scholarly journals Synchronization of the operation of a solid mineral fertilizer spreader and auxiliary machines and mechanisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
M.A. Gaibaryan ◽  
◽  
N.N. Novikov ◽  
V.S. Teterin ◽  
V.I. Sidorkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Conveyor System ◽  
Fertilization Process ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Working Bodies

The processes of synchronization of the operation of a solid mineral fertilizer spreader and auxiliary machines are described. The methodological approaches are determined. The methodology for calculating and substantiating the parameters and operating modes of the conveyor system for the mineral fertilizer handling is presented. The functional relationships between the parameters of the working bodies of mechanisms and machines involved in the fertilization process and the necessary conditions for their synchronous (uninterrupted) operation are discussed.

scholarly journals Theoretical justification of the main parameters of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
V. A. Sysuev ◽  
S. L. Demshin ◽  
D. A. Cheremisinov ◽  
M. S. Doronin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Compact Design

Increasing the efficiency of direct strip sowing of grass seeds by means of seeders with active furrow openers is possible when seed and fertilizer working bodies are removed from the zone of operation of disk milling cutters. A structural and technological scheme of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing is proposed, which consists of a milling furrow opener, fertilizer and seed coulters mounted on leashes in the form of torsion spring trailers, and a rolling roller. To ensure high quality multilevel sowing of grass seeds and granules of mineral fertilizers, it is necessary at the design stage to determine the length of the fertilizer coulter sides, which prevent premature shedding of soil from the furrow walls until the mineral fertilizer granules reach the bottom of the furrow, and the minimum allowable distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters, which allows to cover the granules of mineral fertilizers with soil completely while maintaining the compact design of the coulter group. In the course of theoretical research, mathematical dependences were obtained to determine the rational parameters and operating modes of the coulter group of the proposed design, which will ensure a minimum spread of mineral fertilizer granules over the depth of incorporation and a high stability of the soil layer thickness between mineral fertilizer granules and grass seeds. Rational parameters of the coulter group of the proposed design are determined for the range of operating speeds of the sod seeder for strip sowing: angle at the apex of the shank fertilizer coulter in the horizontal plane is 15-20º, the length of the fertilizer coulter sides is 0.040-0.045 m, the width of the fertilizer coulter bell is 0.02 m, minimum permissible distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters is 0.14-0.16 м.

Substantiation the machine with a basket for the application of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials with the upper arrangement of the feeding device

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Fesenko, H.
Keyword(s):  
Fat Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Analytical Mechanics ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stable Flow

Purpose. Increasing the uniformity of distribution of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials due to the stability of their feed from the body to the spreading working bodies using the top feeder. Methods. The following methods are used to achieve this aim: the method of comparing the differences between individual groups of fertilizers, the method of analyzing the properties of a new technical system, the method of functional inventiveness, and the methods of theoretical and analytical mechanics. Results. The traction body of the conveyor of the upper feed of the body fat body machine for mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials was substantiated and the relationship between the height of its scrapers and the distance between them was established, as well as the nature of the mineral fertilizer pressure on the curvilinear wall of the body. In addition, the design of the advanced body fertilizer spreader is justified, which ensures a stable flow of fertilizers from the body due to the improvement of the top feeder. Conclusions. Because of the conducted researches, the advantages of machines equipped with top feeder are found. They create the conditions for the forced feeding mineral fertilizers and other loose materials from the container to the distribution bodies, which is a prerequisite for their evenness on the surface. With this, the imperfection of known machines with the top feeder constrains their introduction into agricultural production. On this account, a more thoroughly constructed solution of the body feeder of the top feed is substantiated, in which the conveyor provides a stable supply of fertilizers from the body with reduced energy consumption during operation. Keywords: analysis, feed, upper device, conveyor, stability, fertilizers, flow ability, body.

