Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract Against Gentamicin Induced Changes of Serum Electrolytes in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Regulation of electrolytes and body fluids are essential for maintaining the body homeostasis. Kidney plays an important role for these regulations. Higher doses of drugs, toxins, infectious agents, chemicals etc. can causes kidney damage and ultimately electrolytes disturbances can be occurred. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is an herbal plant may have some role on serum electrolytes balance.Objective: To observe the effects of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root on serum electrolytes against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats.Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2010 to 30th June 2011. A total number of 35 Wistar albino rats, age from 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 200 grams were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into control group and experimental group. Control group was again subdivided into baseline control, (10 rats) and gentamicin treated control group, (10 rats). Again, experimental group (gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment) consisted of 15 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 22 consecutive days. In addition to this, gentamicin treated control group also received gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg /kg body weight/day) for the last eight (15th to 22nd day) consecutive days. Again, gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment received ashwagandha root extract (500mg/kg body weight/day, orally) for 22 consecutive days and gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg/kg body weight /day) for last eight (15th to 22nd day) days. All the animals were sacrificed on 23rd day. Then blood samples were collected and kidney weight was measured. For assessment of kidney function, some serum electrolyte levels e,g. serum sodium, potassium and chloride ion levels were estimated by ion selective electrode (ISE) electrolyte auto analyzer method, by using Biolyte 2000 auto analyzer. However, body weight and kidney weight of the animals were measured to assess the nephrotoxicity in these groups of animals. All these tests were done in the laboratory of Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, SSMC. Statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests as applicable.Results: The serum sodium and chloride ion levels were almost similar in all the groups and the differences were not statistically significant. The mean serum levels of potassium ion were significantly (p<0.001) lower in gentamicin treated group and (p<0.05) in gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment in comparison to that of baseline control group. But this level of gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of gentamicin treated group. Initial body weight was almost similar and no significant difference of this value was observed among the groups. Whereas, the final body weight was significantly (p<0.001) lower in gentamicin treated control group and in gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment than that of baseline  control group. Again this level of gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment was significantly (p<0.05) higher in comparison to that of gentamicin treated control group. The kidney weight was significantly (p<0.01) higher in gentamicin treated control group when compared to that of baseline control and gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment. Whereas, kidney weight of gentamicin treated group after ashwagandha treatment and of baseline control group was almost similar and showed no statistically significant difference of this value between this two groups.Conclusion: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract may have some role in maintaining some of the serum electrolyte levels within normal limit, which indicates its nephroprotective effects against gentamicin induced toxicity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11157 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 29-35

scholarly journals Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract On Some Serum Liver Marker Enzymes (AST, ALT) In Gentamicin Intoxicated Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi ◽  
M Tanveer Hossain Parash ◽  
Jesmine Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Liver is an essential metabolic organ. It can be damaged due to prolonged use and higher doses of drugs, exposure to some chemicals, toxins, or infectious agents. Herbal plants as ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) may have free radical scavenging activity thereby can be used for the prevention and treatment of liver damage.Objective: To observe the effect of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract on gentamicin induced changes of some liver marker enzymes e,g serum aspartate amino transferase (AST ) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) in Wistar albino rats.Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2010 to 30th June 2011. A total number of 35 Wistar albino rats, aged 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 200 grams were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B). Control group was again subdivided into group A1 (baseline control, consisted of 10 rats) and group A2 (gentamicin treated control group, consisted of 10 rats). Again, experimental group (Group B-ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group) consisted of 15 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 22 consecutive days. In addition to this, group A2 also received gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg /kg body weight/day) for the last eight (15th to 22nd day) consecutive days. Again, group B received ashwagandha root extract (500mg/kg body weight/day, orally) for 22 consecutive days and gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg/kg body weight /day) for last eight (15th to 22nd day) days. All the animals were sacrificed on 23rd day. Then blood and liver samples were collected. For assessment of liver function, serum AST, ALT and bilirubin levels were estimated. All these tests were done by standard Laboratory technique. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable.Results: The mean serum levels of AST and ALT were significantly (p<0.001) higher in gentamicin treated control group and in ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group in comparison to those of baseline control group.. Again, these levels were significantly (p<0.001) lower in ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group than those of gentamicin treated control group.Conclusion: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract restored serum AST, ALT towards normal levels in gentamicin intoxicated rats which may be due to its free radical scavenging activity. Therefore it may have hepatoprotective effect. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11152 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 1-7

