scholarly journals Cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-156
Author(s):  
Alexander Vasyaev ◽  
Viktor Shestak
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
The West ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Former Ussr

The article subject is cyberbullying and cybermobbing. The emphasis is placed on the legal practice of combating cyberbullying and cybermobbing issues in developing countries, since these phenomena are still insufficiently studied. The developing countries legislation is compared with doctrinal and practical developments in the fight against the studied problem in developed countries of the West and former USSR. Experiment was conducted to determine the methods effectiveness to combat cyberbullying using the social networks built-in extensions. 40 random accounts were taken in equal parts related to "male" and "female" representatives, from 18 to 30 years old. The article indicates cyber-mobbing and cyberbullying concepts and their varieties, existing in modern world. The study examines statistical data, programs and measures of different states in fight against cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing. Experiments results showed that Instagram users are aware of the built-in extensions availability of the social network to protect against cyberbullying and use them relatively frequently. With that, female segment of Instagram users is more concerned about comments content under their photos than the male one. Measures have been developed to prevent and counteract cyberbullying and cybermobbing, introduction of which into the states policies might help in the fight against these social phenomena.

Cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing in developing countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Kintonova ◽  
Alexander Vasyaev ◽  
Viktor Shestak
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Former Ussr

Purpose This paper aims to consider modern internet phenomena such as cyberbullying and cybermobbing. The emphasis in the paper is placed on the problematic issues of the legal practice of combating cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing in developing countries as these phenomena are still insufficiently studied. The subject of this paper is modern internet phenomena such as cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing. The emphasis in the paper is placed on the problematic issues of the legal practice of combating cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing in developing countries as these phenomena are still insufficiently studied. Design/methodology/approach The legislation of developing countries is compared with doctrinal and practical developments in the fight against the studied problem in developed countries of the West, as well as countries of the former USSR. Moreover, experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of methods to combat cyberbullying using social networks. Thus, 40 random accounts of people (presumably from 18 to 30 years old) were analyzed. Findings This paper indicates the concepts of cyber-mobbing and cyberbullying, as well as their varieties that exist in the modern world. This study examines statistical data, programs and measures of different states in the fight against cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing. Results of experiments showed that Instagram users are aware of the availability of built-in extensions of the social network to protect against cyberbullying and use them relatively frequently. With that, female segment of Instagram users is more concerned about the content of the comments under their photos than the male one. Originality/value Measures have been developed to prevent and counteract cyberbullying and cyber-mobbing, the introduction of which into the policies of states might help in the fight against these social phenomena.

scholarly journals Methodology to Identify and Prioritise the Social Aspects to Be Considered in the Design of More Sustainable Residential Buildings—Application to a Developing Country

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisreen Ardda ◽  
Ricardo Mateus ◽  
Luís Bragança
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Social

The priorities in the design of more sustainable buildings are quite dependent on the specific social context. In developing countries, the sustainability concept and priorities in the residential buildings sector are quite different from the ones of the developed countries, since there are still basic needs to answer. Therefore, this research is aimed at contributing to a better understanding of the concept of social sustainability in the residential building sector of the developing countries. A methodology to define and prioritise the social sustainability indicators is proposed and applied in the context of Palestine. The presented methodology is based on the sustainability indicators of international standards, on the most well know building sustainability assessment methods and in the analysis of their application to a specific context. It includes a methodology to prioritise the list of social indicators, by considering the expectations of two groups of building stakeholders: designers and building users. At the end, this research proposes a framework of social aspects to consider in the design of more sustainable residential buildings in West Bank, Palestine that is composed of twenty-one indicators, distributed among six sustainability categories and ranked according to their weight in the overall of sustainability level.

