scholarly journals Ibn Khuzaymah Dan Takwil Hadis Sifat: Sebuah Analisis Kepada Kandungan Hadis Wajh Dan Ṣūrah

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Zamzuri Bin Harun ◽  
Umar Muhammad Noor
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Attributes ◽  
Figurative Interpretation

How to understand the content of Hadis Sifat is one of the most contested topics in the history of Islamic theology. In short, Hadis Sifat is a term for certain hadiss that seem to assign human attributes to God. Methodological differences in understanding the content of such hadiss have sparked polemics between those who endorse ta’wil (figurative interpretation) and those who disapprove it. This article will examine the approach used by Muhammad bin Ishāq bin Khuzaymah (d. 311 H), a respected scholar of hadis in Nishapur, in dealing with Hadis Sifat in his Kitāb al-Tawḥīd. It will observe his commentaries on certain hadiss in which the prophet explicitly mentioned divine face (wajh) and form (ṣūrah). This study applied document and textual analysis. It found that although Ibn Khuzaymah generally stressed on the obligation of accepting the literal meaning, he did not entirely discard the ta’wil interpretation. He in some cases applied speculative interpretation to avoid misconceptions and to prevent anthropomorphism.

Toward an Islamic Framework for Worldview Studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-43
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Berghout
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Field Of Inquiry ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The paper examines the importance of designing a framework for studying worldviews within the parameters of contemporary Islamic thought. It briefly reviews both selected western and Islamic stances on worldview studies. The literature reveals that research on this topic and its application to different spheres has become a topic of some interest to many intellectual circles, particularly in the western context. Hence, the possibility of forming an Islamic civilizational framework for an inquiry into people’s worldviews needs to be assessed. This article follows a textual analysis and inductive approach to analyze the prospects of formulating an Islamic framework for research on worldviews and its applications. It concludes that western scholars have made considerable efforts in treating people’s worldviews as a field of study, while Muslim scholars have not. In this respect, many western researchers have contributed to developing worldview studies as a separate field of inquiry, including the history of concept, subject matter, objectives, kinds, methods, and applications. Therefore, the need to enhance the Islamic input and research pertaining to this field by introducing an Islamic civilizational framework and approach of inquiry becomes apparent.

Yesus Sebagai Yang Sulung Lebih Utama Dari Yang Diciptakan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-85
Author(s):  
Yosef Yunandow Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Jehovah’S Witnesses ◽  
Jehovah's Witnesses ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Throughout the history of the church, from the early Church to the present, Christology has become the main topic of discussion, and it has often led to debates and even polemics for both the Church and those outside the church. The point of a long debate in the field of Christology is about Jesus as a creator or only as a creation. This study investigates this by using theological research, this study uses the exegesis method. The text that will be executed to provide evidence that Jesus was the Creator or creation is Colossians 1:15-20. Jehovah's Witnesses say that this text shows that Jesus was God's First creation. Whereas true Christians actually view this text as saying that Jesus is the Creator. The research used the exegesis method. The results show that Christ is the agent of creation. In building the understanding of the eldest word (Prototokos), it is not allowed to use the isolated text method. There are at least 2 meanings of this word, the first literal meaning is as the first born according to the order of time, and the second, the figurative meaning The eldest means the main, superior. Of course when looking at the context in Colossians 1:16-17, then Christ is not the first born according to chronological order, and comes from creation. Rather, He is the Creator, so it is not surprising that He is supreme or superior to all creation. Abstrak Indonesia Sepanjang sejarah gereja mulai dari Gereja mula-mula hingga kini Kristologi menjadi topik utama diskusi bahkan tak jarang menimbulkan perdebatan bahkan polemik baik bagi Gereja maupun kalangan di luar gereja. Yang menjadi titik perdebatan panjang dalam bidang Kristologi adalah Mengenai Yesus sebagai pencipta ataukah hanya sebagai ciptaan. Penelitian ini menyelidiki hal tersebut dengan menggunakan penelitian Teologi, penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksegesis. Teks yang akan dieksegesa guna untuk memberikan bukti Yesus adalah Pencipa atau ciptaan adalah Kolose 1:15-20. Saksi-saksi Yehuwa mengatakan bahwa teks ini menunjukkan bahwa Yesus adalah ciptaan Pertama dari Allah. Sedangkan Kristen sejati justru memandang teks ini mengatakan bahwa Yesus adalah Pencipta. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksegesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kristus adalah pelaku penciptaan. Dalam membangun pemahaman kata yang Sulung (Prototokos), tidak boleh menggunakan metode teks terisolasi. Paling tidak ada 2 makna dari kata ini, yang pertama makna literal adalah sebagai yang lahir pertama menurut urutan waktu, dan yang kedua, makna figuratif Yang sulung berarti yang utama, unggul. Tentu ketika melihat konteks dalam Kolose 1:16-17, maka Kristus bukanlah sang pertama lahir menurut urutan waktu, dan berasal dari ciptaan. Melainkan Ia adalah Pencipta, sehingga tidak mengherankan bahwa Ia adalah yang utama atau paling unggul di atas segala ciptaan.

