scholarly journals Effectivity of Bacterial Suspension Bacillus thuringiensis Var Israelensis in Killing Aedes aegypti L. Mosquito Larvae

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-710
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni Sukesi ◽  
Sulistyawati ◽  
Eva Hendrawati ◽  
Surahma Asti Mulasari
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a disease transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Prevention of transmission of this disease one of which is the chemical control with temefos, but the use of sustainable temefos can cause insect resistance and environmental damage. Therefore we need an effective and safe alternative to larvicide, the suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis. Methods: This study used a type of true experimental research design with posttest only control group design. Samples used in this study are the third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. Concentrations used in this study were a 0.01%; Of 0.02%; Of 0.03%; 0:04% and 0.05% by the number of 25 larvae per treatment and 3 times replication. Results: Based on the Kruskal Walls obtained a value of 0.009> 0.05 means there is a stock mortality of larvae using a suspension of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, temefos and distilled. Test Mann Whitney showed that among the positive control (temefos a 0.01%) and negative control (distilled water) there are differences in the number of larvae mortality significantly, the positive control treatment with no significant difference, and between negative control and treatments armpits there are differences in the number of deaths larvae significant. The LC50 value obtained was 0.010% and the LT50 value obtained was 2,683 hours. Conclusions: The suspension of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis is effective in killing the larvae of Aedes aegypti with LC50 values of 0.0105 and LT50 values on the clock to 2.683. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.706-710

scholarly journals EFIKASI EKSTRAK DAUN ZODIA (Evodia suaveolens) PELARUT HEKSANA DALAM MEMATIKAN LARVA INSTAR III Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Didi Setiyadi ◽  
Martini Martini ◽  
Mochamad Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test

DHF is a disease caused by a virus which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito and is one of the health problems in Indonesia. Efforts to decide the transmission of DHF by controlling the population of Aedes aegypti at the larval stage using larvaside temepos. Long-term use of temephos causes Aedes aegypti resistance and environmental damage. One of the plants that has the potential as botanical larvaside is the leaves of zodia (Evodia suaveolens). The purpose of this study was to prove the efficacy of zodia leaves of hexane solvent for killing A. aegypti larvae. This type of research is a pure experiment with the post test only control group design. The research sample is A. aegypti stage III susceptible strain. There are 7 groups consisting of 1 negative control (aquades), positive control (1 ppm temepos) and 5 treatment groups (zodia leaf extract). Data on larval mortality were counted 24 hours after treatment. The results of the one way ANOVA test showed that there were differences in mortality between test groups with a p value: 0.001 α (0.05). Zodia leaf extract probit test results showed LC50-24 hour and LC90-24 hour values of 0,443 ppm and 0,788 ppm. Zodia leaf extract with hexane solvent has efficacy as Aedes aegypti larvicide.

UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus) DENGAN INDUKSI NYERI ASAM ASETAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Triswanto Sentat ◽  
Susiyanto Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analgesic Dose ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contains tannins, flavonoids and polyphenol compounds allegedly have analgesic effect. The objective was to determine the analgesic effect of ethanol extract of kersen leaves and to determine the most effective analgesic dose. This study was an experimental research. Leaves were extracted with ethanol 70% and the analgesic effect test was divided into 5 groups: negative control treatment (distilled water), positive control (mefenamic acid 2.6mg/kg), kersen leaf ethanol extract first dose (100mg/kg), second dose (200mg/kg) and tthird dose (400mg/kg). Giving treatments by oral, after 30 minutes, the mices were given a pain inductor with 0.5% acetic acid by intra peritonial administration. Analgesic power was calculated by counting the number of writhing in mice for 1 hour. The results showed that the ethanol extract of cherry leaf has analgesic effect. From the calculation of the first dose analgesic power (42.9%), second dose (59.4%) and the third dose 69.9%. Statistical test results kruskal wallis value of p=0.011 (p<0.05) showed a significant difference between all analgesic treatment groups. The conclusion of this study is all of the ethanol extract had analgesic effects on male white mice, whereas a dose of 400mg/kg is the most effective analgesic dose.

