Coccidioidomycosis Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Worker: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Rashmi R Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Immunocompetent Individual ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
Very High

“If you work in the dry dust of Arizona or California central valley surely be warned about fever, or deadly head-aches from all those Cocci!!”. While pulmonary coccidiomycosis infections in the endemic places are seen very often, especially among immunocompromised people, CNS coccidiomycosis infection from environmental exposure in immunocompetent individual is not that common, but when it happens it is fatal. Risk is very high in certain occupations in endemic regions and the diagnosis may be challenging in absence of high clinical suspicions. Here, we report a case of coccidiomycosis meningitis in an immunocompetent individual, who went to Arizona for a week for his painting job. The purpose of this paper is to prevent the occupation-related dreaded incidence of fungal brain infection in endemic places with robust public health measures.

scholarly journals Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a male with metabolic syndrome for 72 days: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2198949
Author(s):  
SM Rashed Ul Islam ◽  
Tahmina Akther ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Saif Ullah Munshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
The World

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, and spread gradually throughout the world. There are multiple reports of prolonged viral shedding in people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); however, such findings have not been documented in Bangladesh. Herein, we present a case of metabolic syndrome that remained positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA over a prolonged period. On clinical and laboratory examination, the patient was diagnosed with obesity, raised blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and uncontrolled glycemia. However, upon taking appropriate measures and controlling the plasma sugar level, he tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on the 72nd day since illness onset. We observed that COVID-19 patients with several comorbidities, such as metabolic syndrome, may shed the virus over a prolonged period. Therefore, strict public health measures and isolation rules should be followed by a high-risk population.

scholarly journals Report of the Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever in Abadan, Iran: Summer 2016 (Case Report)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Valipour ◽  
Azimeh Karimyan ◽  
Maghsud Piri ◽  
Dariush Bahrami ◽  
Fatemeh Hallajian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Measures

Abstract Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne, viral disease that may also be transmitted through person-to-person transmission by exposure to infected body fluids. It causes a severe disease in humans with high mortality rates. Here we present two cases of CCHF patients with sudden onset of lethargy, fever, nausea, vomiting, headache, and hemorrhagic manifestation. With one of the patients tick bite was confirmed, then he was treated with ribavirin in isolation and recovered completely. The second patient was in contact with the infected blood of a sheep and, unfortunately, despite the treatment, he passed away. Public health measures should focus on preventing this infection by raising the awareness of CCHF symptoms and route of its transmission, and also by adopting practices to decrease the chances of spreading infections in hospitals.

The relationship betweenparityand the incident of perinealruptures on women’s physiological maternity

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Rosita ◽  
Siti Nurnaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Midwifery Care ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Record Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

There are about 2.8 million incident of perineal rupture in maternal physiological labor. In 2050,it is estimated that the incidence of perineal rupture can be 6.3 million if it is not accompanied by a good midwifery care. In 2016, in Trawas, there was (89%) perineal rupture in primiparas and (57%) perineal rupture in multiparas. Perineal rupture incidences due to parity were still very high. This study aims to analyze the relationship between parity and the incidence of perineal rupture . It is quantitative studyusing a cross sectional approach, by using analysis of physiological maternity women  medical record data from January to April 2017 of 130 peoplein Trawas Public Health Center, Mojokerto Regency.The dataanalysis used was Chi - Square , indicated by p value = 0,000 with ɑ = 0,05. It means that the value of p <ɑ, so H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between parity and the incidence of perineal rupture on physiological maternity women in Trawas Public Health Center,Mojokerto Regency. Midwives can apply collaboration with patients and their families to have physical and psychologicalpreparation with an alternative of hypnobirthing methods.

Pandemic Disease, Public Health, and Ethics

2019 ◽  
pp. 796-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Smith ◽  
Ross Upshur
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Face ◽  
Conducting Research

Infectious disease pandemics raise significant and novel ethical challenges to the organization and practice of public health. This chapter provides an overview of the salient ethical issues involved in preparing for and responding to pandemic disease, including those arising from deploying restrictive public health measures to contain and curb the spread of disease (e.g., isolation and quarantine), setting priorities for the allocation of scarce resources, health care workers’ duty to care in the face of heightened risk of infection, conducting research during pandemics, and the global governance of preventing and responding to pandemic disease. It also outlines ethical guidance from prominent ethical frameworks that have been developed to address these ethical issues and concludes by discussing some pressing challenges that must be addressed if ethical reflection is to make a meaningful difference in pandemic preparedness and response.

