scholarly journals The common oro-dental problems among patients attending Ohud dental care and implant center at Bogra, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
S Hoque ◽  
I Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference

A descriptive type of cross sectional study on exploring the common oro-dental problems among the patients attending outpatient department of Ohud Dental Care and implant center, Bogra was conducted during the period from May to July’ 2013. The objectives of this study were to identify the common oro-dental problems for assessing the level of knowledge regarding dental care practices among the respondents. A questionnaire based data were collected and the sample compares 414 respondents of all age groups. The highest percentage of the patients had complaints of periodontitis (73.9%) followed by gingivitis (64.3%), dental caries (40.6%), attrition (10.4%), mobility (5.8%), broken teeth (5.6%) and alveolar abscess (6.3%). Considering the pattern of inflammation, 425.5% had inflammatory or-dental problems and 56.6% had non-inflammatory oro-dental problems. On examination also revealed that 3 1.9% unhealthy gums, 3.9% had unhealthy tonsils, 10.3% had diseased tongue, 10.7% had diseases mucosa and 4.1% had apthus ulcer. The proportion of illiterate patients were higher among the inflammatory disease (16.7%) compared to non-inflammatory disease (9.8%), where as respondents having graduate level of education were higher among the non- inflammatory disease (30.8%) compared to inflammatory diseases (8.3%). There was significant association between the oro-dental problems and food habit (p>O.O5) except liking of sweet and habit of area nut and lime (p<O.05). This indicated that the proportion of non-inflammatory dental problems were higher among the patients habituate with sweet (82.5%) compared to inflammatory disease (72.2%). But the proportion of inflammatory disease was higher among the patients having habituated with chewing areca nut line (35.0%) than non- inflammatory disease (26.1%). Knowledge of causes of dental problems higher among the patients having non-inflammatory disease (62.0%) compared to inflammatory disease (46.7%) and the difference was statistically significant (p<O.001). Similarly, the proportion of visiting dental surgeon was significantly (p<0.001) higher among the patients having non-inflammatory disease (4.4%).International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(1) 15-20

scholarly journals Awareness of COVID-19 outbreak in local population of Maval taluka in Maharashtra, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2378
Author(s):  
Shilpa A. Pratinidhi ◽  
Anjum A. K. Sayyed ◽  
Mohak A. Tilokchandani ◽  
Sudnya V. Malode ◽  
Siddhi S. Bhalgat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Difference

Background: There is a growing fear and perceived threat about coronavirus among local population. The population, inclusive of all age groups is making use of available media such as internet, social media, newspapers and television to make themselves aware. There is no authenticity and information may be wrong. Since, corona has become major cause of concern, present study was carried out to bring the awareness and educate them about coronavirus among the local population.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on COVID-19 by using online Google based questionnaire in Maval area to assess the knowledge and awareness about corona virus among the 125 local participants. The questionnaire consisted of 10 validated peer reviewed questions covering various aspects of COVID-19 awareness were voluntarily filled by participants. Data was analysed in Microsoft Excel 2010.Results: Present findings revealed that 94% participants knew that COVID-19 is caused by the corona was first detected in Wuhan China and the first case of the same was reported in Kerala was known to 60% respondents. The virus remains on the surface of mobiles was known to 11% participants.76.8% participants apprised 2-14 days being the incubation period of the virus. Patients with two or more comorbidities can develop severe COVID-19 was known to 46.6% participants. Only 5% participants knew the difference between swine flu and corona virus. Nearly 89% participants knew soap is the best material for cleaning in the presence of dirt and about 51% participants knew the need of isolating persons with known COVID- 19 infection.Conclusions: Correct answers with scientific explanation were posted to the participants in the form of instantaneous feedback. Hence knowledge gained was increased by the participants. Their misconceptions were removed. More awareness can be brought & propagation of COVID-19 infection can be prevented even after lockdown period.

scholarly journals Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Ju ◽  
Shaosong Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qu ◽  
bibo liang ◽  
Qing-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve the question of whether it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism.METHODS: Patient data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University. From these data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. A total of 156 patients aged under 20 were identified and analyzed separately. RESULTS: P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20-39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0-19, 20-39, and 40-59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20-59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40-79. CONCLUSION: P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences.

