scholarly journals THE ROLE OF RESERVE COMPONENT IN SUPPORTING TOTAL PEOPLE’S DEFENSE AND SECURITY SYSTEM (SISHANKAMRATA) TO CONFRONT THE THREAT OF THE SIXTH GENERATION WARFARE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ryamizard Ryacudu ◽  
I Nengah Putra ◽  
Susilo Adi Purwantoro
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
World Order ◽  
Security System ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Reserve Component ◽  
Main Component ◽  
New Generation ◽  
National Resource

<div><p class="Els-history-head">The exponential growth of information and communication technology in this globalization era brings enormous changes to the new world order. This also shifts the warfare paradigm to a new generation. The traditional conventional threats (physically) have developed into multidimensional (physical and non-physical) ones. The Total People’s Defense and Security System (SISHANKAMRATA) adopted by the Indonesian is considered to be one of the most appropriate defense systems in confronting the threat of every war generation. The components of SISHANKAMRATA consist of the Indonesian National Military (TNI) as the main component and the National resources coming as the reserve and support component. Government Regulation Number 3 of 2021 concerning National Resource Management as a juridical basis regulating the components in the SISHANKAMRATA has just been passed. This study aims to explore the role of the reserve component as a national resource contributing to confronting the threat of the new generation of war; the sixth generation warfare. The method used in this study was a narrative analysis by developing literature studies, and previous researches. The results of this study confirm that the role of the reserve components is very important in SISHANKAMRATA facing the threat of modern warfare, including the sixth generation warfare.</p></div>

scholarly journals The Stakeholders of Transport Infrastructure as an Element of the Transport Security System

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-257
Author(s):  
A. V. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Management System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Security System ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Specialized Training ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Main Component

Using the methods of systematic and comparativ e analysis, the article systematized the tasks, main stages and participants in the transport security process, analyzed the role of the transport infrastructure stakeholders in this process, and formulated the functional structure of the activity of the transport infrastructure stakeholder in the form of an appropriate scheme in the framework of ensuring transport security. The main component of the transport security management system is determined. The results of the study, in addition to development of the existing methodological apparatus in the field of transport security, can be used in the following areas: in organizing the process of managing transport security of transport infrastructure facilities and vehicles of various types of transport, in the educational process of higher and secondary educational institutions, as well as educational process of specialized training centers for training of specialists in the field of transport security. The results of the study may also be of interest to officials responsible for ensuring transport security, especially in such companies as JSC Russian Railways, PJSC Aeroflot and State Unitary Enterprise Moscow Metro, which are the largest stakeholders of transport infrastructure in the Russian Federation.

Outlawry but with teeth: The problem of enforcing peace through international institutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-367
Author(s):  
PAOLO PALCHETTI
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
World Order ◽  
Security System ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
The Common ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract:If the main merit of The Internationalists is to shed light, in a powerful and convincing way, on the transformative power of rules, the role of institutions – and in particular of the United Nations and its collective security system centred around the activity of the Security Council – does not come out of the book as clearly as it might. It is submitted that the decision to concentrate upon the rule – the prohibition to use force – while limiting the attention paid to the institution – the United Nations and its collective security system – is not without consequence, particularly given the strict link existing, in the common perception, between the rule and the institution. This brief comment will focus on certain ambivalences emerging from the book about the contribution of the United Nations, as a peace-enforcing organisation, to fostering the emergence of a New World Order, as well as its continuing relevance for preserving the effectiveness of the principle on non-use of force.

scholarly journals NATIONAL RESILIENCE STRENGTHEN THROUGH THE RESERVE COMPONENT TO RESIST NON-MILITARY THREATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-359
Author(s):  
Agape Zacharia RD ◽  
Faisal Ahmadani ◽  
Patria Danianto
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
National Goal ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
National Integration ◽  
External Sources ◽  
National Life ◽  
Reserve Component ◽  
Main Component

National Resilience is a nation dynamic condition, and a nation struggle to achieve national goal will be disturbed. National identity, national integration and national life sustainability have stronger than threat, challenge, disturbance and obstacle. This research uses qualitative research method to analyze potential threat, challenge, disturbing and obstacle for Indonesia, which come both from internal and external sources and national resources to face them. , potential threat will be dominated by nonmilitary threat. The Indonesia Armed Forces ( Nasional Indonesia), as the main component in Indonesia should face the potential threat. But TNI has its limitations, supporting power is necessary, and one of the potential powers is national resources which or converted to reserve component. The role of reserve component in future will contribute to Indonesia national resilience strengthen efforts.

Total etch dentin bonding systems: scanning electron microscopy of the resin-dentin hybrid layer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1092-1093
Author(s):  
Jorge Perdigao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Mechanical Interlocking ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Acid Agent ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Bonding Systems ◽  
New Generation

In 1955, Buonocore introduced the etching of enamel with phosphoric acid. Bonding to enamel was created by mechanical interlocking of resin tags with enamel prisms. Enamel is an inert tissue whose main component is hydroxyapatite (98% by weight). Conversely, dentin is a wet living tissue crossed by tubules containing cellular extensions of the dental pulp. Dentin consists of 18% of organic material, primarily collagen. Several generations of dentin bonding systems (DBS) have been studied in the last 20 years. The dentin bond strengths associated with these DBS have been constantly lower than the enamel bond strengths. Recently, a new generation of DBS has been described. They are applied in three steps: an acid agent on enamel and dentin (total etch technique), two mixed primers and a bonding agent based on a methacrylate resin. They are supposed to bond composite resin to wet dentin through dentin organic component, forming a peculiar blended structure that is part tooth and part resin: the hybrid layer.