Communicable and Other Infectious Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Frischhut
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
European Union ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
And Control

This chapter discusses the most important features of EU law on infectious diseases. Communicable diseases not only cross borders, they also often require measures that cross different areas of policy because of different vectors for disease transmission. The relevant EU law cannot be attributed to one sectoral policy only, and thus various EU agencies participate in protecting public health. The key agency is the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Other important agencies include the European Environment Agency; European Food Safety Authority; and the Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency. However, while integration at the EU level has facilitated protection of the public's health, it also has created potential conflicts among the different objectives of the European Union. The internal market promotes the free movement of products, but public health measures can require restrictions of trade. Other conflicts can arise if protective public health measures conflict with individual human rights. The chapter then considers risk assessment and the different tools of risk management used in dealing with the challenges of infectious diseases. It also turns to the external and ethical perspective and the role the European Union takes in global health.

scholarly journals Immediate rehabilitation with feeding appliance of a three day old neonate with cleft lip and palate- a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-295
Author(s):  
Deepika Kapoor ◽  
Deepanshu Garg
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Very High

Orofacial clefts (OFC) are one of the most common congenital problems seen with a very high incidence. It imparts a negative effect on the overall health of the child by hindering in his feeding practices, normal facial growth, development of dentition and hence speech. Infants born with orofacial clefts have oronasal communication which creates a problem with the creation of negative pressure inside the oral cavity required for suckling.The treatment for such patients is with the multidisciplinary approach but the preliminary  concern for the neonate is to help with the feeding for which a feeding appliance is given. This case report presents a case of a 3-day old infant to whom a feeding appliance was given to aid in suckling. 

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Southeast Asia: Implications for workers and unions

2021 ◽  
pp. 002218562110000
Author(s):  
Michele Ford ◽  
Kristy Ward
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Export Orientation ◽  
Health Measures

The labour market effects in Southeast Asia of the COVID-19 pandemic have attracted considerable analysis from both scholars and practitioners. However, much less attention has been paid to the pandemic’s impact on legal protections for workers’ and unions’ rights, or to what might account for divergent outcomes in this respect in economies that share many characteristics, including a strong export orientation in labour-intensive industries and weak industrial relations institutions. Having described the public health measures taken to control the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia, Cambodia and Vietnam, this article analyses governments’ employment-related responses and their impact on workers and unions in the first year of the pandemic. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the disruption caused to these countries’ economies, and societies, served to reproduce existing patterns of state–labour relations rather than overturning them.

scholarly journals Emotional and Mental Wellbeing Following COVID-19 Public Health Measures on People Living With Dementia and Carers

2021 ◽  
pp. 089198872199681
Author(s):  
Kerry Hanna ◽  
Clarissa Giebel ◽  
Hilary Tetlow ◽  
Kym Ward ◽  
Justine Shenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Social Support Services ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Background: To date, there appears to be no evidence on the longer-term impacts caused by COVID-19 and its related public health restrictions on some of the most vulnerable in our societies. The aim of this research was to explore the change in impact of COVID-19 public health measures on the mental wellbeing of people living with dementia (PLWD) and unpaid carers. Method: Semi-structured, follow-up telephone interviews were conducted with PLWD and unpaid carers between June and July 2020. Participants were asked about their experiences of accessing social support services during the pandemic, and the impact of restrictions on their daily lives. Results: 20 interviews were conducted and thematically analyzed, which produced 3 primary themes concerning emotional responses and impact to mental health and wellbeing during the course of the pandemic: 1) Impact on mental health during lockdown, 2) Changes to mental health following easing of public health, and 3) The long-term effect of public health measures. Conclusions: The findings from this research shed light on the longer-term psychological impacts of the UK Government’s public health measures on PLWD and their carers. The loss of social support services was key in impacting this cohort mentally and emotionally, displaying a need for better psychological support, for both carers and PLWD.

scholarly journals Lymphocutaneous spread of Mycobacterium elephantis in an immunocompetent individual: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110349
Author(s):  
Brett D Edwards ◽  
Ranjani Somayaji ◽  
Dina Fisher ◽  
Justin C Chia
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Lung Abscess ◽  
Immunocompetent Individual ◽  
First Case ◽  
Antimycobacterial Agents ◽  
Vitro Data ◽  
In Vitro Data

Mycobacterium elephantis was first described when isolated from an elephant that succumbed to lung abscess. However, despite this namesake, it is not associated with animals and has been described most often as a probable colonizer rather than pathogen in humans with chronic lung disease. In this report, we describe the first case of lymphocutaneous infection from M. elephantis, likely as a result of cutaneous inoculation with contaminated soil. This offers further evidence to its capabilities as a pathogen. We provide a review of the limited prior reports of M. elephantis and outline the available in vitro data on efficacy of various antimycobacterial agents.

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