UNEMPLOYMENT AS A SIGN OF INSTABILITY IN SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Р. Х. Азиева ◽  
Х. Э. Таймасханов
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

В современном мировом пространстве политика государств сопряжена с решением такой глобальной проблемы, как безработица. За последние три десятилетия безработица стала одной из наиболее значимых проблем не только в развивающихся, но и в развитых странах, так как безработица приводит к массовой нищете и угрожает социальной и политической стабильности. В статье представлены масштабы изменений в сфере занятости в условиях неопределенности и дана оценка влияния происходящих процессов на изменения структуры занятости. А также авторами представлены рекомендации по стабилизации рынка труда для недопущения высокого уровня безработицы и падения уровня жизни населения. In the modern world space, the policy of states is associated with the solution of such a global problem as unemployment. Over the past three decades, unemployment has become one of the most significant problems, not only in developing countries, but also in developed countries, as unemployment leads to mass poverty and threatens social and political stability. The article presents the scale of changes in the field of employment in conditions of uncertainty and assesses the impact of the processes on changes in the structure of employment. The authors also present recommendations for stabilizing the labor market to prevent high unemployment and falling living standards of the population.

Cycle of Poverty in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-139
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Idowu Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Cycle ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty ◽  
Do So

Poverty is no longer fashionable even in the less developed countries of the world. The world has deemed poverty-ridden regions of the world as ‘anathema', forbidden, and ignoble. At the same time ways to get out of the menace are regularly strategised over a period of time. The developed countries of the world had been able to nip poverty to the bud significantly, but the developing countries still have a lot to do so as to overcome the menace. Poverty in the developing countries operates in a cycle of repetitions. This makes it difficult to curtail. How can poverty be reduced in the developing countries? This study reveals the reason while poverty has become a domestic phenomenon in developing countries and the way forward. The theory on poverty is evaluated alongside the present economic situation in Africa. The cycle of poverty, which includes the social cycle of poverty (SCP), political cycle of poverty (PCP), and the economic cycle of poverty (ECP), are examined. This study analyses the strategies to break the cycle of poverty in Africa and other developing countries.

Trends in Global Oil Investments Over the Past 20 Years

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Shirobokova ◽  
Fe Amor Parel Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Relationship

Today, energy is an irreplaceable resource without which it is impossible to imagine the life of modern society. Oil, as the most important energy resource, has a significant impact on both individual economies and the world economy. The main objective of this chapter is to identify the relationship between oil supply and oil demand of developed and developing countries on the example of OECD and Former Soviet Union countries. The changes that took place in supply and demand in the oil market from 2000 to 2020 are investigated. The chapter uses graphic and mathematical analysis. It is clear with a fair amount of confidence that the oil demand in developed countries is higher than their supply, and the supply of oil in developing countries is rather more than demand. Also, the chapter draws attention to investments in the oil industry, including on the example of Russia as a former USSR country, analyzes their current state, and draws appropriate conclusions.

Road Safety Model: Some Fundamental Ideas

1996 ◽  
Vol 1563 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis P. D. Navin ◽  
Arthur Bergan ◽  
Guanyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Accident Statistics

A fundamental relationship has been developed that explains road accident statistics in developed and developing countries. The model uses two variables, traffic hazard measured as deaths per vehicle and motorization measured as vehicles per person, to estimate personal hazard as deaths per person. Special cases of the model are those by Smeed, Trinca et al., and Koornstra. The model of fatalities has two extremes. Early motorization has high traffic hazard and personal safety is low and increasing. Full motorization is characterized by a moderate and falling traffic hazard and a low and decreasing personal safety. Between these extremes, there is a maximum number of fatalities per population. Models for personal injury and total road accidents in developed countries appear to follow a similar trend. Available world data fit the proposed relationships well. The models allow planners and engineers to estimate the future maximum road fatalities for developing countries. The model has been extended to incorporate an automobile ownership model that explains some of the growth in motorization. A traffic hazard model is also outlined, in part on the basis of the ideas developed by Koornstra. The extended models should allow a more detailed analysis of some of the social and engineering factors that contribute to road safety.

scholarly journals The Social and Economic Correlates of Tobacco Consumption in Developing Countries Compared to Developed Countries: Evidence from Burkina Faso and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ernest Ouedraogo ◽  
Yienouyaba Gaetan Ouoba ◽  
Emmanuel Lompo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Shape Effect ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Social