At the final stage of the global crisis: Economic tasksin 2017-2019

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
National Trends

The paper deals with the global and national trends of economic and social development at the final stage of the global structural crisis. Special attention is paid to intellectual challenges economists will face with in the post-crisis world: prospects of growth without inflation, new global currencies and the role of cryptocurrencies, central banks independence and their role in economic growth stimulation, new tasks and patterns of government regulation, inequality and growth. Special features of Russian post-crisis development are also under consideration. Among them: prospects of macroeconomic support of growth, inflation targeting, new fiscal rule, social dynamics and new challenges to welfare state. The paper concludes that the main obstacles for economic growth in Russia are concentrated in the non-economic area.

The Role of Behavioral Models in the Ontological Structure of Modern Macroeconomics

2013 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
M. Likhachev
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Macroeconomic Models ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Practical Implications

Behavioral models are considered in the paper as the link between the description of the institutional structure of the economic system and the formation of macro-aggregates, reflecting the results of its operations. The degree of homogeneity of the private sector’s economic environment and complementary goals of private entities and government regulation are noted as basic characteristics of behavioral models. The author examines the differences in the estimates of these characteristics as one of the most important factors underpinning the architecture of modern macroeconomic models and their practical implications.

After Victory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. John Ikenberry
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Politics ◽  
World Order ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
The Cold War

The end of the Cold War was a “big bang” reminiscent of earlier moments after major wars, such as the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 and the end of the world wars in 1919 and 1945. But what do states that win wars do with their newfound power, and how do they use it to build order? This book examines postwar settlements in modern history, arguing that powerful countries do seek to build stable and cooperative relations, but the type of order that emerges hinges on their ability to make commitments and restrain power. The book explains that only with the spread of democracy in the twentieth century and the innovative use of international institutions—both linked to the emergence of the United States as a world power—has order been created that goes beyond balance of power politics to exhibit “constitutional” characteristics. Blending comparative politics with international relations, and history with theory, the book will be of interest to anyone concerned with the organization of world order, the role of institutions in world politics, and the lessons of past postwar settlements for today.

Republic of Moldova in the Context of Regional Security Challenges in Eastern Europe

2018 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Stefan Tibuleac
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Security System ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Strategic Uncertainty ◽  
European Security ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes the most current security issues for the Republic of Moldova that are part of the regional security context of Eastern Europe –the region that can be considered the epicenter of international tensions through which the„geopolitical line of fracture”passes. The geographical position of the Republic of Moldova makes this state particularly sensitive to any negative trends in theregion. Growing of international tensions creates security threats and complicates economic development. From a historical point of view, Moldova has repeatedly fallen victim by the confrontation of the great powers. Therefore, the Republic of Moldova has a vital interest in preventing a new conflict in Eastern Europe. This article is based on a number of assumptions made by changes in the European security environment, such as the „shift of weight” to the East, strategic uncertainty, increasing the role of non-state actors, the situation in eastern Ukraine, etc. Based on these assumptions, this article makes an attempt to outline the potential role of the Republic of Moldova in the Eastern European security system, taking into account the desideratum for integration of the republic into the European Union. Other relevant factors will be taken into account for shaping the role of the Republic of Moldova in the European security system, namely: the security deficit; the impact of NATO and EU security policy; the rebirth of the project to create a regional defense alliance, etc. This article will largely take into account the military aspects of security. Keywords: Republic of Moldova, national security, Eastern Europe, NATO, Intermarium, defence, threats, risks, challenges

An Analysis of Professional Competence Indicator Possession among U.S. Accounting Faculty

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Smith ◽  
David J. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Accounting Faculty ◽  
Accounting Practice ◽  
Cpa Exam ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
New Generation

ABSTRACT Recently there has been much discourse regarding the existence, extent, causes, and consequences of a purported divide between accounting practice and academia. The crux of this issue relates to the charge that many new-generation faculty have a primary focus on academic research, but lack significant practical experience or certification, and the related claim that students may lack the requisite skills upon graduation. This study addresses these concerns by examining the incidence and trend in the possession of practice credentials, experience, and other activities among accounting faculty who graduated between 1994 and 2013. We evaluate how differences in institutional focus, possession of a practice credential, and proportion of credentialed faculty manifest in research propensities, current business experience, and student performance on the CPA exam. We identify a downward trend in practice credential possession that is more pronounced at research-oriented institutions. We further find significant differences in experience and publication activity across levels of both institutional focus and possession of a practice credential. We also find that students from research-oriented universities, schools with separate AACSB accounting accreditation, and those with a higher percentage credentialed faculty perform better on the CPA exam. Other results and the role of adjunct faculty in bridging this alleged divide are also examined.

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