Effect of aqueous extract of Thymus serpyllum on lipid profile and some liver enzymes in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Thymus serpyllum on lipid profile and some liver enzymes level in the diabetic rabbit. Rabbits were made diabetic with a single intravenous injection of alloxan and were divided into groups. Group 1 and 2 served as normal and diabetic control, respectively. Group 3 and 4 were given standard drugs glibenclamide and acarbose respectively while Group 5 was treated with 500 mg/kg of extract for 30 days. Blood samples were taken on day 0 and 30. The extract significantly reduced the level of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDLs, VLDLs, alkaline phosphatase and transaminases without affecting the HDLs level. Total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio was significantly reduced as compared to diabetic control. It is conceivable that T. serpyllum possesses antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective effects in diabetic rabbit.

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Is There Any Association Between Uric Acid to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Erectile Dysfunction?

Grand Journal of Urology ◽

10.5222/gju.2021.00719 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dilay Karabulut ◽

Mustafa Gürkan Yenice

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Density ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Group 3

Objective: Elevated uric acid (UA) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been considered an early marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the uric acid/ HDL ratio (UHR) as a nowel marker in patients with ED. Materials and Methods: The study included 147 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range 32-76 years). Retrospective analyses were performed on the patients who were admitted to urology outpatient clinics. The laboratory parameter results were retrieved from the hospital medical records, and the UHR value was calculated. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score. UHR was compared between groups, and its predictive value was evaluated using regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results: Age was found to be significantly different in all three groups (Groups 1-2, p=0.001; Groups 1-3, p=0.000; Groups 2-3, p=0.001). It was observed that the degree of ED increased with age. The values of UA and HDL were similar in all groups (p>0.05). In contrast, the UHR value was statistically significantly higher 0.15 (0.083-0.288, p =0.047) in the moderate-severe ED (Group 3). ROC curve analyses revealed that UHR predicted severe ED (IIEF 5-11) with 42.9% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity (AUC:0.66, CI 95% 0.538-0.781, p=0.019). Conclusion: UHR may serve as a severe ED indicator in patients admitted to the cardiology outpatient clinic since it has a significant association with a low IIEF score.

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The correlation between lifestyle and lipid profile

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns0602057m ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 59 (1-2) ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

Bosa Mirjanic-Azaric ◽

Mirjana Djeric ◽

Maja Vrhovac ◽

Dusanka Sukalo

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Lifestyle Habits ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Insufficient Physical Activity ◽

The Mean

Introduction. The aim of this study was to estimate if negative lifestyle habits such as alcohol consumption, smoking and physical inactivity affect the lipid profile values. Material and methods. The study included 250 workers on regular examination in the Gradiska Health Center in the period from 2001 to 2002. There were 113 (45.2%) men and 137 (54.8%) women. The examinees were divided into three groups according age (25-39, 40-49 and 50-60 respectively). Standard laboratory methods were used to establish the following: total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol, atherosclerosis index (AI) and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol. Results Using a questionnaire, we have found out that out of 250 examinees 48.80% consume alcohol regularly, 50.80% are smokers and 36% are physically. The mean total cholesterol was high in all groups and it was 6.41 mmol/l. The mean triglyceride level was 1.88 mmol/l and mean HDL cholesterol was 1.48 mmol/l, I A was 2.99 and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was 4.69. Statistical analysis showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between triglyceride values and alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity (p<0.05). Also, we showed that there was a statistically high relationship between HDL cholesterol values, AJ, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and smoking in the examined groups (p<0.01). Discussion In our study the lipid profile parameters were above the desired levels, probably due to unhealthy lifestyle, including smoking, alcohol consumption and insufficient physical activity. Our results are in concordance with the results of similar studies. Conclusion It is of utmost importance to take steps to improve lifestyle habits of our population.