scholarly journals Weight of the Human Thyroid Gland – A Postmortem Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
ASM Nurunnabi ◽  
A Alim ◽  
M Sabiha ◽  
B Manowara ◽  
K Monira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Context: A cross-sectional study was designed to find out the difference in weight of the thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and sex and to compare with previous local and foreign studies. Materials & Methods: The present study was performed on 60 post mortem human thyroid gland (39 of male and 21 of female) collected from unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including Group A (10-20 years), Group B (21-50 years) & Group C (>50 years) and the weight of the thyroid glands were measured and recorded. Results: The mean weight of the thyroid gland in male was 15.14 gm, 19.20 gm and 14.64 gm and in female was 16.02 gm, 19.03 gm and 14.67 gm in group A, B and C respectively. The mean weight of the thyroid gland was 15.48 gm in group A, 19.15 gm in group B and 14.65 gm in group C. There was no difference in mean weight of the thyroid gland between male and female. The difference in mean weight of the thyroid gland between group A & group B and group B & group C were found statistically significant. The weight of the gland was found to increase from early childhood and puberty up to 50 years of age and then decrease. Key words: Thyroid gland; Weight of thyroid gland. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v9i1.5230 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.09 No.1 Jan 2010 44-48

scholarly journals Assessing seropositivity for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Ahmedabad city of India: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e044101
Author(s):  
Om Prakash ◽  
Bhavin Solanki ◽  
Jay K Sheth ◽  
Bhavin Joshi ◽  
Mina Kadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
The Difference

ObjectivesTo study the percentage seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 to understand the pandemic status and predict the future situations in Ahmedabad.Study designCross-sectional study.SettingsField area of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation.ParticipantsMore than 30 000 individuals irrespective of their age, sex, acute/past COVID-19 infection participated in the serosurvey which covered all the 75 Urban Primary Health Centres (UPHCs) across 48 wards and 7 zones of the city. Study also involved healthcare workers (HCWs) from COVID-19/non-COVID-19 hospitals.InterventionsSeropositivity of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was measured as a mark of COVID-19 infection.Primary and secondary outcomesSeropositivity was used to calculate cumulative incidence. Correlation of seropositivity with available demographic detail was used for valid and precise assessment of the pandemic situation.ResultsFrom 30 054 samples, the results were available for 29 891 samples and the crude seropositivity is 17.61%. For all the various age groups, the seropositivity calculated between 15% and 20%. The difference in seropositivity for both the sex group is statistically not significant. The seropositivity is significantly lower (13.64%) for HCWs as compared with non-HCWs (18.71%). Seropositivity shows increasing trend with time. Zone with maximum initial cases has high positivity as compared with other zones. UPHCs with recent rise in cases are leading in seropositivity as compared with earlier and widely affected UPHCs.ConclusionsThe results of serosurveillance suggest that the population of Ahmedabad is still largely susceptible. People still need to follow preventive measures to protect themselves till an effective vaccine is available to the people at large. The data indicate the possibility of vanishing immunity over time and need further research to cross verify with scientific evidences.

scholarly journals Pelvic inflammatory disease and causative pathogens in older women in a medical center in eastern Taiwan: A retrospective cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257627
Author(s):  
Pei-Chen Chen ◽  
Pei-Chen Li ◽  
Dah-Ching Ding
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Younger Women

Objectives Most research into the management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is in younger women and focuses on sexually transmitted pathogens such as N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis. Non-sexually transmitted bacterial pathogens and PID in older women are rarely examined. The objective of this study is to explore cervical culture pathogens in women of different age groups in a medical center in eastern Taiwan. Methods We enrolled patients whose medical records were diagnosed with PID (ICD-9-CM 614.0 [N70.01–03], 614.1[N70.11–13], 614.9 [N73.5, N73.9]) at our hospital from October 2014 to March 2020. Patients were divided into three groups according to age: the age <25 years, age 25–44 years, and the ≥ 45 years group. Chi-square test, ANOVA and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. In subgroup analysis, endocervical pathogens were further stratified into vaginal, respiratory, enteric, skin, oral, and other. Results A total of 96 patients were included in the study. There were 31 patients in the age ≥ 45 years group, 52 patients in the age 25–44 years group, and 13 patients in the age <25 years group. Vagina and enteric pathogens were the most common pathogens among all groups. The isolated respiratory and other pathogens were more in the age ≥ 45 years group than in the other two groups. Prevotella bivia was more common in the age <25 years and 25–44 years groups. Conclusions This may be due to different pathogeneses of PID in the age ≥ 45 years patients. Our study can be used as a reference for antibiotic choice of non-sexually transmitted PID and to prevent long-term sequelae of PID.

