the pathology and if they are empowered to care for the child, they will be able to develop autonomy over the organization of their lives. Descriptors: Family; Child; Chronic disease; Empathy; Pediatric Nursing; Review.RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer lo que viene siendo producido sobre el cuidado a la familia del niño con enfermedad crónica. Método: revisión integradora que buscó conocer las publicaciones de los últimos 10 años en las bases de datos MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, INDEX PSICOL y en la biblioteca virtual SciELO. Después de la lectura de los artículos seleccionados, fueron analizados los datos de los estudios referentes a la autoría, objetivos, año de publicación, método y nivel de evidencia. Resultados: con base en los hallados, fueron definidas dos categorías temáticas << Enfrentando el diagnóstico de la enfermedad crónica, cambio de hábitos y reorganización familiar >> y << Rutinas de cuidado de las familias con niños con condición crónica >>. Conclusión: las familias de los niños con enfermedades crónica son alejados de sus rutinas, muchas veces, perdiendo el control sobre sus vidas. Se cree que si la familia fuera bien informada sobre la patología y empoderada para los cuidados al niño, esta podrá desarrollar autonomía sobre la organización de su vida. Descriptores: Familia; Niño; Enfermedad Crónica; Empatía; Enfermería Pediátrica; Revisión.

scholarly journals The Effects of Chronic Disease on Ambulatory Care–Sensitive Hospitalizations for Children or Youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117863291987942
Author(s):  
Charles D Phillips ◽  
Chau Truong ◽  
Hye-Chung Kum ◽  
Obioma Nwaiwu ◽  
Robert Ohsfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Complex Chronic Disease ◽  
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Hospitalizations ◽  
Ambulatory Care Sensitive

Considerable research has focused on hospitalizations for ambulatory care–sensitive conditions (ACSHs), but little of that research has focused on the role played by chronic disease in ACSHs involving children or youth (C/Y). This research investigates, for C/Y, the effects of chronic disease on the likelihood of an ACSH. The database included 699 473 hospital discharges for individuals under 18 in Texas between 2011 and 2015. Effects of chronic disease, individual, and contextual factors on the likelihood of a discharge involving an ACSH were estimated using logistic regression. Contrary to the results for adults, the presence of chronic diseases or a complex chronic disease among children or youth was protective, reducing the likelihood of an ACSH for a nonchronic condition. Results indicate that heightened ambulatory care received by C/Y with chronic diseases is largely protective. Two of more chronic conditions or at least one complex chronic condition significantly reduced the likelihood of an ACSH.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Chronic Diseases and Activity-Limiting Disability among Roma and Non-Roma People: A Cross-Sectional, Census-Based Investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincze ◽  
Földvári ◽  
Pálinkás ◽  
Sipos ◽  
Janka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Roma Ethnicity ◽  
Roma Health

The lack of recommended design for Roma health-monitoring hinders the interventions to improve the health status of this ethnic minority. We aim to describe the riskiness of Roma ethnicity using census-derived data and to demonstrate the value of census for monitoring the Roma to non-Roma gap. This study investigated the self-declared occurrence of at least one chronic disease and the existence of activity limitations among subjects with chronic disease by the database of the 2011 Hungarian Census. Risks were assessed by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) from logistic regression analyses controlled for sociodemographic factors. Roma ethnicity is a risk factor for chronic diseases (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.16–1.18) and for activity limitation in everyday life activities (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.17–1.23), learning-working (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.21–1.27), family life (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.16–1.28), and transport (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06). The population-level impact of Roma ethnicity was 0.39% (95% CI: 0.37–0.41) for chronic diseases and varied between 0 and 1.19% for activity limitations. Our investigations demonstrated that (1) the Roma ethnicity is a distinct risk factor with significant population level impact for chronic disease occurrence accompanied with prognosis worsening influence, and that (2) the census can improve the Roma health-monitoring system, primarily by assessing the population level impact.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on effect of non-communicable diseases on prevalent oral health conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasim Farooq Shah ◽  
Irfan Ashraf Baba ◽  
Subha Soumya Dany ◽  
Manu Batra
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
General Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are defined as diseases of long duration, generally progress slowly and are the major cause of adult mortality and morbidity worldwide. NCDs mainly lead by four diseases which include: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), cancers and chronic respiratory diseases. Poor oral health reflects the general health, and several oral diseases are related to chronic diseases. The aim and objectives was to find casual association between NCDs with oral disease and further aims to provide evidence to health care providers regarding the significance of oral health while treating the patients for NCDs.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted to examine the oral health status of patients with NCD reporting to Dental OPD of Government Dental College and Hospital, Srinagar.  This hospital based study done through a convenience sampling technique, using a questionnaire and oral examination. A self-administered questionnaire was written in English language and was also translated in local language, first part of questionnaire was used to collect the demographic details, second part was designed regarding the medication history, oral habits such as smoking and consumption of betel nuts, medical history and earlier visit to dentist, cleaning of teeth, significance of dental health and its effect on general health and the third part of questionnaire was completely based on dental examination. The data was entered manually on Microsoft excel and then analyzed on statistical package SPSS version 20. Associations between different variables were assessed through application of χ2. The Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20.0.Results: The present study was established with a sample of 300 participants. Male to female ratio was 2:3. Mean age of the participants was 46.6 years. It was observed that out of the total patients who visited the dentist, 42% (n=126) suffered from some chronic disease. 61% (n=183) were oblivious of the importance of dental health. When inquired if oral health affects general health 58.6% (n= 176) acknowledged its importance. 59 participants who lost more than three teeth who had chronic disease, 58.6% (n=176) respondents presented with bleeding gums, 66.3% (n=199) with food deposition, 52% (n=158) had halitosis, 26% (n= 78) had oral ulceration, 22.3% (n=67).Conclusions: It was concluded from this study that majority of participants with chronic diseases had poor oral health which requires immediate attention from the medical practitioners as well as dentists should counsel patients for maintenance and promotion of oral health.