This paper examines the socio-demographic and economic factors affecting tobacco consumption in a developing country like Burkina Faso compared to a developed country like Canada. Using nationally representative data from the 2016 round of Burkina Faso’s Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2015-2016, we estimated multivariate fixed effects models to identify the social and economic factors associated with tobacco consumption in these countries. We find evidence that age has an inverted U-shaped positive effect on cigarettes consumption in both countries with a peak at 24-35 years old in Burkina Faso and a peak at 40-54 years old in Canada. Second, being single increases the consumption of cigarettes while education and employment reduce cigarettes consumption in both countries. The gender gap in tobacco consumption between men and women is larger in Burkina Faso (5.021 cigarettes) compared to Canada (1.45 cigarettes). Third, while income have a negative impact on cigarettes consumption in Canada, it displays a U-shape effect in Burkina Faso. Hence, the social and economic context should be considered by the international organization while addressing the issue of smoking in developed and developing countries.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Women’s Decision to Study Computer Science: Is It Context Dependent?

10.28945/4296 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Sarah Genut ◽  
Bnaya Ori ◽  
Yifat Ben-David Kolikant
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
The West ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Future Work

Aim/Purpose: Our research goal was to examine the factors that motivate women to enroll in Computer Science (CS) courses in order to better understand the small number of women in the field of CS. Background: This work is in line with the growing interest in better understanding the problem of the underrepresentation of women in the field of CS. Methodology: We focused on a college that differs in its high numbers of female CS students. The student population there consists mostly of religious Jews; some of them are Haredi, who, because of their unique lifestyle, are expected to be the breadwinners in their family. Following group interviews with 18 students, a questionnaire was administered to all the female students and 449 of them responded. We analyzed it statistically. We compared the responses of the Haredi and non-Haredi students. Contribution: The main contribution of this work lies in the idea that studying the factors underlying women’s presence in a CS program in unique communities and cultures, where women are equally represented in the field, might shed light on the nature of this phenomenon, especially whether it is universal or confined to the surrounding culture. Findings: There were significant differences between the Haredi and non-Haredi women regarding the importance they attributed to different factors. Haredi women resemble, regarding some social and economic variables, women in developing countries, but differ in others. The non-Haredi women are more akin to Western women, yet they did not completely overlap. Both groups value their family and career as the most important factors in their lives. These factors unify women in the West and in developing countries, though with different outcomes. In the West, it deters women from studying CS, whereas in Israel and in Malaysia, other factors can overcome this barrier. Both groups attributed low importance to the masculine image of CS, found important in the West. Hence, our findings support the hypothesis that women’s participation in the field of CS is culturally dependent. Recommendations for Practitioners: It is important to learn about the culture within which women operate in order to attract more women to CS. Recommendations for Researchers: Future work is required to examine other loci where women are underrepre-sented in CS, as well as how the insights obtained in this study can be utilized to decrease women’s underrepresentation in other loci. Impact on Society: Women's underrepresentation in CS is an important topic for both economic and social justice reasons. It raises questions regarding fairness and equality. In the CS field the gender pay gaps are smaller than in other professional areas. Thus, resolving the underrepresentation of women in CS will serve as a means to decrease the social gender gap in other areas.

scholarly journals PUISI “ODE TO PUBIC HAIR” KARYA GWERFUL MECHAIN DAN PUISI “AKU MENCINTAIMU DENGAN SELURUH JEMBUTKU” KARYA SAUT SITUMORANG: SEBUAH TELAAH BANDINGAN

MABASAN ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
Kahar Dwi Prihantono
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sexual Enjoyment