scholarly journals Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Root Extract Against Gentamicin Induced Changes of Serum Urea and Creatinine Levels in Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Kidney is an important excretory organ. Its damage can be occurred due to prolonged use and higher doses of drugs, exposure to some chemicals, toxins, or infectious agents. Herbal plants as Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) may have free radical scavenging activity thereby can be used for the prevention and treatment of kidney damage. Objective: To observe the nephroprotective effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2010 to 30th June 2011. A total number of 35 Wistar albino rats, age ranged from 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 200 grams were included in this study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B). Control group was again subdivided into group A1 (baseline control, consisted of 10 rats) and group A2 (gentamicin treated control group, consisted of 10 rats). Again, experimental group (Group B- Ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group) consisted of 15 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 22 consecutive days. In addition to this, group A2 also received gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg /kg body weight/day) for the last eight (15th to 22nd day) consecutive days. Again, group B received ashwagandha root extract (500mg/kg body weight/ day; orally) for 22 consecutive days and gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg/kg body weight /day) for last eight (15th to 22nd day) days. All the animals were sacrificed on 23rd day. Then blood and kidney sample were collected. Estimation of serum urea, creatinine levels were done by using standard Laboratory kits. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Results: The mean serum urea, creatinine levels were significantly (p<0.001) higher in gentamicin treated control group in comparison to those of baseline control. Again, these levels were significantly (p<0.01) lower in ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group (experimental group) when compared to those of gentamicin treated group (control). Conclusion: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root may have some nephroprotective effect against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i2.9756 JBSP 2011 6(2): 84-89

Effects of cold stress, alprazolam and phytomedicine in combination with stress on blood glucose and haematogical parameter of the male albino rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Piyasi Bhattacharjee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Albino Rat

The present study conducted to investigate the haematological changes and changes of blood glucose level in male albino rat due to cold stress. In this experiment normal 12:12 light dark phases were maintained for all the groups. Control group was kept at normal room temperature (22 ± 1). A (4°C), B in (0°C), C (4°C and 0.30 mg alprazolam / kg body weight /animal), D (0°C and 0.30 mg alprazolam/ kg body weight/ animal. E2 group was treated with (4°C and 1000 mg/kg body weight methanolic extract of Withania somnifera root extract /animal). F2 group was treated with (0°C and 1000 mg/kg body weight methanolic root extract of Withania somnifera / animal). The blood glucose level was significantly increased in stressed rats compared to the control animals. The results were also consistent with the exposure to the stress and chronic restraint stress. Action of Alprazolam over cold stress treated group significantly reduced the blood glucose level. Whereas methanolic root extract of Withania somnifera in low and high doses also showed significant effects to the control anxiety like effects on blood glucose level. Alprazolam + different stress treated groups in different experiment at conditions show significant changes in its haematological parameters in comparison to the stress treated group. Whereas herbal medicine (i.e., methanolic root extract of Withania somnifera) when applied to different stress treated group showed more significant result, compared to the Alprazolam+ different stress treated groups. The positive safe anti stress effects of the herbal plant medicine prove that the tribal medicines have the potentiality to act effectively and can be used as safe medicine for antistress purposes.

scholarly journals A 90-Day Oral Toxicity of Hydroethanolic Root Extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Komlan M. Dossou-Yovo ◽  
Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽  
Povi Lawson-Evi ◽  
Yendubé T. Kantati ◽  
Tchin Darré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Herbal medication is a worldwide and ancient practice, mostly in developing countries, where a large part of the population is involved in this practice. Hence, studies must be conducted to evaluate their safety and efficiency to avoid or prevent toxicological risks due to their usage. In Togo, Carissa spinarum is a medicinal plant belonging to Apocynaceae family, used as an aphrodisiac or to heal some ailments including malaria, sickle cell anemia, hypertension, pain, and asthma. Notwithstanding its several ethnomedicinal benefits, just a few toxicological data associated with its chronic use are available. Objective. Therefore, this study aims to assess the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar rats. Methods. The 90-day oral toxicity process following OECD TG 408 guidelines is used. Male Wistar rats received Carissa spinarum root hydroethanolic extract at 500 and 1000 mg/kg for 90 days by oral gavage. Body weight changes, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weight changes, malondialdehyde as a lipoperoxidation marker expressed according to tissue proteins, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. No signs of toxicity or mortality were observed during the 90 days experiment. Hematological parameters have not shown any treatment-related abnormalities. According to biochemical parameters, an increase in the chloride ion level was observed at 1000 mg/kg p < 0.01 . There was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control group concerning the malondialdehyde concentration, body weight, and organ relative weight. No changes in necropsy and histopathology of vital organs associated with extract treatment were observed. Conclusion. The results indicated that an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum does not cause adverse effects, which can lead to Wistar rats’ death after 90-day oral administration at 500 and 1000 mg.