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Antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic properties of Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (Dioscoreales: Dioscoreaceae) tuber’s aqueous extracts in the rats

Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.21472/bjbs.040708 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 67-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Doubla Sali Aissatou ◽

Josiane Thérèse Ngatchic Metsagang ◽

Celestin Dongmo Sokeng ◽

Nicolas Yanou Njintang

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

High Fat

Tubers of Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (Dioscoreales: Dioscoreaceae) play an important role in food substitution during the periods of food shortage in occidental and central Africa. It is also used in traditional medicine for the treatment of the diarrhea, dysentery, stomach evil, viral hepatitis and the infection of guinea worn. This study attempted to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic properties of aqueous extracts of the tubers of T. leontopetaloides in rats. For this experimentation, two tests were done: antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic tests. Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats with High Fat Diet containing 300 g of egg yolk, 2 g of cholesterol, 250 g of coconut oil and 50 g of soya oil. The group of rats on which the antihyperlipidemic test was done was fed with High Fat Diet and supplemented with T. leontopetaloides aqueous extract at 27.34 mg/kg, and 54.68 mg/kg; after 21 days of experimentation, the different groups of rats were sacrificed. The lipid profile and some biochemical parameters were evaluated. Organs like kidneys, liver and stomach were taken for histopathological evaluation. For the hypolipidemic test, after three weeks of induction of hyperlipidemia, the diet was changed to normal diet and aqueous extract of tubers was given to rats during 21 days at doses of 3.41 mg/kg and 13.67 mg/kg. The animals were sacrificed after 21 days of experimentation. The lipid profile, some biochemical parameters and histopathology of organs were evaluated. The antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic tests of aqueous extract of the tubers of T. leontopetaloides induced reduction in total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and an increase in HDL-cholesterol significantly (p < 0.05); decreasing activities of ALAT and ASAT enzymes, levels of creatinin remained no changed. Histopathological study revealed that extracts did not repair the destructions of liver cells and glomerules of kidneys caused by High Fat Diet. Aqueous extract of tubers of T. leontopetaloides exhibits antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic activities; hence it could be important in the management of cardiovascular diseases.

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EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA PANICULATA BARK IN RATS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽

10.53879/id.58.10.12301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (10) ◽

pp. 56-59

Author(s):

Meena K. Kamalkishore ◽

Balaji Ommurugan ◽

Bhanu P. Singh ◽

Mohanbabu V. Amberkar ◽

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Latency Time ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Group I ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 5 ◽

Terminalia Paniculata

This study was conducted to determine the analgesic activity of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata (Tp) bark. Analgesic activity was determined using hot plate and tail flick method. Thirty adult Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 rats each. Group I (control) received 2 mL water, Group II -codeine 5 mg kg-1, Group III, IV and V 100, 200 and 400 mg kg-1 of Tp, respectively. Latency time to pain sensation was noted. In hot plate model, group 5 showed significant increase in reaction time compared to groups 3 and 4 at all-time points and was comparable to standard codeine at 120th and 180th min. In tail flick method, standard codeine showed significant increased latency time compared to all three doses of Tp at 90th, 120th and 180th min. Group 5 showed significant increased reaction time compared to groups 3 and 4 from 60th min to 180th min. Group 4 showed increased analgesic activity compared to group 3 at 90th, 120th and 180th min but group 3 was significantly better at 30th min. Thus T. paniculata possesses analgesic potential.

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Deranged Serum Fasting Lipid Profile in Children and Adolescent with Thalassemia Major

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v124.21.4899.4899 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 124 (21) ◽

pp. 4899-4899 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sadia Sultan ◽

Syed Mohammed Irfan ◽

Rozina Zeeshan

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Total Lipid ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

