Substantiation the machine with a basket for the application of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials with the upper arrangement of the feeding device

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Fesenko, H.
Keyword(s):  
Fat Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Analytical Mechanics ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stable Flow

Purpose. Increasing the uniformity of distribution of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials due to the stability of their feed from the body to the spreading working bodies using the top feeder. Methods. The following methods are used to achieve this aim: the method of comparing the differences between individual groups of fertilizers, the method of analyzing the properties of a new technical system, the method of functional inventiveness, and the methods of theoretical and analytical mechanics. Results. The traction body of the conveyor of the upper feed of the body fat body machine for mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials was substantiated and the relationship between the height of its scrapers and the distance between them was established, as well as the nature of the mineral fertilizer pressure on the curvilinear wall of the body. In addition, the design of the advanced body fertilizer spreader is justified, which ensures a stable flow of fertilizers from the body due to the improvement of the top feeder. Conclusions. Because of the conducted researches, the advantages of machines equipped with top feeder are found. They create the conditions for the forced feeding mineral fertilizers and other loose materials from the container to the distribution bodies, which is a prerequisite for their evenness on the surface. With this, the imperfection of known machines with the top feeder constrains their introduction into agricultural production. On this account, a more thoroughly constructed solution of the body feeder of the top feed is substantiated, in which the conveyor provides a stable supply of fertilizers from the body with reduced energy consumption during operation. Keywords: analysis, feed, upper device, conveyor, stability, fertilizers, flow ability, body.

scholarly journals Theoretical justification of the main parameters of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
V. A. Sysuev ◽  
S. L. Demshin ◽  
D. A. Cheremisinov ◽  
M. S. Doronin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Compact Design

Increasing the efficiency of direct strip sowing of grass seeds by means of seeders with active furrow openers is possible when seed and fertilizer working bodies are removed from the zone of operation of disk milling cutters. A structural and technological scheme of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing is proposed, which consists of a milling furrow opener, fertilizer and seed coulters mounted on leashes in the form of torsion spring trailers, and a rolling roller. To ensure high quality multilevel sowing of grass seeds and granules of mineral fertilizers, it is necessary at the design stage to determine the length of the fertilizer coulter sides, which prevent premature shedding of soil from the furrow walls until the mineral fertilizer granules reach the bottom of the furrow, and the minimum allowable distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters, which allows to cover the granules of mineral fertilizers with soil completely while maintaining the compact design of the coulter group. In the course of theoretical research, mathematical dependences were obtained to determine the rational parameters and operating modes of the coulter group of the proposed design, which will ensure a minimum spread of mineral fertilizer granules over the depth of incorporation and a high stability of the soil layer thickness between mineral fertilizer granules and grass seeds. Rational parameters of the coulter group of the proposed design are determined for the range of operating speeds of the sod seeder for strip sowing: angle at the apex of the shank fertilizer coulter in the horizontal plane is 15-20º, the length of the fertilizer coulter sides is 0.040-0.045 m, the width of the fertilizer coulter bell is 0.02 m, minimum permissible distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters is 0.14-0.16 м.

scholarly journals The Determination of Bending Radius of the Flexible Screw Conveyor Made of Sectional Elements

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
O.L. Lyashuk ◽  
V.M. Klendiy ◽  
T.D. Navrotska ◽  
M.R Konevich
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
Bending Radius ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Relationship

Mechanisms with screw devices are widely used in all fields of the economy, especially flexible screw conveyors with sectional elements for the transportation of granular materials during transportation on curved roads. Nowadays the strategies for improving the section screw working bodies in order to enhance their operational indicators are up-to-date issues, as the shaftless screw working bodies, despite the simplicity of the design, do not provide appropriate performance or have low operational life. The study deals with the development of flexible screw working body model of sectional elements. The model of flexible screw conveyor working body of sectional elements can be used in various sectors of the food and processing industry, agriculture, technological processes for mechanized loading of mineral fertilizers, seed material, etc. The scheme for determining the relationship between structural parameters of flexible shaft and its bending radius is given in the study. The analytical dependences for determination of bending radius of flexible screw conveyor section according to design and energy-power parameters during transportation are identified in the paper. The graphic dependences of changes in the bending radius of the conveyor flexible screw working body from the structural parameters of sectional elements are constructed. The obtained results make it possible to confirm the minimum permissible bending radius of the technological line Rк., which allows to increase the minimum bending radius at 20 ... 30% to ensure guaranteed non-rotation sections, that would eliminate the possibility of accidents and increase the durability of the operation of the proposed working body