六群比丘違犯律制之省思──以漢譯「根本說一切有部律」為主

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 035-058
Author(s):  
屈大成 屈大成
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Development History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Buddha ◽  
Fine Tune

<p>六群比丘（以下簡稱六群）是佛教史上頗惹爭議的人物，他們既通世情佛理，卻又屢屢違犯律制，故被貶稱為「惡比丘」。可是，近世學人轉以六群的行徑為方便施設，言其旨在令律制更趨完備，六群遂搖身一變成為正面人物。而在眾律藏中，惟「根有部律」清楚舉出六群的身分，同時包含更多的相關記載。</p> <p>本文以漢譯「根有部律」作為基本資料，分三組八類，挑選一些事例作討論。指出六群雖具備相當的律學知識，但他們或固執條文，或挑剔刁難，往往令人討厭難堪。此諸多看似乖張的行止，暴露了僧團運作的毛病和戒律的漏洞，亦令律制得以不斷完善，從中顯示出初期佛教中道和寬容的精神，為佛教律制發展史上值得留意的一章。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>The group-of-six-monks (abbreviated as &quot;&quot;the group-of-six&quot;&quot; thereinafter) is quite controversial personage in the history of Buddhism, whose are always denounced as &quot;&quot;bad monks&quot;&quot;, as they often go against the precepts. However, some Buddhist scholars nowadays re-interpret their misbehaviors as expedient, which make rooms for the Buddha to prescribe or fine-tune the rules and regulations. Among various Vinayas, only the Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya clearly provides the identity of the group-of-six and has abundant relevant information. </p> <p> Based on the Chinese Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya, this article divides three groups and eight items, selects some examples for discussion, in order to show that the group-of-six have considerable knowledge of monastic discipline, but they stick to the literal meaning of the precepts and challenge other colleagues. As a result, some flaws of the Sangha order and loopholes of the precepts are revealed and given a chance for continuously improvement. Hence, it has showed the middle path and compassion of primitive Buddhism. As such, this is a noteworthy chapter in the development history of Buddhist monastic discipline.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals TEOLOGI MU’TAZILAH: Sebuah Upaya Revitalisasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Safii Safii
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Context ◽  
Freedom Of Thought

This article elaborates an important role in the history of Mu'tazila theology in the Islamic World. Services that have been provided by this school seems to be forgotten by the Muslims, even it became despised and persecuted theology. In fact, this theology has made a large contribution in defending against attacks originating from the Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians, and Materialist. In the modern context, the spirit of this theology is relevant to be recalled that the freedom of thought as an integral part of the human being can grow and develop so that science and technology in the Islamic world can grow back. It must be recognized that this is indeed the flow had already given a negative image by traditional Islamic theology and hadith experts. Theology is imaged as a carrier of heresy

scholarly journals У каждого своя Сибирь. Два женских рассказа о депортации калмыков

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 778-800
Author(s):  
Elza-Bair M. Guchinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Life Choices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction. The proposed publication consists of an introduction, texts of two biographical interviews and comments thereon. Both the conversations took place in Elista (2004, 2017) as part of the research project ‘Everyone Has One’s Own Siberia’ dedicated to the important period in the history of Kalmykia though not yet sufficiently explored by anthropologists and sociologists — the deportation of Kalmyks to Siberia (1943–1956) and related memories. Goals. The project seeks to show the daily survival practices of Kalmyks in Siberia. In the spontaneous biographical interviews focusing on the years of Kalmyk deportation, not only the facts cited are important — of which we would otherwise stay unaware but from the oral narratives — but also the introduced stories of inner life: feelings and thoughts of growing girls. Methods. The paper involves the use of textual analysis and the method of text deconstruction. Results. The transcribed texts show survival and adaptation strategies employed by the young generation of ‘special settlers’ in places of forced residence. For many Kalmyks of that generation, high school was a ‘glass ceiling’, a limitation in life choices. In the narrative of R. Ts. Azydova, we face a today unthinkable social package for KUTV students with children — this illustrates how the korenization policy for indigenous populations in the USSR worked, and provides insight into daily practices of pre-war Elista. The story of T. S. Kachanova especially clearly manifests the ‘language of trauma’, first of all, through the memory of the body, vocabulary of death and displays of laughter. The texts of the interviews shall be interesting to all researchers of Kalmyk deportation and the memory of that period.