Potential Antiseptic of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves extract on Healing wound in Male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 3143-3149
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Purwanti Ningsih ◽  
Noorlaila Noorlaila ◽  
Ikhwan Rizki Muhammad ◽  
Windy Yuliana Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Background: The process of wound healing is influenced by various factors such as age, hormones, and wound care. Wound care is done to accelerate wound healing which can be done by various methods, one of them is traditional care. Traditional wound care can use medicinal plants. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is a medicinal plant that has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antibacterial content. Thus this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the antiseptic solution of the Rodhomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract on wound healing in male Wistar rats. Method: this research is pure experimental research with post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into five groups, namely negative control, positive control, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract 15%, 30%, and 60%. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extraction was carried out by maceration method with 70% ethano solvent. The extraction results are divided into 3 concentrations (15%, 30% and 60%). The wound healing process was evaluated by measuring the length of the wound manually from 0 to 10 days in each group. Meanwhile, the number of fibroblast cells was calculated through hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and observed using an Olympus CX41 microscope with a 10x magnification and objective lens magnification in 3 fields. Result: There was a significant difference in the reduction in wound length (p =< 0,000) between the five experimental groups (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract solution 15%, 30% and 60%, negative control and positive control. Solution of rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract accelerated the increase in the number of fibroblasts compared to the negative control group (p = 0.003), but did not make a difference (p = 0.403) with the positive control group. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extraction solution had the same microscopic effect on the number of fibroblasts with a positive control group given 0.9% NaCl solution. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the number of fibroblasts between all groups, but no difference in wound healing length.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of Three Obturation Techniques Using a Glucose Leakage Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Olczak ◽  
Halina Pawlicka
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of three different canal filling techniques. Sixty-four roots of extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were prepared using ProTaper® rotary instruments. The specimens were then randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (n=16) and 2 control groups (n=8). The root canals were filled using cold lateral compaction (CLC group), continuous wave condensation technique using the Elements Obturation Unit® (EOU group), and ProTaper obturators (PT group). For the negative control group, 8 roots were filled using lateral compaction as in the CLC group, and the teeth were covered twice with a layer of nail varnish (NCG group). Another 8 roots were filled using lateral compaction, but without sealer, and these were used as the positive control (PCG group). A glucose leakage model was used for quantitative evaluation of microleakage for 24 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 weeks. No significant difference in the cumulative amount of leakage was found between the three experimental groups at all observation times. The lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha can guarantee a similar seal of canal fillings as can be achieved by using thermal methods, in the round canals.

scholarly journals A Digital Microscopic Inspection of Dentinal Defects after Using Endodontic Retreatment Files

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ammar AbuMostafa ◽  
Hala Almoqayyad ◽  
Al-Omari Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Retreatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Microscopic Inspection

Aim. The study aimed at evaluating the incidence of dentinal defects after root canal retreatment with ProTaper Universal retreatment (PTUR) and XP-endo Shaper and Finisher R (XP). Materials and Methods. Sixty extracted single-rooted human premolars were selected and divided into 4 groups of 15 teeth each. In the negative control group, the teeth were left unprepared. In the positive control group, the teeth were prepared with ProTaper Next and obturated with no further retreatment. In the PTUR and XP groups, the teeth were prepared and obturated followed by removal of the filling material at body temperature using PTUR and XP instruments, respectively. The roots were then sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex and observed under a digital microscope to detect defects. Results. PTUR group showed significantly higher ( p value <0.05) incidence of defects than the other groups. Comparison of no defects versus defects between groups in different areas of root canals demonstrated significant difference among the groups in the apical and cervical regions. Conclusion. Within the limitations of the present study, PTUR files created significantly more dentinal defects than XP files, with most of those defects at the cervical and apical areas of the root canals.