Interaction of the bar-plate conveyor of the machine with mineral fertilizers

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
P. I. Vitrukh
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Uneven Distribution ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Structural Scheme ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Continuous Surface ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Annotation Purpose. Determining the impact and interaction of the bar-plate conveyor with the mass of fertilizers to justify the choice of its parameters and mode of operation, ensuring the stability of the process. Methods. Theoretical calculations, their analysis. Results. The structural scheme of the process of mineral fertilizers leakage by bar-plate conveyor through the unloading window is substantiated. The effectiveness of fertilizers largely depends on the correct combination of methods of their introduction into the soil. There are two ways to use fertilizers: continuous surface sifting and internal soil application. Depending on the terms and norms perform basic and pre-sowing application, as well as fertilization [1]. Centrifugal mineral fertilizer spreaders, which use disks with the possibility of making the working mixture on the surface at an angle to the horizon have become widespread. This is due primarily to the versatility of the tool, in which due to the reorientation of the disk you can get high quality fertilizers and achieve high widths of spread. Conclusions. The results of the kinematic analysis showed that the theoretically possible uneven distribution of mineral fertilizers can reach 34–60%, in fact it is less due to the elasticity and shedding of fertilizers. To reduce the uneven distribution in the design of the machine, we have provided an intermediate hopper with an inclined auger, due to which we were able to significantly reduce the intermittent supply of mass by the conveyor. Secondly, due to the auger, we have achieved the versatility of the machine: after removing the centrifugal working body, the machine can be used for other work. Keywords: mineral fertilizers, bar-plate conveyor, spreading and local fertilization.

scholarly journals The gait planning of hexapod robot based on CPG with feedback

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 172988142093050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binrui Wang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xuefeng Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Cui
Keyword(s):  
Central Pattern Generator ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Pattern Generator ◽  
The Body ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Point Problem ◽  
Vector Product ◽  
Hexapod Robot ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

To realize the omnidirectional motion, the transition motion of hexapod robot from flat to slope is studied, and a new type of stability criterion is proposed. Firstly, the landing point problem of the hexapod robot in the process of transition is studied, the relationship between the introduced angle in ankle of the supporting leg and the body pitch is acquired, and the transition gait based on central pattern generator bottom feedback is planned. Secondly, the slope motion is analyzed, the relationship between the angle variable of the supporting knee joint and the pitch angle of hexapod is obtained, and the slope gait is planned based on central pattern generator middle level feedback. According to vector product, the solution of working out the stability margin of hexapod robot’s motion is designed. Lastly, MATLAB/ADAMAS co-simulation platform and physical hardware are constructed, the simulation and experiment of transition motion of hexapod robot from flat to 12° slope and motion of climbing 16° slope are done. According to the analysis of the results, in the transition motion from flat to 12° slope, based on the transition gait, hexapod robot can keep three foots touch the ground, and the foot force is uniform. According to the means designed to work out a stability margin based on vector product, the stability margin constant is greater than zero. In the motion of climbing 16° slope, based on the slope gait, hexapod robot completes the motion of climbing 16° slope. Based on transition gait, hexapod robot implements the transition movement from flat to slope stably. Based on slope gait, hexapod robot improves the ability of slope motion.

sFlt-1: a double regulator in angiogenesis-related diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liao ◽  
Xingtao Zhao ◽  
Mengting Zhou ◽  
Ying Deng ◽  
Yunxia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Vascular Growth ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a supergene family derived from a platelet growth factor. It plays a pivotal role in regulating angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. sFlt-1 is a soluble antagonist of VEGF with an essential effect of maintaining the balance of vascular growth. Recently, sFlt-1 has emerged as a new marker for early diagnosis and disease surveillance of angiogenesis-related diseases. However, few comprehensive reviews focus on the relationship between sFlt-1 and related diseases despite that many results have yielded. Methods: In this review, we analyzed the relationship between sFlt-1 and angiogenesis-related diseases by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and other databases, and summarized our current understanding of the role of sFlt-1 in angiogenesis-related diseases. Results: sFlt-1 is associated with pre-eclampsia, perinatal cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, tumor, atherosclerosis, and other diseases. The mechanisms of sFlt-1 that regulate those diseases are mainly associated with the bioavailability of VEGF and vascular endothelial cell integrity. Conclusion: From the summary article, sFlt-1 is a double regulator in angiogenesis-related diseases; too much or too little may cause different diseases. Therefore, maintaining the stability of sFlt-1 content in the body is essential to control the development of related diseases.

scholarly journals Norm and human health

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Yuri S. Malov ◽  
Igor M. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of norms is common to biology and medicine. It represents the essence of any phenomenon. In medicine, human health is expressed through the category of norm. The basis of the construction of the norm (normology) should be based on the principle of correspondence of morphofunctional properties of the organism to the environment, and not their nature. And then indicators that reflect the stability of a living non-equilibrium system or the state of an adapted organism will characterize (normal) human health. The norm is always stable, otherwise it will not be the norm. The science of human health developed through analysis the decomposition of a complex whole into simple parts. In this case, the object disappeared as a whole, as a system with all its inherent features. The norm was derived from the fitness, balance of the body with the environment. Recently, it has become possible to consider a person as a system that is determined by the relationship of the whole and its parts (the golden ratio). In biology, the golden ratio manifests itself in many ways, from the structure of polypeptides to the human body. The study of a living organism as a system allowed us to establish the harmonic essence of its structure. The idea of the harmony of the world of systems is connected with the relations of "opposites" within the object. The "golden opposites" of healthy people are a kind of norm reference. What brings "opposites" to unity is harmony. Harmony is closely related to the golden ratio. Golden harmony is the basis of human health. Mathematical expression of harmony, symmetry a method of assessing (norm) human health. Deviations from the "golden" relations can be used in medicine as indicators (criteria) for the diagnosis of pathological disorders.