Penelitian ini mencoba membandingkan puisi “Ode to Pubic Hair” karya Gwerful Mechaindan“ Aku mencintaiMu dengan seluruh jembutKu” karya Saut Situmorang dalam kerangka postmodernisme. Dua puisi tersebut dipilih karena keduanya unik, yakni memasukkan diksi “jembut” dan imajinasi seks dalam karya puisi. Pendekatan yang dipakai adalah pendekatan sastra bandingan Sussan Bassnet, pendekatan pragmatisme puisi Vahid dkk., dan beberapa pendekatan postmodernisme Pilliang dan Craig Calhoun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Puisi “Ode to Pubic Hair” dan “Aku mencintaiMu dengan seluruh jembutKu”sama-samamengungkap tiga idiom postmodernisme, yakni parodi, camp, dan skizofrenia. Idiom-idiom tersebut digunakan untuk menyatakan maksud penyair, yakni mengungkap imajinasi seks walaupun terdapat sedikit perbedaan yang mana Mechain mengimajinasikan coitus (yakni persenggamaan genetalia pria dan wanita) dan cunnilingus (aktivitas seksual dengan menjilat organ seksual wanita untuk memberikan kesenangan dan kenikmatan), sedangkan Saut mengimajinasikan seks oral fellatio (aktivitas seksual mengulum atau menjilat genetalia pria untuk memberikan kesenangan dan kenikmatan). Dari kedua imajinasi seks yang mereka pilih, Mechain mengungkap pemberontakan terhadap gejala sosial masyarakat patriarki dan ketatnya pengaruh gereja. Saut dengan imajinasi fellatio memperkukuh eksistensi patriarki. Dalam hal eksistensi dalam dunia sastra, Mechain mengungkap esensi perjuangan kesamaan hak atas kenikmatan seks dan wanita sebagai pengendali seks pria (feminisme eksistensialis), Saut mengungkap pemberontakan terhadap kaidah dan norma sastra modern sekaligus mengukuhkan alat eksistensi diri yang membedakannya dengan penyair-penyair lain. The research attempted to compare two poems, "Ode to Pubic Hair" by Gwerful Mechain and "Aku mencintaiMu dengan seluruh jembutKu" by Saut Situmorang, in a postmodernism framework. The two poems wereselected because of the uniqueness of theirs, both poems presented the diction of "pubic hair" and sexual imagination. The research applied Sussan Bassnet’s comparative literary approach, Vahid’s pragmatics approach to poetry analysis, and postmodern approaches of Pilliang’s and Craig Calhoun’s. The results of the study indicated that both poems revealed three postmodernism idioms, namely parody, camp, and schizophrenia. Those presented idioms expressedpotentialmotives of the poets’, namely to uncover the sexual imagination although there was a little difference in which Mechain imagined coitus (physical union of male and female genetalia) and cunnilingus (sexual activity of moving the tongue across the female sex organs in order to give pleasure and excitement), while Saut imagined fellatio (the sexual activity of sucking or moving the tongue across the penis in order to give pleasure and excitement). Of the two sexual imaginations they selected, Mechain revealed an uprising against the social phenomena in patriarchal society and the strict church’s influence. Saut, with his fellatio imagination, reinforced the existence of patriarchal values. In terms of their existence in world literature, Mechain revealed the essence of the equal rights struggle for sexual enjoyment and women as male’s sexual controller (existentialist feminism), Saut revealeda rebellion against rules and norms of modern literature as well as establishing his self-existence that distinguishedhim among poets.

scholarly journals The Problem of Definition of Christian Sociology

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Anahit JIJYAN ◽  
Romik KOCHARYAN ◽  
Nerses QOCHARYAN
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Soul ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Social State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Christian Socialism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Christian Sociology

This article suggests that different definitions of sociology follow from the different interpretations of its essence. The article points out also that a common flaw of many definitions of sociology is that they omit the intention and purpose of sociological science. Thereby, definitions of sociology by R. Kocharyan and A. Jijyan are presented, which explicitly mention the intentions and purposes of sociology. On the above basis, a preliminary definition of Christian sociology is suggested. Aimed at further elaboration of the subject, the authors consider the position of the Christian church regarding capitalism and socialism, the problem of free will, and certain aspects of Christian socialism related to the emergence of the social state in developed countries. This brings to a new understanding of the highest goal of the Christian religion – the salvation of the human soul – in the realities of the modern world. Accordingly, a definition of Christian sociology is presented with a detailed expression of its intention and purpose.

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