scholarly journals The mortality effect of castor bean (Ricinus communis) extract on Aedes aegypti larvae

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
TRI NUGROHO WIBOWO ◽  
DARUKUTNI DARUKUTNI ◽  
SUTARTINAH SRI HANDAYANI
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Mortality Effect ◽  
Significant Difference

Wibowo TN, Darukutni, Handayani SS. 2010. The mortality effect of castor bean (Ricinus communis) extract on Aedes aegypti larvae. Biofarmasi 8: 77-81. The aim of this research was to determine the mortality effect of Ricinus communis L. extract on Aedes aegypti L. larvae. This research was an laboratory experimental, with a post-test only controlled group design, and used 750 larvae Instar III of A. aegypti L. that divided into 6 groups (control group, and five treatment groups consisted of 0.10% extract, 0.25% extract, 0.50% extract, 0.75% extract and 1% extract). The sampling technical was a purposive sampling method. The larvae were put into 25 ml experimental liquid for 24 hours. The observation was counting a number of dead larvae in 24 hours. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA test continued with Least Significant Difference (LSD) using SPSS for Windows Release statistically with a significance level p<0.05 then continued with a probit analysis. There were 0 larva death at negative control, 23.8 (95%) larvae death at 0.10% extract concentration, 24.6 (98%) larvae death at 0.25% extract concentration, 25.0 (100%) larvae death at 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00% extract concentration. There was a significant difference in larvae death of A. aegypti in all groups. The LC50 of R. communis extract was 0.01036% (103.6 ppm), therefore it could be concluded that R. communis extract had a mortality effect to A. aegypti larvae.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BRUCEINE A ON THE LARVAE OF AEDES AEGYPTI LINNAEUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Dwi Sutiningsih ◽  
Mustofa Mustofa ◽  
Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto ◽  
Edhi Martono
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Brucea Javanica ◽  
Gastrointestinal Damage

Objective: This study aimed to determine a target of action of bruceine A on the basis of its morphological and histological effects on the larvae of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus.Methods: Bruceine A was isolated from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. seeds in accordance with the Mangungsong method. Larvae of A. Aegypti (L.) in instar III to the beginning of instar IV were treated with various concentrations of bruceine A. The negative control group did not receive any treatment, whereas the positive control group received 1 ppm temefos. Dead larvae were collected after 24 h of treatment for the examination of morphological and histological changes.Results: The negative control group did not exhibit any morphological and histological changes. Larvae treated with bruceine A, however, had visible damaged heads, cuticles, digestive and respiration tracts, respiratory siphons, and setae, and they were smaller than normal larvae. Larvae treated with temefos exhibited gastrointestinal damage, narrowed breathing tubes, cuticle damage, and detached/damaged seta feathers. The necrosis of gastrointestinal epithelial cells was the major histological change exhibited by larvae treated with various concentrations of bruceine A or 1 ppm temefos.Conclusion: The targets of action of bruceine A in A. aegypti (L.) larvae are the head/caput, cuticle, setae, siphon, and gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts.

scholarly journals HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF WHITE RATS LIVER AFTER GIVING ANT NEST EXTRACT DUE TO INDUCED PARACETAMOL TOXIC DOSE

2019 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
I Made Merdana ◽  
I Made Kardena ◽  
Ketut Budiasa ◽  
I Made Dodi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ant Nest ◽  
Histopathologic Changes

