scholarly journals Effects of different fertilizer application practices on newly reclaimed soil structure and its nutrient content

2021 ◽  
pp. 781-794
Author(s):  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Zenghui Sun ◽  
Huanyuan Wang ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Tianqing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Reclaimed Soil

Effects of organic fertilizer practice (OF), organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer practice (OC), and conventional fertilization practice (CF) on soil structure were evaluated by combining micro and macro analyses in newly reclaimed cultivated land. Soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil bulk density (BD), soil moisture content (SMC), and aggregate stability were also analyzed. The CF soil structure was mainly composed of moderately separated block and angular structures with the minimum SOM (7.08 g/kg) and the highest BD (1.40 g/cm3), and the pore type was mainly simple surface cracks. Compared with CF, OF and OC significantly increased SOM content by 59.3 and 29.6% (p < 0.05) and CEC by 13.5 and 5.2%, respectively. The newly reclaimed soil structure was improved to a moderately separated clump structure and a well-developed aggregated structure, and the number of composite accumulation pores gradually increased. Moreover, OF and OC were associated with higher mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD) values, and lower BD and fractal dimension (D) values. The water-stable macroaggregates (R0.25) and the aggregate stability of newly reclaimed soil were significantly increased, with a stronger improvement observed under OF. These results confirm the benefits of OC and OF practices on the structural stability, water and fertilizer retention characteristics of newly reclaimed cultivated land, and will be conductive to improving the soil quality and achieving sustainable soil development. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 781-794, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Soil fertility changes following conversion of grassland to oil palm

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 698 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Nelson ◽  
M. Banabas ◽  
S. Nake ◽  
I. Goodrick ◽  
M. J. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Mg Content

Impacts of palm oil industry expansion on biodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions might be mitigated if future plantings replace grassland rather than forest. However, the trajectory of soil fertility following planting of oil palm on grasslands is unknown. We assessed the changes in fertility of sandy volcanic ash soils (0–0.15 m depth) in the first 25 years following conversion of grassland to oil palm in smallholder blocks in Papua New Guinea, using a paired-site approach (nine sites). There were significant decreases in soil pH (from pH 6.1 to 5.7) and exchangeable magnesium (Mg) content following conversion to oil palm but no significant change in soil carbon (C) contents. Analyses to 1.5 m depth at three sites indicated little change in soil properties below 0.5 m. There was considerable variability between sites, despite them being in a similar landscape and having similar profile morphology. Soil Colwell phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K) contents decreased under oil palm at sites with initially high contents of C, nitrogen, Colwell P and exchangeable cations. We also assessed differences in soil fertility between soil under oil palm (established after clearing forest) and adjacent forest at two sites. At those sites, there was significantly lower soil bulk density, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable calcium, Mg and K under oil palm, but the differences may have been due to less clayey texture at the oil palm sites than the forest sites. Cultivation of oil palm maintained soil structure and fertility in the desirable range, indicating that it is a sustainable endeavour in this environment.

scholarly journals Developing a Vegetable Fertility Program Using Organic Amendments and Inorganic Fertilizers

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Ozores-Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Soil Carbon Content

This review integrates information from common organic amendments used in conventional vegetable production, including 1) cover crops (legumes and nonlegumes), 2) compost generated from yard wastes, biosolids, municipal solid waste (MSW), animal manures, and other biodegradable waste by-products, and 3) raw animal manure (with and without bedding). Environmental monitoring has shown elevated nitrate concentration to be widespread in both surface and groundwater, often occurring in regions with concentrated horticultural production. Therefore, the objective of this review was to calculate the nutrient content from organic amendments, since these are not considered nutrient sources. Common organic amendments affect soil bulk density, water-holding capacity, soil structure, soil carbon content, macro- and micronutrients, pH, soluble salts, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and biological properties (microbial biomass). The first step in building a conventional tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fertility program will be to take a soil sample and send it to a soil laboratory for a nutrient analysis. These results should be compared with the local crop recommendations. Second, select the organic amendments based on local cover crop suitability and availability of compost, raw animal manure, or both. Then, determine the nutrients available from cover crops and other applied organic amendments and use inorganic fertilizer sources to satisfy the crop nutrient requirements not supplied from these other sources.