scholarly journals The Association between Obesity and Chronic Conditions: Results from a Large Electronic Health Records System in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12361
Author(s):  
Suliman Alghnam ◽  
Saleh A. Alessy ◽  
Mohamed Bosaad ◽  
Sarah Alzahrani ◽  
Ibrahim I. Al Alwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact

This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of obesity and its association with diabetes and hypertension among beneficiaries in the National Guard Health Affairs system of Saudi Arabia. We included individuals aged 17 years and older, and patients were classified as diabetic or hypertensive if they had any visit during the 4 years where the primary diagnosis was one of those conditions or they were taking diabetes or hypertension medications. The association between obesity (body mass index ≥30) and diabetes and hypertension were evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model, adjusting for age, gender, nationality, and region. A total of 616,092 individuals were included. The majority were Saudi nationals (93.1%). Approximately 68% of the population were either obese (38.9%) or overweight (29.30%). Obesity was more prevalent among Saudi nationals (39.8% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.01) and females (45.3% vs. 31.2%, p < 0.01). Obesity was independently associated with diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.24, p < 0.01) and hypertension (OR = 2.15, p < 0.01). The prevalence of obesity in the study population was alarming and more pronounced among women. Our findings call for efforts to intensify preventive measures to reduce obesity and associated conditions. Using electronic records to examine the impact of interventions to reduce obesity and chronic conditions may help monitor and improve population health.

scholarly journals Evaluation of “being healthy, being away from chronic diseases” public service advertisement in Chongqing, China: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Hu ◽  
Ting ting Wu ◽  
Cheng bin Wu ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Zhirong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
The Public

Background: Chronic diseases have become a global public health issue, and mass media campaigns are often used to encourage and sustain positive behavior change. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of public service advertising on the awareness of Chongqing citizens. Methods: The theme of the public service advertisement launched in Chongqing was “being healthy, being away from chronic diseases.” A self-designed questionnaire was used in an outdoor intercept survey to collect information about the perception of citizens toward the effect of the advertisement on cognitive situations. Results: A total of 985 valid questionnaires were received. Respondents had good understanding of chronic disease (23.6±4.1, total score: 30), but only 58.4% of participants thought cancer is one type of chronic disease. The awareness of cancer as a chronic disease among the group who had seen this advertisement (63.6%) was higher than that of the group who had not seen the advertisement (56.5%) (p=0.046). After watching the advertisement, approximately 77.4% of participants attempted to remind their family and friends to prevent chronic diseases, roughly 78.2% tried to persuade their family and friends to change their unhealthy lifestyle habits, and 73.2% of participants reported that it increased the possibility of their own lifestyle change. Logistic regression analysis indicates that occupation, educational level, watching the advertising through TV, watching the advertising through indoor LED screen, and watching the advertising through mobile TV affected the three post-viewing behavior changes Conclusion : The public service advertisement achieved a certain knowledge propaganda effect. It may help change awareness and improve health behavior of the public. Key words: Public service advertisement , Chronic diseases, Health; Awareness, Behavior

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