scholarly journals Effect of β-Cyclodextrin Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles on Gills, Kidney, Liver of Danio rerio

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2981-2995
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Drug Studies

The silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are applied broadly in medical applications due to their antimicrobial property. However, the toxicity (uptake, translocation, and accumulation) of these AgNPs nanomaterial has not been much explored. Also, cyclodextrin has been used for different pharmaceutical applications due to its various potential properties. Therefore, the toxicity of these AgNPs and cyclodextrin in the model organism such as Danio rerio could be crucial for future nano-drug studies. The main aim of the present research work is to synthesize, characterize biopolymeric silver nanoparticles, and perform histopathological studies of synthesized silver nanoparticles on Danio rerio. The silver nanoparticles of 130nm size have been synthesized successfully using β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) at room temperature. The various analytical applied to characterized the β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) reduced silver nanoparticles (β-CD)-SNPs. A histopathological study has been conducted to evaluate the toxicity effect of the synthesized (β-CD)-SNP on the animal model Danio rerio. The (β-CD)-SNPs conc. 30µl/l is affecting and damaged gills and kidney the Danio rerio organs (gills, kidney) exposed after 10 days, yet the liver was found to be healthy. In conclusion, the Danio rerio gills, kidneys, and liver are sensitive to the 130nm-sized (β-CD)-SNPs. The nanoparticles' toxicity depends on concentration; less concentration (30µl/l) accumulates and is absorbed efficiently than the higher concentration (300µl/l). However, no morphological changes were observed on Danio rerio.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Toxicity of Bisphenol A in Reproduction and Its Effect on Fertility and Embryonic Development in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Lilian de Paula Gonçalves Reis ◽  
Antonio Jesús Lora-Benítez ◽  
Ana Mª Molina-López ◽  
Rafael Mora-Medina ◽  
Nahúm Ayala-Soldado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Parental Exposure ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical substance commonly used in the manufacture of plastic products. Its inhalation or ingestion from particles in suspension, water, and/or polluted foods can trigger toxic effects related to endocrine disruption, resulting in hormonal, reproduction, and immunological alterations in humans and animals. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an ideal experimental model frequently used in toxicity studies. In order to assess the toxic effects of BPA on reproduction and embryonic development in one generation after parental exposure to it, a total of 80 zebrafish, males and females, divided into four groups in duplicate (n = 20) were exposed to BPA concentrations of 500, 50, and 5 µg L−1, along with a control group. The fish were kept in reproduction aquariums for 21 days. The embryos obtained in the crosses were incubated in a BPA-free medium and observed for signs of embryotoxicity. A histopathological study (under optical and electron microscopes) was performed of adult fish gonads. The embryos of reproducers exposed to BPA were those most frequently presenting signs of embryotoxicity, such as mortality and cardiac and musculoskeletal malformations. In the histopathological studies of adult individuals, alterations were found in ovocyte maturation and in spermatazoid formation in the groups exposed to the chemical. Those alterations were directly related to BPA action, affecting fertility in both sexes, as well as the viability of their offspring, proportionally to the BPA levels to which they were exposed, so that our results provide more information by associating toxic effects on the offspring and on the next generation.

Isolation and molecular detection of avian mycoplasmosis in selected areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Parinita Basak ◽  
Banya Banowary ◽  
Safeth Arju ◽  
Mohammad Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Dna Ladder ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Avian Mycoplasmosis ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain

Avian mycoplasmosis caused by several species of Mycoplasma including Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M synoviae, M. meleagridis and M. iowae. Among these Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the most important poultry pathogen in Bangladesh. For effective control of Mycoplasmosis, proper early diagnosis is the corner stone. The research work was designed, a total of 20 samples, lung exudates, swabs from trachea and air sacs were collected from dead birds of different poultry farms in Mymensingh district during October-December, 2007. Samples were collected in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological study. Swabs were collected in mycoplasma broth supplemented with supplement-G. Additionally Kanamycin solution was added to prevent the growth of gram–Ve bacteria and then the organisms were transferred into mycoplasma agar for isolation. Histopathological studies were conducted using routine procedure in Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Isolated Mycoplasma were subjected to DNA extraction, Nested PCR was done using a commercial PCR kit. The histopathological study revealed the presence of mycoplasmal related tissue changes, such as severe congestion and infiltration of mononuclear cells in different organs. The extracted DNA accumulated at the upper position of DNA ladder as band without any smear formation. The DNA from avian mycoplasmas was amplified and gave amplified product of 975 bp by outer primer and 395 bp by inner primer which was much smaller than the expected size. In this study, preliminary results from field samples suggest that culture using mycoplasma agar and broth supplement with Supplement-G and Kanamycin solution could be useful for the isolation of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (2), 182-190

scholarly journals Leaf Extract Arbitrated Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanospheres by a Medicinal Plant from the Western Ghats with Enhanced Antimicrobial Property

Photochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-274
Author(s):  
John Sherin ◽  
Puvanesvaran Senthil Kumar ◽  
Swaminathan Karuthapandian
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Methyl Orange Dye

In the present study, we report the greener, simple, cost effective, non-hazardous and ecofriendly synthesis of silver (Ag) nanoparticles from Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. for the first time. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the leaf stock acted as a reducing as well as the capping agent simultaneously. The bio-reduced silver nanoparticles were characterized using ultra violet-visible spectroscopy (UV) exhibiting blue shift absorption peak in the region 440 nm. The newly synthesized Ag NPs were sphere-like in structure and grew well with a crystalline size of 16.57 nm. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis identifies the biomolecules which are involved during the synthesis process. The synthesized nanocatalyst served as a good catalyst for degrading methyl orange dye under solar light irradiation and was monitored spectrophotometrically. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential of Ag NPs was evaluated an could competently inhibit different pathogenic organisms, including bacteria and fungi. Additionally, the efficiency of the silver nanoparticles was tested against the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye pollutant. Different operational parameters such as catalyst weight dosage, dye concentration and different pH were optimized. The pollutants were degraded within 35 min. The present research work opens a pathway to synthesize nanomaterial by applying the principles of green chemistry.

Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Hymenocallis species (Spider Lilly) Leaf Extract as Antimicrobial Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 4644-4647
Author(s):  
K.K. Gupta ◽  
Neha Kumari ◽  
Neha Sinha ◽  
Akruti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Biogenic Synthesis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Antibiotic Property

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Hymenocallis species (Spider Lilly) leaf extract was subjected for investigation of its antimicrobial property against four bacterial species (E. coli, Salmonella sp., Streptococcus sp. & Staphylococcus sp.). The results revealed that synthesized nanoparticles solution very much justify the color change property from initial light yellow to final reddish brown during the synthesis producing a characteristics absorption peak in the range of 434-466 nm. As antimicrobial agents, their efficacy was evaluated by analysis of variance in between the species and among the different concentration of AgNPs solution, which clearly showed that there was significant variation in the antibiotic property between the four different concentrations of AgNPs solution and also among four different species of bacteria taken under studies. However, silver nanoparticles solution of 1: 9 and 1:4 were proved comparatively more efficient as antimicrobial agents against four species of bacteria.

Mitigation of Radiation-induced Gastrointestinal System Injury using Resveratrol or Alpha-lipoic Acid: A Pilot Histopathological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-424
Author(s):  
Bagher Farhood ◽  
Gholamreza Hassanzadeh ◽  
Peyman Amini ◽  
Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽  
Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Pilot Investigation ◽  
Radiation Induced

Aim: In this study, we aimed to determine possible mitigation of radiationinduced toxicities in the duodenum, jejunum and colon using post-exposure treatment with resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid. Background: After the bone marrow, gastrointestinal system toxicity is the second critical cause of death following whole-body exposure to radiation. Its side effects reduce the quality of life of patients who have undergone radiotherapy. Resveratrol has an antioxidant effect and stimulates DNA damage responses (DDRs). Alpha-lipoic acid neutralizes free radicals via the recycling of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol. Objective: This study is a pilot investigation of the mitigation of enteritis using resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid following histopathological study. Methods: 60 male mice were randomly assigned to six groups; control, resveratrol treatment, alpha-lipoic acid treatment, whole-body irradiation, irradiation plus resveratrol, and irradiation plus alpha-lipoic acid. The mice were irradiated with a single dose of 7 Gy from a cobalt-60 gamma-ray source. Treatment with resveratrol or alpha-lipoic acid started 24 h after irradiation and continued for 4 weeks. All mice were sacrificed after 30 days for histopathological evaluation of radiation-induced toxicities in the duodenum, jejunum and colon. Results and Conclusion: Exposure to radiation caused mild to severe damages to vessels, goblet cells and villous. It also led to significant infiltration of macrophages and leukocytes, especially in the colon. Both resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid were able to mitigate morphological changes. However, they could not mitigate vascular injury. Conclusion: Resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid could mitigate radiation-induced injuries in the small and large intestine. A comparison between these agents showed that resveratrol may be a more effective mitigator compared to alpha-lipoic acid.

scholarly journals Functional Attributes of Myco-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Endophytic Fungi: A New Implication in Biomedical Applications

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Prabu Kumar Seetharaman ◽  
Rajkuberan Chandrasekaran ◽  
Rajiv Periakaruppan ◽  
Sathishkumar Gnanasekar ◽  
Sivaramakrishnan Sivaperumal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Penicillium Oxalicum ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Size