The Mean

Abstract Introduction: Serum fasting lipid profile has been studied in various clinical spectrum of β-thalassemia syndrome. Premature cardiac impairment in thalassemia major (TM) appears primarily due to iron accumulation and oxidative injury; however it might be a sequel of abnormal lipoprotein concentrations. Recent studies revealed impaired lipid profile and atherosclerosis in TM as an emerging complication in patients with prolonged survival. As these children are at risk of premature atherosclerosis, sub clinical atherosclerosis probably begins early in their life might evolve into coronary heart diseases in later life. The rational of this prospective cross sectional study is to analyze the serum fasting lipid profile in cardiovascular disease free thalassemia major patients and to establish any correlation with age, gender, hematological parameters, liver enzymes and serum ferritin. Method: The study group comprises of thirty six patients with β-thalassemia major, who were enrolled from March 2012 to March 2014. Fasting blood lipid levels (total lipid, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL-cholesterol), liver function test and serum ferritin were measured in all study participants on Hitachi 912 through photometric assay (for lipid profile and liver function test) and by immunoturbidity methodology for serumferritin. Hematological parameters were determined by Cell Dyne Ruby (Abbot, Architect, USA). Patients were stratified in two groups, age ≤ 15 years and >15 years, to determine the possible lipid profile distinction in relation to increasing age. Results: Of the 36 patients, 17 were males (15.5±5.9 years) and 19 were females (10.1±4.5 years) with the mean age of 12.69±5.85 (range 5-24) years. Mean hemoglobin was 7.4±1.9gm/dl with the hematocrit of 23.1±5.7% while serum ferritin was markedly elevated 4699.7±3089ng/ml. The mean total lipid, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were 494.7 ± 114.5, 90.3 ±23.9 and 150.5±95.1 mg/dl respectively. High triglycerides were detected in 36.1%. While HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were markedly low 17.7±9.2 and 42.3±22.0 mg/dl respectively. The mean total cholesterol to HDL ratio was significantly elevated, 6.21± 3.06 (normal <5.0). In addition, total-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratios were increased irrespective of gender, that is 6.0±2.0 and 6.4± 3.8 in males and females respectively (P=0.6). Data analysis revealed that 22.2% females and 13.8% males had high triglyceride levels (P=0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted in two stratified age groups in respect to lipid profile (table-1). We established positive correlation of elevated total bilirubin with cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol (P<0.05). Cholesterol ratio was also significantly high in patients with hemoglobin > 8gm/dl (P<0.05). Low HDL cholesterol was correlated positively with LDL cholesterol levels. While no significant correlation of serum lipid could be established with age, gender, high ferritins and with liver enzymes. Conclusion: Our study revealed that lipid profile impairment is not unusual in β-thalassemia major patients irrespective of age. Considerable deficiency of high density cholesterol and significantly high total-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio may strongly be associated with occurrence of coronary heart disease in later life. We propose that lipid profile should be regularly done in these patients particularly those with hemoglobin > 8gm/dl and high total bilirubin levels. Whilst total to HDL ratio, underlines as a significant diagnostic marker for future cardiac events in these patients. Keywords: β-thalassemia major, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. Table 1: Comparative analysis of serum lipid profile in relation to age Parameters Age ≤15 years n= 24 Age >15 years n= 12 P- value Total lipid 515.7± 121.1 452.9 ±90.6 0.1 * Cholesterol 95.0±17.6 80.9±32.1 0.09 * Serum triglyceride 168.1 ± 109.7 115.2± 40.1 0.1 * HDL cholesterol 19.4±10.2 14.4± 5.9 0.1 * LDL cholesterol 43.1±19.9 40.9±26.6 0.7 * Cholesterol ratio 6.3± 3.4 6.0 ±2.1 0.8 * *Not significant Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Effect of antiepileptic drugs on various lipid fractions and certain liver enzymes in epileptic patients of Punjab origin

Biomedicine ◽

10.51248/.v39i2.188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 244-251

Author(s):

Singh Kuldip ◽

Kaur Harleen ◽

Singh Pashaura

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Antiepileptic Drugs ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Maximum Increase ◽

Vldl Cholesterol ◽

Epileptic Patients

Introduction and Aim: Epilepsy requires lifelong therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) &having medical and psychological consequence. Present study was conducted to observe the effect of different AEDs on lipid profile and certain liver enzymes on epileptic patients. Material and Methods: 50 epileptic patients receiving AEDs for minimum 1 year were recruited as study group and 50 healthy subjects considered as control group. These subjects were recruited from general community of Punjab. Fasting blood samples were drawn from patients and healthy subjects for the evaluation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT & ALP. Results: Significant increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL- cholesterol was observed in epileptic patients while no significant change was recorded in HDL- cholesterol. Maximum increase in total cholesterol, TGs, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL- cholesterol levels was observed in phenytoin treated patients with reference tovalproic acid, carbamazepine, levetiracetam treated patients. Levels of AST, ALT and ALP were significantly increased in epileptic patients. Maximum increase in AST & ALT was observed in levetiracetam treated epileptic patients and maximum rise in ALP levels was found in carbamazepine treated patients with reference to other AEDs treated patients. Conclusion: Aforementioned observations suggested that epileptic patients treated with phenytoin, valproic acid, carbamazepine & levetiracetam for long time could cause dyslipidemia, might be responsible for various CHD’s and hepatotoxicity in epileptic patients. Routine screening of lipid profile and hepatic enzymes during chronic use of AEDs is recommended.

