scholarly journals Affective state of ethnic community as related to gender and marital status

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Abu Yusuf Mahmud ◽  
AKM Rezaul Karim ◽  
SH Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Positive And Negative Affects

The study was aimed at understanding the affective state of Bangladeshi ethnic community in relation to gender and marital status. Towards this end, positive and negative affects of 103 adult indigenous persons were measured. Analysis of data in multiple regressions demonstrated that both gender and marital status are significantly associated with positive affect (Gender: β = 0.318, p < 0.001; Marital status: β = 0.201, p < 0.05) but not with negative affect. Results indicated that the indigenous males have 0.32 standard deviations increased positive affect as compared to the indigenous females and that married individuals have 0.20 standard deviations increased positive affect as compared to their unmarried counterparts. Along with previous studies the present study advances the understanding that gender and marital status inequalities in affect are not specific to a particular community; rather it is a generalized picture of all societies. In general, men possess more positive affect than females; married persons possess more positive affect than the unmarried persons. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 22(2): 155-161, 2013 (July)

scholarly journals Sleep Quality and Self-Control: The Mediating Roles of Positive and Negative Affects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinru Liu ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Conghui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive And Negative Affects

This study examined the mediating roles of both positive and negative affects in the relationship between sleep quality and self-control. A sample of 1,507 Chinese adults (37% men; mean age = 32.5 years) completed self-report questionnaires measuring sleep quality, positive and negative emotions, and self-control. Poor sleep quality was positively correlated with negative affect and negatively correlated with positive affect and self-control. Positive affect was positively correlated with self-control, while negative affect was negatively correlated with self-control. Both positive and negative affects significantly mediated the relationship between sleep quality and self-control. Improving individuals’ sleep qualities may lead to more positive emotions and less negative emotion, and these mood changes may increase resources for self-control. Regulating positive and negative affects may reduce the negative effects of poor sleep quality on self-control.

Joint effects of creative self-efficacy, positive and negative affect on creative performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas G. Thundiyil ◽  
Dan S. Chiaburu ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Dave T. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Creative Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
Positive And Negative Affects

Purpose The purpose of this study is to test a model connecting Chinese employees’ positive and negative affect and creative self-efficacy with supervisor-rated creative performance in Chinese business. Building on the cognitive tuning theory, this paper answers several calls for research to examine the joint effects of positive and negative affects on creative performance in the China business environment. Design/methodology/approach The participants were drawn from one of the largest petrochemical companies in China. We drew 459 leader-subordinate dyads across different jobs situated in multiple divisions to complete our surveys. The authors used hierarchical linear modeling to test the hypotheses. Findings The findings suggest that creative self-efficacy has a positive influence on creative performance during low PA scenarios. The authors also demonstrated that for employees in China, creative self-efficacy has a positive influence on creativity when employees experience both low levels of positive affect and high levels of negative affect. Originality/value As the findings suggest, Chinese employees who experience positive affect may engage in heuristic, top-down cognitive processes. Furthermore, findings from the present study also serve to extend the scope of the cognitive tuning model by testing the informational roles of positive and negative affects in self-regulatory processes rather than focusing directly on the main effects of employee affect. An important finding in this study is the three-way interaction indicating that individuals experiencing low positive affect and high negative affect will see a strong connection between creative self-efficacy and creative performance.

scholarly journals Role of Personality and Positive and Negative Affects in Coping Strategies of Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
África Martos Martínez ◽  
María del Mar Molero Jurado ◽  
María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes ◽  
Ana Belén Barragán Martín ◽  
María del Mar Simón Márquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Positive And Negative Affects

Nurses are exposed to many highly stressful events. Individual variables, such as personality and affective state, have been related to vulnerability to maladaptive coping. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze the relationships between the personality, positive and negative affects, and coping strategies of nurses and to establish the mediating role of affective state in the relationship between personality and coping. The sample was made up of 1,268 Spanish nurses aged 22–63 years who completed the Coping Strategies Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the 10-item Big Five Inventory. Descriptive analyses, correlations, and mediation models were estimated. The results showed relationships between the Big Five personality factors, positive and negative affects, and coping strategies. Negative affect was confirmed as a mediator between personality and less adaptive strategies and positive affect was confirmed on positive strategies. This study emphasizes the need to develop actions directed at teaching nurses adequate problem-solving strategies and training them in the ability to assign a different emotional value to complex situations.