Methodological Approaches to the Formation of the Soil Abrasive Characteristics and Wear of Tillage Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (43) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Anatoliy T. Lebedev ◽  
◽  
Viktor V. Ochinskiy ◽  
Yuriy I. Zhevora ◽  
Ramil’ R. Iskenderov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Numerical Characteristic ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Abrasive Ability ◽  
Moving Speed

When performing various technological operations in crop production, the working bodies of tillage equipment in contact with the soil wear out under the influence of an abrasive environment. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in theoretical substantiation for a method for quantifying the wear capacity of soils with different abrasive characteristics. (Materials and methods) The article presents the evaluation of the abrasive ability of the soil by the wear of a steel rod vertically immersed in the soil and moving translationally. Authors used the standard rod of steel St0; geometric parameters of the worn rod are diameter d = 25-30 millimeters, height h = 250 millimeters; dynamic characteristics during the test are moving speed V = 3 kilometers per hour, distance of movement L = 100 meters. The worn rod sinks to a certain depth, moves in the soil at a constant speed. A device was used to determine the abrasive characteristics of the soil. (Results and discussion) The numerical characteristic of the wear capacity of the soil was determined as the physical value of the wear of the standard worn rod when moving in the soil as A=Q/L, grams per meter. The lower the value of this ratio, the less abrasive components are in the soil; based on the wear data of a standard rod, it is possible to obtain a characteristic of the wear capacity of various soils. (Conclusions) The proposed method allows us to determine the abrasive and wear characteristics of various types of soils. The results of the study make it possible to install working bodies on tillage machines in accordance with the type and wear capacity of the soil in which they will work, which will reduce the cost of their manufacture and increase the efficiency of the use of equipment.

scholarly journals Дослідження безприводного ротаційного органу адаптера до сівалки просапних культур

2018 ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Є. Я. Прасолов ◽  
С. А. Бєловол ◽  
Б. С. Черненко ◽  
А. В. Ужищенко ◽  
А. В. Шеметюк
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Field Profile ◽  
Transverse Beam ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Soil Hardness ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Rotary Device

Представлено результати розробки безприводного ротаційного органу адаптера до сівалки просапних культур. Проведено аналіз робочих органів ґрунтообробних машин; обґрунтовано ґрунтообробний адаптер; визначено кути афронтальності й нахилу дискового  органу; проведено порівняльну оцінку показників твердості ґрунту; визначено раціональні параметри і режими роботи робочого органу; визначено фракційний склад ґрунту та розпушення робочим органом; проведено  дослідження з визначення раціонального кута φ робочого органу; встановлено поздовжній профіль насіннєвого ложа; виконано співвідношення ширини і глибини обробленої смуги; визначено коефіцієнти к1 і к2  у формулі тягового опору безприводного ротаційного органу. Для  підвищення якості передпосівного обробітку ґрунту запропоновано адаптер із безприводним ротаційним органом до сівалок, який складається з поперечної балки рами, на якій розташовані секції безприводного ротаційного органу. Для копіювання профілю поля кожна секція забезпечена паралелограмною підвіскою і підпружиненою штангою. Крім поперечної балки  рама адаптера складається з двох автозчіпок, які слугують для агрегатування з трактором, а автозчеплення з сівалкою, пов'язаних між собою поздовжніми балками.  Проведено випробування результатів науково-дослідної роботи, яким підтверджено ефективність та доцільність для використання у господарстві ПП Агрофірма «Анастасія» Глобинського району Полтавської області. The article presents the results of the development of a non-rotating rotational organ of the soil-working adapter to a seed drill of cultivating crops. The analysis of working bodies of soil-working machines was carried out; the constructive-technological scheme of the soil-working adapter is substantiated; defined angles of inclination and inclination of the disc body; comparative estimation of soil hardness indexes; defined rational parameters and operating modes of the working body; determined fractional composition of soil and loosening by the working body;  researches have been conducted to determine the rational angle φ of the working organ; the longitudinal profile of the seed bed is established; the ratio of the width and depth of the treated strip is executed; the coefficients k1 and k2 in the formula of the traction resistance of the non-driven rotational body are determined. To improve the quality of pre-sowing soil cultivation, an adapter with a rotary rotary device to the seeders is proposed. It consists of a transverse beam of a frame, on which, with the help of brackets, there are sections of a non-rotating rotary body. To improve the quality of pre-sowing soil cultivation, an adapter with a rotary device to the seeders is offered. It consists of a transverse beam of a frame, on which, with the help of brackets, there are sections of a non-rotating rotary body. To copy the field profile, each section is provided with a parallelogram suspension and a spring-loaded rod. In addition to the transverse beam of the adapter frame consists of two auto-scraps, which serve for aggregating with the tractor, and auto-coupling with a drill, connected by a longitudinal beam. The testing of research results has been carried out, which confirms the efficiency and expediency for use in the farm of the PP agricultural firm «Anastasia» in Globyno district, Poltava region.