scholarly journals Humus condition and nutrients regime of leached chernozem depending on sugar beet fertilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V Ivanina . ◽  
◽  
R. M. Shapovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
The Stability

The aim of the study is to investigate the state of humus and nutrient regime of leached chernozem under traditional and alternative systems of sugar beet fertilization. Field, laboratory and analytical methods were used during the research. The application of straw stabilized the humus content in the upper 0-30 cm layer of leached chernozem, increasing its content compared to the control without straw by 0.08-0.12%. The highest absolute content of humus in the layer of 0-30 cm was achieved by applying 5 t/ha of straw + N50 + N100P100K100 - 3.00% with an advantage to control without fertilizers by 0.13%. The combined application of mineral fertilizers and straw provided the conditions for favorable mineral nutrition of sugar beets at the beginning of the growing season and the stability of their growth and development during the growing season. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the layer of 0-30 cm of soil under the application of 5 t/ha of straw + N50 + N100P100K100 was 23.2 mg/kg, ammonium - 14.4, mobile phosphorus - 96, mobile potassium - 109 with the advantage to control without fertilizers by 5.2, 3.5, 7.0 and 12 mg/kg of soil, respectively. The study of the influence of alternative organic-mineral fertilizer systems on soil fertility parameters is the basis for the development of sustainable sugar beet fertilizer systems in the context of climate change.

L-Ascorbic Acid Addition to Chitosan Reduces Body Weight in Overweight Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Y. Jung ◽  
Sung C. Jun ◽  
Un J. Chang ◽  
Hyung J. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Weights

Previously, we have found that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan enhanced the reduction in body weight gain in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet. We hypothesized that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan would accelerate the reduction of body weight in humans, similar to the animal model. Overweight subjects administered chitosan with or without L-ascorbic acid for 8 weeks, were assigned to three groups: Control group (N = 26, placebo, vehicle only), Chito group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan), and Chito-vita group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan plus 2 g/day L-ascorbic acid). The body weights and body mass index (BMI) of the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. The BMI of the Chito-vita group decreased significantly compared to the Chito group (Chito: -1.0 kg/m2 vs. Chito-vita: -1.6 kg/m2, p < 0.05). The results showed that the chitosan enhanced reduction of body weight and BMI was accentuated by the addition of L-ascorbic acid. The fat mass, percentage body fat, body circumference, and skinfold thickness in the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased more than the Control group; however, these parameters were not significantly different between the three groups. Chitosan combined with L-ascorbic acid may be useful for controlling body weight.

The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Shirazu I. ◽  
Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽  
Elvis K. Tiburu ◽  
Mensah Y. B. ◽  
Forson A.
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

An Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Graphene doped CNTs /TiO2 Nanofluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Zetty Akhtar ◽  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
M.A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis

This paper presents the findings of the stability, thermal conductivity and viscosity of CNTs (doped with 10 wt% graphene)- TiO2 hybrid nanofluids under various concentrations. While the usage of cutting fluid in machining operation is necessary for removing the heat generated at the cutting zone, the excessive use of it could lead to environmental and health issue to the operators. Therefore, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) to replace the conventional flooding was introduced. The MQL method minimises the usage of cutting fluid as a step to achieve a cleaner environment and sustainable machining. However, the low thermal conductivity of the base fluid in the MQL system caused the insufficient removal of heat generated in the cutting zone. Addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid was then introduced to enhance the performance of cutting fluids. The ethylene glycol used as the base fluid, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanoparticle mixed to produce nanofluids with concentrations of 0.02 to 0.1 wt.% with an interval of 0.02 wt%. The mixing ratio of TiO2: CNTs was 90:10 and ratio of SDBS (surfactant): CNTs was 10:1. The stability of nanofluid checked using observation method and zeta potential analysis. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of suspension were measured at a temperature range between 30˚C to 70˚C (with increment of 10˚C) to determine the relationship between concentration and temperature on nanofluid’s thermal physical properties. Based on the results obtained, zeta potential value for nanofluid range from -50 to -70 mV indicates a good stability of the suspension. Thermal conductivity of nanofluid increases as an increase of temperature and enhancement ratio is within the range of 1.51 to 4.53 compared to the base fluid. Meanwhile, the viscosity of nanofluid shows decrements with an increase of the temperature remarks significant advantage in pumping power. The developed nanofluid in this study found to be stable with enhanced thermal conductivity and decrease in viscosity, which at once make it possible to be use as nanolubricant in machining operation.

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