scholarly journals Verity Lambert's Thorn-EMI Films

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-120
Author(s):  
Paul Moody
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Production History ◽  
History Of

Verity Lambert's brief period as Director of Production at Thorn-EMI Screen Entertainment (TESE) was responsible for the in-house development of five films: Morons from Outer Space (1985), Restless Natives (1985), Dreamchild (1985), Link (1986) and Clockwise (1986), although she had left the company before the last three were released. There has been limited critical engagement with these productions and Lambert's tenure in general, with the existing literature on this material tending to emphasise the eclectic nature of what were to be TESE's last releases before the company's sale to Cannon ( Hill 1999 ; Moody 2018 ; Park 1990 ; Walker 1985 ; Walker 2004 ; Wickham and Mettler 2005 ). Drawing on a series of detailed interviews with former TESE Production Executive, Graham Easton, along with previously unreleased archival documents from the Film Finances archive, this article develops a more detailed textual analysis and production history of these releases, in order more clearly to map TESE's complexities during this period. By engaging more coherently with the themes and aesthetics of TESE's output, the article argues that there is a consistency to Lambert's productions which can be seen at both a thematic and a stylistic level, centred on notions of constraint and obstacles to communication, and that this was nurtured by the environment created by Lambert and the Film Finances completion bond for each film.

scholarly journals Recapturing the Meaning of Akhlāq Islāmiyyah: An Analysis of the Article “Akhlak” in the Encyclopedia of Islam

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Amilah binti Awang Abd Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Ethical Thought ◽  
Practical Ethics ◽  
Key Words Ethics ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of

Abstract This paper will analytically study the Islamic meaning of akhlaq as portrayed by two Western writers in the article entitled “Akhlak” published in the Encyclopedia of Islam. The author highlights the contribution of Western scholars especially Walzer and Gibb to the understanding of history of the development of Islamic thought and disciplines. By employing the qualitative methodology, the author uses textual analysis and comparative method on the writings of both thinkers and others.  Findings indicate that there are several weaknesses in the writing that include limiting the scope of akhlaq to practical ethics of selected virtues, the lacking of clear detachment between akhlaq and ethical thought, and others.  Key words: Ethics, Akhlaq, Philosophy, Islam, Encyclopedia of Islam.

scholarly journals Pertautan Teologi dan Politik: Kajian terhadap Aliran Religio-Politik Syi’ah dan Khawarij

ULUMUNA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-276
Author(s):  
Mustain Mustain
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Ideal

The history of emergence of sects of Islamic theology can not be separated from political issues as shown in the history of Shiite, Khawarij, Murjiah, Jabariyah, Qadariyah, Mu'tazilite, and Ash'arite. This paper tries to assess such linkage, particularly in the case of Shiite and Khawarij. The emergence of both sects was backed by sharp tribal political competition among the supporters of Ali ibn Abi Talib; both sects then showed their characteristics more as political stream (religio-political) rather than sects of theology. Although both, especially Khawarij, have important contributions in the debate concerning major sins commit which then lead to debate about broader and in-depth issues of divinity, but their political activities are more dominant than their theological thoughts. While the Shiite was preoccupied by searching for the ideal figure of priest (imam), Khawarij flow into a political insubordination movement to the government that they consider infidels.

scholarly journals The First Catholic Bible in Chinese: Gabriele Allegra and His Translation

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Raissa De Gruttola
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Biblical Study ◽  
Study Centre ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Christian missionaries play an important role in the history of the relationship between China and Europe. Their presence in China has been widely explored, but little attention has been paid to the role played by the Bible in their preaching. From 13th to 19th century, although they did not translate the Bible, Catholic missionaries preached the Gospel orally or with catechisms. On the other hand, the Protestant missionaries had published many version of the Chinese Bible throughout the 19th century. It was only in the 20th century that the Franciscan friar Gabriele Allegra decided to go to China as a missionary to translate the Holy Scriptures into Chinese. He arrived in China in 1931 and translated from 1935 to 1961. He also founded a biblical study centre to prepare expert scholars to collaborate in the Bible translation. Allegra and his colleagues completed the translation in 1961, and the first complete single-volume Catholic Bible in Chinese was published in 1968. After presenting the historical background of Allegra’s activity, a textual analysis of some passages of his translation will be presented, emphasizing the meanings of the Chinese words he chose to use to translate particular elements of Christian terminology. This study will verify the closeness of the work by Allegra to the original Greek text and the validity of some particular translation choices.

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