scholarly journals THE CONTACT INTERACTION DYNAMICS OF THE WORKING TOOL OF THE MOLE PLOWSHARE WITH THE SOIL DURING FORMING PROSESS A CHANNEL FOR AN ANTI-FILTRATION SCREEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Olena Solona ◽  
Vladimir Kovbasa ◽  
Igor Kupchuk
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Contact Interaction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Today's realities of agriculture are increasingly prompting the need for the introduction of technologies for subsoil irrigation, as a possible tool to obtain maximum efficiency indicators of agricultural activities of agricultural enterprises. At the same time, the large-scale introduction of intra-soil irrigation technologies at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex is significantly complicated due to the poor practical and theoretical development of its methods, as well as the lack of extensive experimental verification of this method of irrigation. The development of many processes in the construction of irrigation and engineering structures requires substantiation of the geometric parameters and operating modes of the working bodies that are used to implement these processes. One of the working bodies that is used to form the cavity along which communication is stretched is a mole plow, which, depending on the expected working conditions, may have a different geometric configuration and size. The results of investigations of the interaction of the mole ploughshare with the soil in cavity formation for laying the anti-filtration screen are describe in this article. The authors propose to consider the soil in the form of an elastic-viscous model. By solving the contact problem of the interaction of a rigid body with a deformed medium, the stress components in the soil on the contact surface with the ploughshare are determined, and soil compaction is determined. The components of forces that appear on the surface of the ploughshare because of its interaction with the soil are determined depending on its geometric parameters and the mechanical properties of the soil. This solution is a general approach for the analytical solution of the class of problems of the contact interaction of a rigid body with a deformable medium possessing the properties of elasticity and viscosity.

scholarly journals Crucial Directions of the Development of Continuing Education in Russia. Aspects of Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Martynenko Elena Viktorovna ◽  
Parkhitko Nickolay Petrovich
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Lifelong Education ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Innovation Cycle ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The development of the lifelong education system is one of the most important areas of educational activity, which implies the continuity of processes in the systems of preschool, general secondary, primary, secondary, higher, postgraduate and additional professional education. The effectiveness and the possibility of educational activities are determined by the interconnections between the various stages of the innovation cycle, producers and consumers of services; firms, market, government and other social partners. Continuing education can be seen as part of a lifelong learning concept. Continuing education is not just a pedagogical system, characterized by certain structural features, functional relationships and teaching technologies, but also a specific component of the whole society. It becomes continuous, connected with life, and not just final, prescribed to a person during his studies at school, secondary school or university. The development of the lifelong education system allows creating all the necessary conditions to ensure the response of the education system to the dynamically changing needs of the individual, society, and the economy. In addition, many scientists note that the continuing education system plays an important role in the formation of personnel for the innovative development of Russian regions. The development of the lifelong education system is aimed at supporting the competent development of the individual, at implementing the concept of developing education. A competency-based approach to education creates all the necessary conditions for the diverse development of the individual, the formation of competencies and personal qualities that allow effective action in various life situations. The concept of lifelong education is based on the principles of continuity, flexibility, fast dynamics associated with changing needs in the labor market, for the implementation of education “not FOR life, but THROUGH life”. The article is devoted to the problem of implementation of continuing education in Russia and its impact on the quality of education in our country.

scholarly journals Experimental research of the quality layer treatment of seeds in agricultural crops by protective and stimulating preparations

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Ratushnyy, V. ◽  
Kosovets, Yu.
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Seed Supply ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Quality Layer