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Skipping Breakfast Is Associated with an Atherogenic Lipid Profile in Overweight and Obese Prepubertal Children

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2020/1849274 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

A. Blasetti ◽

S. Franchini ◽

V. Castorani ◽

L. Comegna ◽

E. Fornari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Obese Children ◽

Prepubertal Children ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Skipping Breakfast

Background. Skipping breakfast has been associated with a higher risk of obesity and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. However, it is not known if skipping breakfast is also correlated with CV risk factors independently from obesity. The mechanisms explaining the role of skipping breakfast on promoting fat accumulation as well as CV risk are not known. Hormones, in particular, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), may potentially play a role in the metabolic profile of breakfast skippers. Aim. This cross-sectional study aims to test, in a sample of overweight/obese children, the hypotheses that skipping breakfast is associated with a worse metabolic profile and that IGF-1 levels are associated with this unfavorable metabolic profile. Methods and Results. We enrolled 112 overweight/obese prepubertal children (3–12 years). Anthropometric characteristics (height SDS, weight SDS, and body mass index (BMI) z-score) were measured. Blood samples were collected to evaluate glucose and lipid metabolisms and hormone profile (growth hormone (GH), IGF-1, insulin, and cortisol). The triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio was calculated as a predictor of cardiovascular risk. Children were divided into two groups according to breakfast habits: consumers (≥5 weekly; N = 76) and skippers (≤4 weekly; N = 36). Glycaemia, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (p<0.05), and triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio (p<0.001) were higher, while HDL cholesterol was lower (p<0.01) in skippers as compared to consumers. IGF-1 concentrations were inversely correlated with LDL cholesterol (r = −0.279, p=0.013) and directly correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.226, p=0.047). IGF-1 correlated positively with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.266, p=0.045) in consumers and correlated negatively with LDL cholesterol (r = −0.442, p=0.024) in skippers. Breakfast consumption among prepubertal overweight/obese children showed a better lipid profile in comparison with those who skipped breakfast [OR: 0.165 (95% CI: 0.053–0.518), p=0.001]; these latter odds of the increased triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio was 6.1-fold higher. Conclusions. Breakfast skippers show a worse lipid profile when compared to breakfast consumers. IGF-1 might play a role as an independent modulator of lipid metabolism.

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Antihypertensive Activity of Leersia hexandra Sw. (Poaceae) Aqueous Extract on Ethanol-Induced Hypertension in Wistar Rat

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/2897867 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Danielle Claude Bilanda ◽

Yannick Carlos Tcheutchoua ◽

Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet ◽

Daniel Lauré Dongmo Fokou ◽

Yannick Bekono Fouda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Antihypertensive Activity ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Leersia Hexandra

Leersia hexandra (L. hexandra) is used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases including hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the curative effects of the aqueous extract of L. hexandra on hypertension. Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of ethanol (5 g/kg/day) for five weeks. The animals were divided into 2 groups: one group of 5 rats receiving distilled water (10 mL/kg) and another group of 20 rats receiving ethanol. At the end of the 5 weeks of administration of ethanol, the animals were divided into 4 groups of 5 rats each: one group of hypertensive rats receiving distilled water (10 mL/kg), another one receiving nifedipine (10 mg/kg), and two groups of hypertensive rats receiving L. hexandra at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The results showed that ethanol induced a significant increase in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate of normotensive rats. The administration of the extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) or nifedipine caused a significant decrease of MAP compared to hypertensive rats. Ethanol induced a significant increase of lipid profile, the atherogenic index, creatinine, and transaminase activities. Ethanol also induced a significant decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol and antioxidant markers evaluated. Treatment of hypertensive rats with L. hexandra or nifedipine significantly improved lipid profile, hepatic and renal functions, and antioxidant status. The curative effect of L. hexandra extract on hypertension is probably related to its antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant activities, which justifies its empirical use in the treatment of hypertension.