The Study of Soil Improvement in the Process of Land Consolidation in Salinization Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2773-2779
Author(s):  
Qing Min Zhang ◽  
Hong Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Soil Salt Content ◽  
Saline Area

According to the consolidation practice and the special characteristics of land in the saline area with high soil salt content and less nutrient content, this article adopted salt separated material (A), the depth of the salt separated material (B) and amendments (C) as factors to improve the soil property by designing 3 factors of 3 level orthogonal variance analysis. Based on it, the better drainage scheme can be chosen and it can provide guidance on land consolidation in the region. The results showed that: after soil improvement, the soil bulk density, pH and salt content decreased significantly, the content of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter showed an upward trend, but a slight decline in effective potassium. Compared with the control group, the soil properties, mainly nutrients, crop biomass and yield significantly of the test groups were significantly improved, and the indicators were significantly different. After comprehensive consideration, the best improvement program is A2B2C1, and the slag and straw, 60cm and organic fertilizer are selected as the salt separated material, the depth of the salt separated material and amendments respectively.

scholarly journals Quicklime application instantly increases soil aggregate stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina M. Keiblinger ◽  
Lisa M. Bauer ◽  
Evi Deltedesco ◽  
Franz Holawe ◽  
Hans Unterfrauner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Instantaneous Increase

Abstract Agricultural intensification, especially enhanced mechanisation of soil management, can lead to the deterioration of soil structure and to compaction. A possible amelioration strategy is the application of (structural) lime. In this study, we tested the effect of two different liming materials, ie limestone (CaCO3) and quicklime (CaO), on soil aggregate stability in a 3-month greenhouse pot experiment with three agricultural soils. The liming materials were applied in the form of pulverised additives at a rate of 2 000 kg ha−1. Our results show a significant and instantaneous increase of stable aggregates after quicklime application whereas no effects were observed for limestone. Quicklime application seems to improve aggregate stability more efficiently in soils with high clay content and cation exchange capacity. In conclusion, quicklime application may be a feasible strategy for rapid improvement of aggregate stability of fine textured agricultural soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Fertilizer Form and Dosage on Soil Chemical Properties, Leaf Macro Nutrient Content and Vegetative Growth of Siamese Orange (Citrus nobilis Lour) seedlings

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Allysa Puspa Saraswati ◽  
S Sutopo ◽  
Syahrul Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Significant Difference

Orange is a national superior commodity that has an important role in increasing foreign exchange for the country. However, the development of citrus cultivation in Indonesia is still relatively low, probably due to soil fertility degradation. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of differences in the application of organic fertilizer (form and dose) and their interaction on soil chemical properties, nutrient concentration in the leaf (i.e. N, P, K), and growth in Siamese citrus seedlings. The treatments included the application of a combination of forms and doses of organic fertilizer, namely SD1 (powder dose 2 t ha-1), SD2 (powder dose 4 t ha-1), SD3 (powder dose 6 t ha-1), SD4 (powder dose 8 t ha-1), SD5 (powder dose 10 t/ha), GD1 (granule dose 2 t ha-1), GD2 (granule dose 4 t ha-1), GD3 (granule dose 6 t/ha), GD4 (granule dose 8 t ha-1) and GD5 (granule dose 10 t ha-1). The results showed that there was a significant difference in the interaction between form and dose of organic fertilizer only in the number of primary branches at 4 WAP (weeks after application) with the highest values was found in powder organic fertilizer at a dose of 8 t ha-1 and granules organic fertilizer at a dose 10 t ha-1. In addition, the application of powder organic fertilizer application had a higher plant height at 10-12 WAP as compared to the application of granule organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals Plant Organic Matter Really Matters: Pedological Effects of Kūpaoa (Dubautia menziesii) Shrubs in a Volcanic Alpine Area, Maui, Hawai’i

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco L. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Litter Accumulation ◽  
Organic Matter Accumulation

This study examines litter accumulation and associated soil fertility islands under kūpaoa (Dubautia menziesii) shrubs, common at high elevations in Haleakalā National Park (Maui, Hawai’i). The main purposes were to: (i) Analyze chemical and physical properties of kūpaoa leaf-litter, (ii) determine soil changes caused by organic-matter accumulation under plants, and (iii) compare these with the known pedological effects of silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense) rosettes in the same area. Surface soil samples were gathered below shrubs, and compared with paired adjacent, bare sandy soils; two soil profiles were also contrasted. Litter patches under kūpaoa covered 0.57–3.61 m2 area and were 22–73 mm thick. A cohesive, 5–30-mm-thick soil crust with moderate aggregate stability developed underneath litter horizons; grain aggregation was presumably related to high organic-matter accumulation. Shear strength and compressibility measurements showed crusts opposed significantly greater resistance to physical removal and erosion than adjacent bare soils. As compared to contiguous bare ground areas, soils below shrubs had higher organic matter percentages, darker colors, faster infiltration rates, and greater water-retention capacity. Chemical soil properties were greatly altered by organic matter: Cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+), N, P, and cation-exchange capacity, were higher below plants. Further processes affecting soils under kūpaoa included microclimatic amelioration, and additional water input by fog-drip beneath its dense canopy. Substrate modifications were more pronounced below D. menziesii than A. sandwicense. Organic matter and available nutrient contents were higher under shrubs, where soils also showed greater infiltration and water-retention capacity. These trends resulted from contrasting litter properties between plant species, as kūpaoa leaves have higher nutrient content than silversword foliage. Different litter dynamics and reproduction strategies may also explain contrasting soil properties between the monocarpic rosettes and polycarpic kūpaoa. By inducing substantial substrate changes, Dubautia shrubs alter—or even create—different microhabitats and exert critical control on alpine soil development at Haleakalā.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Buah Naga (The Influence of Organic Fertilizer to Growth and Production of Dragon Fruit)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Irwan Muas ◽  
NFN Jumjunidang ◽  
NFN Hendri ◽  
Bambang Hariyanto ◽  
Liza Oktariana
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Number Of Branches