scholarly journals Feedback to Receivers: Knowledge and Perception of Medical Students in a Public Sector Institute of a Developing Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Waqar Bhatti ◽  
Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi ◽  
Mehwish Kaneez ◽  
Javeria Awan ◽  
Rashid Naeem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Feedback Delivery

Background: The practice of effective feedback delivery in medical institutes of developing countries lags behind the modern principles of medical education. This demands the need to understand the students’ knowledge and perception regarding received feedback in the setting of a developing country. Aims: To assess the level of knowledge and perception of feedback among students. To find the correlation between knowledge and perception. To identify problematic areas in feedback delivery and provide recommendations for rectification. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Rawalpindi Medical University Pakistan, in which 480 medical students from 2nd till 5th-year MBBS were evaluated regarding their knowledge and perception about feedback using structured questionnaires. Results: The students had a good level of knowledge regarding The concept of feedback. However, they had a negative perception of the feedback given to them by their teachers. There was no correlation between mean knowledge and perception scores (r=-0.05, p = 0.272). There was a significant difference between knowledge (p=0.0004) and perception (p=0.02) scores across gender. The difference in mean knowledge scores across academic years was not significant (p=0.267) but this difference was significant for mean perception scores (p=0.001). Conclusion: Strategies should be adopted to incorporate feedback into the curriculum for improving the quality of medical education in a developing country.

scholarly journals Sub Sinus Ridge Height at First Molar Region- A Panoramic Radiograph Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Nashib Pandey ◽  
Sujaya Gupta ◽  
Ankit Shah ◽  
Anju Khapung ◽  
Bhageshwar Dhami
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ridge Height ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Molar Region

Background: Among various replacement options available for maxillary molars, implants necessitate the need to examine available ridge height and width. Panoramic radiographs (orthopantomograms) are routinely used for preliminary determination of ridge height which is helpful in communicating with patients regarding treatment needs and options. This study was designed with the aim to assess the sub sinus ridge height at dentulous and edentulous first molar sites.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to November 2019 among patients visiting the dental college. The orthopantomograms of 455 patients were prospectively collected and analysed using Carestream imaging software (version 7.0.0). Distance from alveolar crest to maxillary sinus was measured in first molar region. Results: Mean minimal sub sinus ridge height at non-missing maxillary first molar site was 8.16 ± 2.6 mm, whereas for missing maxillary first molar site it was 5.25 ± 2.28 mm and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant difference among the age groups and minimum subsinus ridge height (p<0.001) was observed. Conclusions: Missing maxillary first molar sites may often require vertical bone augmentation with direct sinus lifting procedures if it has to undergo replacement with dental implants in the representative Nepalese population.Keywords: Implant; Nepalese; orthopantomogram; panoramic radiography; sinus augmentation

scholarly journals The study of epidemiological correlates of hypertension among the rural population of Mehsana district of North Gujarat region, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh Thakor ◽  
Pankaj B. Nimbalkar ◽  
Maulik D. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
North Gujarat

Background: The changing lifestyle factors in rural population are associated with increase in hypertension. Objective was to find out the epidemiological correlates of hypertension among the rural population.Methods: This was cross sectional study and conducted in rural areas of Mehsana district of Gujarat during January 2019 to June 2019. People living rural areas were selected by stratified random sampling. They were screened for hypertension by JNC VII criteria using sphygmomanometer and detailed personal, past and family history was taken after written and informed consent. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and analysis was done using SPSS statistical package.Results: Out of total 602 subjects, 93 (15.4%) were hypertensive. Out of total 93 hypertensive subjects, 50 (53.8%) were females. A blood pressure category and gender difference were not statically significant (p=0.89). Out of 93 hypertensive subjects, 42 (45.2%) subjects were in the age group of ≥60 years. The difference between age groups and blood pressure category was significant (p<0.0001). Out of 93 hypertensive subjects’ majority 85 (91.4%) had negative tobacco history while only 8 (8.6%) consumed tobacco in any form. The tobacco history and blood pressure category were not significantly associated (p=0.211). Out of total 93 hypertensive subjects, 54 (58.1%) subjects were (≥25) body mass index (BMI). Categories of BMI and hypertension were extremely significantly associated (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Hypertension is significantly associated with age, socio economic class and BMI.  