Neuroticism, alexithymia, negative affect and positive affect as predictors of medically unexplained symptoms in primary care

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. De Gucht
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Medically Unexplained Symptoms ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Medically Unexplained ◽  
Unexplained Symptoms

Background:Somatization has been defined in a number of ways. Despite their differences, these definitions have one element in common, namely the presence of somatic symptoms that cannot be explained (adequately) by organic findings.Objective:The primary objectives of the dissertation were to gain a better insight into the concept of somatization, and to study (prospectively) the relationship between neuroticism and alexithymia, two personality traits that have been shown to be related to somatization, the affective state dimensions positive and negative affect (or psychological distress) and medically unexplained symptoms.Method:A selective review was conducted regarding conceptual and methodological issues related to somatization. A total number of 318 patients, presenting to their primary care physician with medically unexplained symptoms, participated in the prospective study. Both at baseline and at 6-month follow-up a number of measures were filled out with respect to somatization, neuroticism, alexithymia, negative and positive affect, anxiety and depression.Results:The concept of somatization was clarified, thereby making use of the distinction between presenting and functional somatization. The personality traits neuroticism and alexithymia were found to have an indirect influence on symptom reports. Both the cross-sectional and follow-up data pointed to the importance of positive and negative affect as determinants of (changes in) number of symptoms (over time). Negative affect, together with the alexithymia dimension measuring difficulty identifying feelings, predicted symptom persistence.Conclusions:The theoretical as well as therapeutic implications of the present paper may give an impetus to new research in the domain of somatization.

scholarly journals Does Affect Influence Coping Styles among People from North India During the Pandemic? Implications for Psychological Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Verma ◽  
Meetu Khosla ◽  
Garima Goel
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
North India ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
Males And Females

Does affect influence coping styles among people from North India during the COVID pandemic? This study investigates how affective state influences the coping styles of people from North India and to examine its impact on psychological well-being. Coping styles, PA, negative affect, and psychological well-being of the sample (n=220; 105 males (46%) and 115 females (53.5%)) (Mean Age= 30.75) (SD= 15.36 years) were analysed during the pandemic. Coping styles were assessed using the Coping Scale (Hamby, Grych, &amp; Banyard, 2013), psychological well-being was assessed using the Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-Being (Ryff and Keyes, 1995) and affect was evaluated using The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark, &amp; Tellengen, 1988). The findings revealed that coping was positively related to psychological well-being but negatively related to Negative Affect (NA). Positive Affect (PA) was positively related to psychological well-being but negatively related to coping. Additionally, significant differences were seen in the PA and negative affect of males and females. Implications of psychological well-being are further discussed.

A Predictive Model of Spiritual Well-Being Based on Belief in a Just World Mediated by the Positive and Negative Affects in University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Zamani Amir ◽  
Hayedeh Saberi ◽  
Simin Bashardoust
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
University Students ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Just World ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affects

Background: Spiritual well-being is crucial in human health and reduces anxiety and depression. Therefore, identifying its underlying variables can improve individuals’ health. Objectives: This study aimed to predict a model of spiritual well-being based on belief in a just world mediated by positive and negative effects in university students of Tehran. Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study performed through path analysis. The statistical population consisted of students studying at different universities of Tehran during 2020 - 2021. The research sample comprised 301 university students (199 female and 102 male). The participants completed the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, Belief in a Just World Scale, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The model was evaluated using path analysis in AMOS 24.0. Results: The results showed that the path coefficient between positive affect and spiritual well-being was positive and significant, and the path coefficient between negative affect and spiritual well-being was negative and significant (P < 0.001). The total path coefficient between the belief in a just world (BJW) and spiritual well-being was positive and significant, and the path coefficient between the belief in an unjust world (BUW) and spiritual well-being was negative and significant (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive indirect path coefficient between BJW and spiritual well-being (P < 0.001). Accordingly, the positive and negative affects played positive mediating roles between BJW and spiritual well-being. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that BJW, positive effects, and strengthening them can enhance the level of spiritual well-being and reduce the students’ negative effect, anxiety, and depression levels.

scholarly journals Empirical validation of the integrative psychological group intervention for women with breast cancer - preliminary results

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Novakov ◽  
Svetlana Popovic-Petrovic ◽  
Tihomir Dugandzija ◽  
Milanka Tatic
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
T Test ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

Background/Aim. Breast cancer diagnosis is an extremely stressful life event that brings a number of physical and psychological challenges. However, supportive and psychoeducational group interventions can significantly decrease psychological distress in patients. The aim of this study was to empirically validate the effects of the integrative psychological group intervention, regarding the affective state of women who underwent breast cancer surgery at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina. Methods. This study was conducted on a sample of 30 women, with the average age of 53.17 years (standard deviation ? SD = 10.09). Following the surgical intervention, the inpatients participated in an integrative group session consisting of the following parts: 1) supportive-expressive, 2) psycho-educational and 3) healtheducational. Before the session, participants filled in a demographic data questionnaire, measures of positive and negative affect (PANAS), optimism (LOT-R), hope (AHS), neuroticism (BFI) and symptoms of depression (DASS-21). At the end of the group sessions, the participants filled in the PANAS again. Results. A paired-samples t-test showed that following an intervention, a statistically significant increase in positive affect had occurred (t(29) = -4.44, p < 0.001). For negative affect, the t-test also yields the statistically significant results (t(29) = 5.60, p < 0.001), showing that intervention led to a significant decrease in negative affect. The nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test also confirmed these results. The multiple regression analysis (F (4, 25) = 3.46, p = 0.02) showed that high neuroticism and low symptoms of depression significantly predicted a greater increase in positive affect following the session. Another regression analysis (F (4, 25) = 3.32, p = 0.03) showed that the higher symptoms of depression and, marginally, higher hope significantly predicted a greater decrease in negative affect. Conclusion. Our results showed that the integrative psychological group intervention had positive short-term effects regarding the affective state of women who underwent breast cancer surgery, and that different psychological variables can play a significant role in prediction of changes in patients? affect.