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Reliability of Friedewald formula in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relation to lipid profile in diabetes regulation

Revista Romana de Medicina de Laborator ◽

10.2478/rrlm-2021-0007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 179-187

Author(s):

Didem Barlak Keti ◽

Sabahattin Muhtaroglu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Direct Measurement ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Friedewald Formula

Abstract Introduction: Many laboratories utilize Friedewald formula (FF) to analyze LDL cholesterol levels of patients including diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, it is essential to consider the coherence of results acquired by FF and direct measurement. The number of studies that investigated the effect of lipid parameters, especially TG/HDL cholesterol ratio, on the difference between the two methods is limited. The study was designed to compare LDL cholesterol values obtained by using FF with direct measurement, and to evaluate the relationship between diabetes regulation and lipid profile. Material and Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 529 type 2 DM patients and 1703 non-DM subjects were divided into four groups regarding TG concentrations. Unlike other studies, the study focuses on direct LDL (DLDL) cholesterol levels obtained with the help of different DLDL cholesterol kits (n=20). The correlations were implemented between HbA1c and lipid profiles. Results: It was determined that the bias% was over 10% in 24% of patients with 100-199 mg/dL TG levels. The parameter revealed that the most significant difference and the strongest correlation with HbA1c was TG/HDL cholesterol ratio in patients with type 2 DM. Conclusions: In patients with type 2 DM, even if it was TG <200 mg/dL, LDL calculated with FF should be evaluated together with the TG/HDL cholesterol ratio. Otherwise, direct measurement can be recommended. This ratio is related to diabetes regulation and may be used to monitor patients..

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Evaluation of Anti-diabetic, Hepatoprotective and Antilipidemic Potentials of Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) on Albino Rats

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jocamr/2020/v11i130178 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 38-50

Author(s):

Joshua F. Sammy ◽

Davies G. Tamuno- Emine ◽

Edna O. Nwachuku

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Dose ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Positive Control ◽

Diabetic Group ◽

Positive Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Group 5

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic, hepatorenoprotective and antilipidemic potentials of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) in albino rats. Study Design: This study is a non-randomized experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, between September, 2019 and December, 2019. Methodology: Thirty-five male Wister rats with weight between 145 to 150 g were randomly selected into seven groups of five rats each. The first group served as Negative control (group 1). The second group was the positive control (Diabetic group). The remaining five groups being the treatment groups (3-7). Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally with 65 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) single dose. Group 3 Diabetic group treated with metformin (100 mg/kg); Group 4 Diabetic group treated with low dose clove (250 mg/kg). Group 5 Diabetic group treated with low dose clove and metformin; Group 6 Diabetic group treated with high dose clove (750 mg/kg), while Group 7 were Diabetic group treated with high dose clove (750 mg/kg) and metformin for six weeks. Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture in appropriate EDTA, heparinized and sterile bottles for standard laboratory investigations of lipid profile, glucose, liver enzymes, urea and creatinine. Plasma lipid profile, liver enzymes, urea and creatinine were determined using enzymatic end point method under standard operating procedures. Statistical analysis was done using Graph Pad Prism Version 5.03 and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Results revealed that the STZ-induced diabetic group exhibited highly significant increase in activity of liver enzymes AST, ALT and ALP, increase in the levels of urea, creatinine, glucose and most lipid profile parameters as compared to the negative control group (p<0.001). Histopathological examination of liver and kidney tissues of diabetic rats indicated slight changes. However, their changes were overcame by clove treatment and the majority of the cells tend to be normal. Low dose clove group 5 (250 mg/kg) with metformin decreased the levels of the analytes most when compared to the levels of the positive control group. For glucose, group 5 gave a mean glucose level of 4.40 ± 1.08 mmo/l, significantly lower than the positive control group 39.67 ± 0.67, ALT group 5 gave a mean ALT level of 56.00 ± 7.11, which was significantly lower than the positive control group 205.70 ± 14.79, for urea group 5 gave a mean urea level of 4.25 ± 0.77 which was significantly lower the control group 23.80 ± 3.56 at p < 0.001, thereby yielding a better treatment result. Conclusion: In conclusion, low dose clove supplementation with metformin could be excellent adjuvant support in the therapy of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

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