scholarly journals Wits appraisal study: 100 cephalometric analyses of Chinese teenagers

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
MT Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
The Difference

A cross sectional study was carried out within the lateral cephalograms on 100 Chinese teenage patients at the department of orthodontia in the second affiliated hospital of Dalian Medical University, CHINA in order to evaluate the Wits measurement as compared to ANB angle for identifying the anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy between maxilla & mandible and to determine the normal Wits value suitable for Caucasian descent whether it was applicable or not on the Chinese teenagers distributed according to sex, age & malocclusion variations. Non probability (purposive) sampling technique to collect 100 samples of lateral cephalometric radiographs and data were collected from the measurements of multiple planes & angles formed by adjoining various anatomic landmarks connecting to each other in those radiographs. Lateral cephalograms of those 100 subjects were divided according to gender, age & malocclusion type. In the sex group there were 43 males & 57 females. In the age group 68 patients’ ages were from 13 to 15 years and 32 patients’ ages were from 16 to 19 years. In the malocclusion group 41 patients had class I, 40 patients had class II & 19 patients had class III malocclusions. Statistical analyses were done by t-test (two independent samples) to detect the differences between two sex groups and also between the two age groups. One way ANOVA (analysis of variance) was applied to evaluate the differences of malocclusion classification. The results were statistically significant when p<0.05. Few results were also significant when compared to the level of p<0.01. Sex group showed statistically significant differences of some values like UFH, LFH, TFH & SN. Age group showed statistically significant values in case of LFH & L/TFHP. Malocclusion group showed significant value only for SNA. The research revealed that international Wits value of -1.0 mm for males could be applicable to the males of Chinese teenagers as their average Wits measurements were also found the same in this study. But the international standardized Wits value of 0.0 mm for females couldn’t be applicable for Chinese teenage females as their mean value of Wits measurements was found to be -1.2 mm in this study probably due to the slight maxillary retrognathism of Chinese female descents. On the other hand the difference between the Wits appraisal of Chinese male & female teenagers was found to be -0.2 mm which couldn’t be considered as a major difference between them. So the normal existence of the Caucasian Wits value of a one mm discrepancy should be modified to -0.2 mm if we want to apply this on teenage patients of Chinese population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i1.16588 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(1) 2013: 6-11

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Adult Patients with Vitiligo

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Yogesh Poudyal ◽  
Chandra Bhal Jha ◽  
Niraj Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Aspect ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

INTRODUCTION Vitiligo is an acquired disorder of skin characterized by white macules. Though there are many studies describing clinical and epidemiological features of vitiligo; there are few studies which have attempted to see the differences between male and female. Understanding the gender differences in clinico-epidemiological features will help to find the direction for further research in understanding pathogenesis. The objective was to find the gender wise differences in clinico-epidemiological pattern of vitiligo.   MATERIAL AND METHODS This was cross sectional study done at Dermatology and Venereology out-patient clinic of Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching hospital, Bhairhawa, Nepal from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Consecutive sampling technique was used and the cases of 18 years and above were taken. Chi-square test, multi-variate logistic regression, two sample t-tests were used to analyze the data.   RESULTS The total number of case was 190. Female to male ratio was 1.38:1. Vitiligo vulgaris was seen more in female and mucosal vitiligo more in male and the difference was statistically significant.   However, there was no statistically significant difference among gender in family history, duration of disease, mucosal and hair involvement, history of recurrence and various age groups.   CONCLUSION Vitiligo vulgaris is seen more in female and mucosal vitiligo is seen more in male. This study has strengthened the evidence regarding the difference noted in clinic-epidemiological aspect of vitiligo. There should be more studies, so that more patterns in gender differences could be understood, and this will help in understanding the pathogenesis of vitiligo.  

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