Affective Outcomes of Intramural Sport Participation

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Webb ◽  
Scott Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Affective Outcomes ◽  
Intramural Sport

Participation in collegiate intramural sports provides numerous, positive psychological benefits for its participants. Benefits of participation in intramural programs include improved happiness and subjective well-being which can be operationalized as one's positive affective state. The purpose of this study was to determine the affective outcomes (positive and negative affect) of intramural sport participation in a collegiate setting. Students at a Canadian university ( N = 315) completed a questionnaire immediately following their participation in an intramural sport. Overall, and across all demographic variables, participants reported significantly higher levels of positive affect than negative affect, even for all levels of task- or ego-orientation (low, medium, and high). A MANOVA revealed significant differences between the three levels of task-orientation on positive affect but not negative affect. These results are promising indicators of students' continued sport participation on campus and later in life as intramural sport participants report experiencing significantly more positive affect than negative affect.

scholarly journals Associations between Affect, Physical Activity, and Anxiety Among US Children During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin M. Alves ◽  
Alexandra G. Yunker ◽  
Alexis DeFendis ◽  
Anny H. Xiang ◽  
Kathleen A. Page
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Us Children

AbstractWe investigated how emotional responses (positive and negative affect), physical activity (PA), and sedentary behaviors related to anxiety among US children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sixty-four typically-developing children (63% girls) age 9-15 years old completed two virtual visits during height of “stay-at-home” measures between April 22 – July 29, 2020. Children completed 24-hour PA recalls, state portion of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and the shortened 10-item Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C). Children reported state anxiety scores that were more than 5 standard deviations greater than values from healthy pediatric populations prior to the pandemic. Children with higher positive affect and who reported more time in PA reported less state anxiety. Sedentary and leisure screen time were positively correlated with negative affect. Our findings suggest that maintaining positive affect, engaging in PA, and limiting leisure screen time may be important for child mental health during stressful periods.Statement of RelevanceThere is increasing concern regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic may impact the psychological and physical health of children. To date, studies on mental health during the pandemic in children are limited. We investigated links between activity levels and psychological outcomes in children during the height of the “stay-at-home” measures. We found that children had anxiety scores that were more than 5 standard deviations greater than normative values from healthy pediatric populations prior to the pandemic, and 94% of children exceeded the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations on leisure screen time. Positive affect and physical activity were associated with reduced anxiety levels in children during the pandemic. These findings highlight the important mental health benefits of maintaining positive affect, engaging in physical activity, and limiting leisure screen time for children, especially during stressful periods.

scholarly journals Chronic Fentanyl Self-Administration Generates a Shift toward Negative Affect in Rats during Drug Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064
Author(s):  
Angela N. Dao ◽  
Nicholas J. Beacher ◽  
Vivian Mayr ◽  
Annalisa Montemarano ◽  
Sam Hammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Long Access

Drug addiction is thought to be driven by negative reinforcement, and it is thought that a shift from positive affect upon initial exposure to negative affect after chronic exposure to a drug is responsible for maintaining self-administration (SA) in addicted individuals. This can be modeled in rats by analyzing ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), a type of intraspecies communication indicative of affective state based on the frequency of the emission: calls in the 22 kHz range indicate negative affect, whereas calls in the 50 kHz range indicate positive affect. We employed a voluntary chronic, long-access model of fentanyl SA to analyze affective changes in the response to chronic fentanyl exposure. Male Sprague-Dawley rats self-administered either fentanyl (N = 7) or saline (N = 6) for 30 consecutive days and USVs were recorded at four different time points: the day before first SA session (PRE), the first day of SA (T01), the last day of SA (T30), and the first day of abstinence (ABS). At T01, the ratio of 50 to 22 kHz calls was similar between the fentanyl and saline groups, but at T30, the ratio differed between groups, with the fentanyl group showing significantly fewer 50 kHz calls and more 22 kHz calls relative to saline animals. These results indicate a shift toward a negative affect during drug use after chronic exposure to fentanyl and support negative reinforcement as a main driving factor of opioid addiction.

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