Purpose. Improving the efficiency of pesticide use by justifying rational modes operation of the working bodies treater for layer-by-layer treatment of seeds with protective and stimulating preparations. Methods. The researchers used the method of planning experiments and the experimental-calculation method. Results. Conducting laboratory and field researches of a prototype developed experimental sample for layer-by-layer treatment by crop seeds with protective and stimulating preparations, and indicators of the quality by seed treatment are determined depending on the operating modes at the working body. Conclusions. Regression equations are obtained to determine the quality layer-by-layer processing of seeds depending on the seed supply, the working fluid supply and the angular velocity by working body, on the basis of which the range of changes in the rational operating parameters by working bodies is established, which ensures the best quality of seed processing: the angular velocity of the working body is 80–120 rad/s, seed supply – 0.8–1.2 kg/s, supply of working fluid – 6–10 ml/s. Keywords: seeds, layer-by-layer processing, protective-stimulating preparations, working body, modes of operation.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CUTTER ON THE PROCESS OF GRINDING VEGETABLE RESIDUES OF THICK-STEM CROPS BY PROCESSING BANDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
M.M. Korchak ◽  
T.V. Dudchak ◽  
D.V. Vilchynska
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Theoretical studies of the milling tillage working body, in particular, dynamic properties under conditions of periodic external load, are substantiated and the main technological parameters are substantiated, and energy performance indicators are analyzed. The following data were adopted as the initial data for theoretical studies of the milling working body: the size of the row-spacing and strips, the dimensional characteristics of the root and stem residues. Theoretical studies of the milling machine gave such justified results: the diameter of the milling drum Dfr.bar = 0.3 m, the rotation frequency of the milling drum nfr.bar = 190 ... 430 hv-1, the number of installed knives on one disk n = 4 pcs, the rotating speed Vob = 6.59 m/s. Rational parameters and operating modes are justified: milling power Nfr = 19.3 kW, torque on the milling drum shaft Mkr = 0.45 kN·m. Theoretically substantiated milling working body is implemented in the development of a combined grinder of plant residues of thick-stem crops. The investigated working body, which performs the technological process of grinding compacted plant residues of thick-stemmed crops with the proposed technology, will allow us to further substantiate in more detail the mathematical model of the combined method of processing the field clogged with plant residues and determine the structural and technological structure of the grinder. The further development of the theoretical foundations of grinding plant residues and soil, in particular milling working bodies used in combined units, has been obtained

scholarly journals Mutual spectral densities calculation of the moments of resistance on the peat milling unit working bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 745-756
Author(s):  
Konstantin Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Spectral Densities ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Random Forces ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Working Bodies

When performing technological operations in the peat industry, various units with milling-type working bodies are used. They differ in design, layout, number and type of cutting elements, operating modes, and may have one or more working bodies. During operation, random forces and moments act on the cutters, which have a dramatically variable nature, which is associated with the periodic interaction of the knives with the peat deposit, its structural heterogeneity, variations in the milling depth, physical and mechanical properties of peat, the rotational speed of the cutter and the movement speed of the machine. In this case, significant dynamic loads arise in the structural elements, which leads to a decrease in their reliability, deterioration of the energy characteristics of the engine operation and technical and economic indicators of use. In the dynamic analysis of drive elements, when using machines with several working bodies, it is necessary to know both spectral and mutual spectral load densities.  For their calculation, expressions were obtained that take into account the physical and mechanical properties of peat, the operating modes of the unit and their probabilistic characteristics, as well as the design features of the working body. The expressions are obtained for the case when there are several working bodies with the same diameters and the number of knives in the cutting plane. In this case, the number of planes, width, type of cutting element and type of cutting (locked, semi-locked, etc.) may differ. As an example of using the developed approaches, the calculation of spectral and mutual spectral densities of moments on cutters and loads in the drive elements of the machine for surface-layer milling MTF-14 is presented.

scholarly journals The results of research to clarify the process of cutting soil spherical disk working body

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Volsky, V.
Keyword(s):  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Cutting Angle ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Soil Cutting ◽  
Instantaneous Center ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Working Bodies

Purpose. Clarify the size and direction of cutting the soil, taking into account the influence of the coordinates of the instantaneous center of the disk on the rotation of its diameter at the time of its location in a vertical position. Methods. Using the provisions of physics, theoretical mechanics and resistance of materials. Results. The influence of the coordinates of the location of the instantaneous center of the disk on the angle of cutting of the soil by the points of the blade of the disk and the vectors of their trajectory in the soil medium is established, which makes it possible to more accurately determine the value of the angle of cutting of the soil depending on the parameters and operating modes of the spherical disk working body, and its smallest possible value was used in as an evaluation criterion in the selection and justification of rational parameters and operating modes of disk harrows. It has been established that the cutting angle γcut increases with decreasing angle of inclination of the disk β and an increase in the angle of attack α'. Conclusions 1. The direction of movement of the points of the blade of the disk in the soil medium is clarified due to the rotation of the diameter of the disk at the moment of its vertical location under the influence of the coordinates of the instant center, this is confirmed by the profile of the formation of the bottom of the furrow with a notched disk of the working body. 2. A refined dependence is obtained for determining the angle of soil cutting by the points of the blade of a spherical disk working body, which combines all its parameters and the smallest possible value of the angle of soil cutting, and the expediency of its use in the selection and justification of rational parameters of the working bodies of the disk harrow. Keywords: soil, soil environment, the spherical disc working body, the points of the blade of the disk, the speed of movement of points of the blade of the disk, the cutting angle of the soil, the angle of attack, the angle of inclination of the disk to the vertical.

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