To develop a benign nanomaterial from biogenic sources, we have attempted to formulate and fabricate silver nanoparticles synthesized from the culture filtrate of an endophytic fungus Penicillium oxalicum strain LA-1 (PoAgNPs). The synthesized PoAgNPs were exclusively characterized through UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The synthesized nanoparticles showed strong absorbance around 430 nm with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and exhibited a face-centered cubic crystalline nature in XRD analysis. Proteins presented in the culture filtrate acted as reducing, capping, and stabilization agents to form PoAgNPs. TEM analysis revealed the generation of polydispersed spherical PoAgNPs with an average size of 52.26 nm. The PoAgNPs showed excellent antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens. The PoAgNPs induced a dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against human adenocarcinoma breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231), and apoptotic morphological changes were observed by dual staining. Additionally, PoAgNPs demonstrated better larvicidal activity against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Moreover, the hemolytic test indicated that the as-synthesized PoAgNPs are a safe and biocompatible nanomaterial with versatile bio-applications.

Silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate induce high toxicity to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna and Danio rerio

2014 ◽  
Vol 466-467 ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabianne Ribeiro ◽  
Julián Alberto Gallego-Urrea ◽  
Kerstin Jurkschat ◽  
Alison Crossley ◽  
Martin Hassellöv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata ◽  
High Toxicity

BIOSYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY IN SYNERGY WITH ANTIBIOTICS; A FUTURE ADVANCEMENT IN NANOMEDICINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
MONIKA GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance Peak ◽  
Plasmon Resonance Peak ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uniform Dispersion

Objective: This research work develops an approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by reduction of leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus plant. This study produces synthesized nanoparticles that have process-controlled attributes which make their antibiotic action highly efficient. These attributes include smaller size, proper morphology, uniform dispersion, metal ion content, and formation of functional groups. By optimizing the reduction process parameters, AgNPs gain the desired properties.  Methods: The biosynthesis of AgNPs process was performed using reaction of 10% (w/v) C. roseus leaf extract with AgNO3. The optimum conditions and concentration used for synthesis of nanoparticles were: 1 mM AgNO3, pH 5, and temperature 80°C with an incubation time of 72 h. All the above parameters were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer with the surface plasmon resonance peak obtained at 440 nm. Results: Various characterization techniques were performed, namely, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence study, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. The results obtained from characterization confirmed the spherical morphology of the nanoparticles with size between 50 and 87 nm. In the current investigation, the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized AgNPs was also determined using minimum inhibitory concentration and zone of inhibition methods against six different bacteria at different doses of AgNPs (100, 150, and 200 μg/ml) alone and also in combination with antibiotic-streptomycin. Conclusion: The results revealed that high concentration of AgNPs inhibits the bacterial growth. Furthermore, AgNPs revealed much stronger antibacterial action in synergy with streptomycin against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

P4-062: THE RETINAL CHOROID IN SEVERE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_27) ◽  
pp. P1456-P1456
Author(s):  
Samuel Asanad ◽  
Fred N. Ross-Cisneros ◽  
Ernesto Barron ◽  
Alfredo A. Sadun
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Histopathological Study

scholarly journals Fumonisin B1 Production by Fusarium Species and Mycotoxigenic Effect on Larval Zebrafish

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najihah Azman ◽  
Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin ◽  
Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Successful Amplification ◽  
Fast Liquid Chromatography

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a common mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species particularly F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. The toxin produced can cause adverse effects on humans and animals. The objectives of this study were to detect the production of FB1 based on the amplification of FUM1 gene, to quantify FB1 produced by the isolates using Ultra-fast Liquid Chromatography (UFLC) analysis, to examine the embryotoxicity effect of FB1 and to determine EC50 toward the larvae of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fifty isolates of Fusarium species were isolated from different hosts throughout Malaysia. Successful amplification of the FUM1 gene showed the presence of this gene (800 bp) in the genome of 48 out of 50 isolates. The highest level of FB1 produced by F. proliferatum isolate B2433 was 6677.32 ppm meanwhile F. verticillioides isolate J1363 was 954.01 ppm. From the assessment of embryotoxicity test of FB1 on larvae of zebrafish, five concentrations of FB1 (0.43 ppm, 0.58 ppm, 0.72 ppm, 0.87 ppm and 1.00 ppm) were tested. Morphological changes of the FB1 exposed-larvae were observed at 24 to 168 hpf. The mortality rate and abnormality of zebrafish larvae were significantly increased at 144 hpf exposure. Meanwhile, the spontaneous tail coiling showed a significant difference. There were no significant differences in the heartbeat rate. As a conclusion, the presence of FUM1 in every isolate can be detected by FUM1 gene analysis and both of the species produced different concentrations of FB1. This is the first report of FB1 produced by Fusarium species gave a significant effect on zebrafish development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document