<p>Pemupukan merupakan salah satu aspek penting untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas buah naga. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi buah naga. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun petani Nagari Aripan, Kabupaten Solok, Provinsi Sumatra Barat, dimulai sejak Januari sampai dengan Desember 2014. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, setiap unit perlakuan terdiri atas tiga tiang. Faktor pertama adalah takaran pupuk organik dengan tiga level, yaitu 5, 10, dan 15 kg/tiang. Faktor kedua adalah interval waktu pemberian pupuk organik terdiri atas empat level, yaitu 1, 2, 3, dan 4 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik secara nyata dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan (jumlah cabang), jumlah produksi dan kualitas buah (grade/ukuran buah, TSS). Pemberian pupuk organik juga dapat meningkatkan kandungan hara pada tanah dan tanaman. Aplikasi pupuk organik dengan takaran 15 kg dan interval 1 bulan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan (jumlah cabang), produksi, dan kualitas buah (grade/ukuran buah) tertinggi. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi buah naga perlu dilakukan aplikasi pupuk organik.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Pupuk organik; Pertumbuhan; Produksi; Buah naga</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Fertilization is one of important aspect in improving the productivity and quality of dragon fruit. This study aims to determine the effect of organic fertilizer on the growth and production of dragon fruit. The research was conducted from January to December 2014 at farmer orchard in Solok District, West Sumatra. The study was prepared based on a Factorial RCBD with two factors and three replicates, each treatment consisting of three pillars. First factor  was organic fertilizer dose with three levels (5, 10, and 15 kg/pillar).  Second factor was the interval application of organic fertilizer consisting of four levels (1, 2, 3, and 4 months). The results showed that the provision of organic fertilizer can significantly increase the growth (number of branches), amount of production and quality of fruit (grade/fruit size,TSS). Provision of organic fertilizers can also increase the nutrient content of soil and plants. Application of organic fertilizer with a dose of 15 kg and 1 month interval gives the highest growth (number of branches), the highest number of fruit production and quality (grade/fruit size) are significantly. Implication of this research is to increase the growth and production of dragon fruit that needs to be done organic fertilizer application.</p>

scholarly journals Sludge amendment accelerating reclamation process of reconstructed mining substrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Ningning Yin ◽  
Ruiwei Xu ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Mining Soil ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Reclamation Process

AbstractWe constructed a mining soil restoration system combining plant, complex substrate and microbe. Sludge was added to reconstructed mine substrates (RMS) to accelerate the reclamation process. The effect of sludge on plant growth, microbial activity, soil aggregate stability, and aggregation-associated soil characteristics was monitored during 10 years of reclamation. Results show that the height and total biomass of ryegrass increases with reclamation time. Sludge amendment increases the aggregate binding agent content and soil aggregate stability. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and light-fraction SOC (LFOC) in the RMS increase by 151% and 247% compared with those of the control, respectively. A similar trend was observed for the glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). Stable soil aggregate indexes increase until the seventh year. In short, the variables of RMS determined after 3–7 years insignificantly differ from those of the untreated sample in the tenth-year. Furthermore, significant positive correlations between the GRSP and SOC and GRSP and soil structure-related variables were observed in RMS. Biological stimulation of the SOC and GRSP accelerates the recovery of the soil structure and ecosystem function. Consequently, the plant–complex substrate–microbe ecological restoration system can be used as an effective tool in early mining soil reclamation.

scholarly journals Novel Route Planning Method to Improve the Operational Efficiency of Capacitated Operations. Case: Application of Organic Fertilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-477
Author(s):  
Mahdi Vahdanjoo ◽  
Claus G. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Proposed Model

A field area coverage-planning algorithm has been developed for the optimization and simulation of capacitated field operations such as the organic fertilizer application process. The proposed model provides an optimal coverage plan, which includes the optimal sequence of the visited tracks with a designated application rate. The objective of this paper is to present a novel approach for route planning involving two simultaneous optimization criteria, non-working distance minimization and the optimization of application rates, for the capacitated field operations such as organic fertilizer application to improve the overall operational efficiency. The study and the developed algorithm have shown that it is possible to generate the optimized coverage plan based on the required defined capacity of the distributer. In this case, the capacity of the distributer is not considered a limiting factor for the farmers. To validate this new method, a shallow injection application process was considered, and the results of applying the optimization algorithm were compared with the conventional methods. The results show that the proposed method increase operational efficiency by 19.7%. Furthermore, the applicability of the proposed model in robotic application were demonstrated by way of two defined scenarios.

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