This study aim was to determine the influence ant nest plant extract (Myrmecodia pendans) on histopathological changeof white rat liver (Rattus novergicus) due to induced with paracetamol toxic dose. This study used 24 male white rats, divided into four groups, negative control group (P0) given placebo, positive control group (P1) given paracetamol dose 250 mg / kg bw for 10 days, P2 given ant nest extract 250 mg / kg bw and paracetamol dose 250 mg / kg bw for 10 days, P3 given ants nest extract 250 mg / kg bw for seven days, then continued by giving paracetamol and ants nest extract with dose 250 mg / kg bw for ten days. After the treatment done, all the rats were dinecropsed. Liver organs were taken and processed for making histopathology preparations. Parameters examined included hemorrhage, congestion, degeneration and necrosis. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by using Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test. Mann Whitney test results for all categories of histopathologic changes in  hemorrhagic, congestion, degeneration, and necrosis between negative control group (P0) and positive control group (P1) were significantly different (P <0.05), between negative control (P0) with P2 and P3 there was no significant difference (P> 0,05). Afterward, between the positive control (P1) and P2 with P3 there was a significant difference (P <0.05). I can be concludedthat the administration of paracetamol dose 250 mg/kg bw for 10 days affects the histopathologic changes of white rat liver. The administration of ant nest plant extracts can reduce the side effects of toxic doses of paracetamol.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kitosan Terhadap Jumlah Osteoklas dan Osteoblas Pada Tikus Galur Wistar Model Menopause

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

Chitosan is one of the most abundant and dispersed polymers in nature. It has a rapid healing effect for tissues and has an effect on bone remodeling. The purpose of this study was to prove that giving chitosan influenced the decrease of osteoclast number and increasing number of osteoblasts in female mice of wistar strain of ovariectomy menopause model.This study used a posttest only control group design. The total sample of 30 rats divided into three groups was randomized, osteoporosis was made with the menopausal model which was performed ovariectomy in the positive control group and the treatment group then in the treatment group was given chitosan extract of single dose of 45 mg / day via Nasogastric Tube (NGT). K1 was a negative control group (without ovariectomy and without chitosan), K2 was a positive control group (with no chitosan ovariectomy), K3 was the treatment group (ovariectomy and chitosan 45 mg / day).The results showed significant differences in the number of osteoblasts between K1 and K3, K2 with K3, and no significant differences were found in the K1 group with K2. While the number of osteoclasts showed that there were significant differences in K1 group with K2 and no significant difference was found in K1 group with K3, K2 with K3.Conclusions in this study showed that 45 mg / day of chitosan doses could significantly increase osteoblast counts in menopause female white rats and decrease the number of osteoclasts performed by ovariectomy with chitosan administration.

scholarly journals The Effect of Tempeh Gembus Variations to Serum Levels of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and Serum Levels of Fibrinogen of Sprague Dawley Rats with Aterogenic Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partika Kharunia Dewi ◽  
Diana Nur Afifah ◽  
Ninik Rustanti ◽  
Mohammad Sulchan ◽  
Gemala Anjani
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and aims: Cardiovascular diseases are widespread and causes many deaths in the world. The concentration of acute phase protein: C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen will rise dramatically when inflammation happens, which that can be used as an early marker of cardiovascular disease risk. Tempeh gembus contains fiber, unsaturated fatty acids and isoflavones are believed to reduce the inflammatory reaction. The aim of the study was to determinate the effect of tempeh gembus variations to levels of hcCRP and levels of fibrinogen of Sprague Dawley rats with atherogenic diet. Material and methods: This study was quasi-experimental with posttest only randomized control group design using 35 Sprague Dawley mice. The rats were randomized into 5 groups: negative control group given the standard diet, the positive control group given standard diet and atherogenic diet, and three treatment groups were given the standard diet, atherogenic diet and variation of tempeh gembus (tempeh gembus, heated tempeh gembus and tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme) for 28 days. Serum levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen examined using ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay). Results and conclusions: The administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme is the most effective treatment for hsCRP serum level indicated a significant difference (p=0.028) between the negative control group, positive control group and first group with the third group. Fibrinogen serum levels showed significant differences in all treatment groups (p =0.042), administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme is the most effective treatment is shown by a significant difference between the negative control group and the positive control group with third group. The administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme for 28 days can reduce the serum levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen on rats significantly.

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