scholarly journals DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 1117-1123
Author(s):  
Faiza Irshad ◽  
Rabia Sajjad Toor ◽  
Madiha Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Zingiber Officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae family) is knownas Ginger. It is famous for its antioxidant properties. Objectives: To evaluate the effects ofGinger aqueous extract on the serum creatinine and paired kidney weight in Alloxan induceddiabetic nephropathy of albino rats. Study Design: Experimental study. Period: 06 months01-01-2013 to 30 June 2013. Setting: Anatomy Department, Sheikh Zayed, PGMI Lahore.Materials and Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced with Alloxan intraperitoneally (150 mg/kg body weight) in Experimental groups B & C. Then the rats of experimental group C received200mg/kg body weight of ginger aqueous extract by gavage daily for five weeks starting from8th day after Alloxan injection. Results: Serum creatinine levels increased more in experimentalgroup B as compared to experimental group C. Group wise comparison of creatinine levelrevealed that the difference among control (A group) and experimental (B & C Groups) wassignificant having p-value <0.001. We observed that Paired kidney weight in experimentalgroup B increased as compared to control group A. Less increase in the paired kidney weightwas observed in experimental group C as compared to experimental group B. The differenceof mean paired kidney weight among three groups was significant having p-value <0.001.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the co-treatment of Ginger aqueousextract prevented alloxan induced diabetic nephropathy in albino rats. The aqueous extract ofGinger showed amazing results on paired kidney weight.

119 HORMONE-ASSISTED REPRODUCTION IN A CAPTIVE MOUNTAIN YELLOW-LEGGED FROG POPULATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
N. E. Calatayud ◽  
D. M. Shier ◽  
R. R. Swaisgood ◽  
B. S. Durrant
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Captive Population ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Reproductive Cycles

Severe declines of the mountain yellow-legged frog (MYLF, Rana muscosa) led to establishment of a captive population at the San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research. With less than 200 adults estimated to remain in the wild, the Institute’s MYLF colony currently holds approximately 30% of the entire gene pool. Simulating natural seasonality by artificial brumation and manipulation of atmospheric temperature and light cycles is an integral part of this species’ management in captivity. However, over 5 years, the number of females that have oviposited has decreased from 80% in 2011 to 28% in 2014. It is unclear if changes in reproduction are related to husbandry or a lack of information regarding the natural reproductive cycles of these animals. Therefore, we examined the effects of hormone treatments on reproduction in the MYLF captive population. Prior to breeding, 21 females and 18 males were evenly assigned to either a control group (IP injection of PBS) or hormone-treated group [IP injection of gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH, D-Ala6, des-GLy10 ethylamide LHRH derivative) at 0.4 µg g–1 of body weight and metoclopramide (dopamine inhibitor) at 10 µg g–1 of body weight]. Males and females were housed in groups of 3 males and 3 females and allowed to choose their mate. Once a male had amplexed a female they were housed in pairs until oviposition occurred or until males ceased amplexus. Responses recorded during this study included amplexus, spermiation, oviposition, and embryonic cleavage. There was no significant difference in the number of eggs deposited by females treated with hormones and untreated controls (P = 0.1949) nor were there any differences between groups in the number of embryos that cleaved (P = 0.673) or survived to tadpole stage (P = 0.629). No significant differences were detected between the numbers of males that amplexed in the control or treated groups (P = 0.1120). Urine collected from 10/18 amplexed males (7 hormone-treated and 3 controls) indicated that 57% percent of hormone-treated males and 67% of control males were spermiating at the time of collection. Therefore, hormone treatments did not increase the number of eggs oviposited or the number of males spermiating or amplexing. Closer analysis of individual female reproductive histories indicated that 48% of captive female MYLF oviposited just once in 5 years, 40% in 2 consecutive years, 8% oviposited eggs in 2 consecutive years, skipped a year, and then oviposited again in 2 consecutive years, and 4% oviposited in 3 consecutive years. The number of females ovipositing in 2015 was significantly higher than 2012 (P = 0.0002), 2013 (P = 0.0001), and 2014 (P = 0.0026), but not 2011 (P = 0.0885), suggesting breeding may not occur annually in females. Understanding the breeding cycles of MYLF females will enable managers to determine if and when hormone administration is efficacious in captive amphibian breeding populations.

scholarly journals Effect of Withania somnifera Extracts on Some Selective Biochemical, Hematological, and Immunological Parameters in Guinea Pigs Experimental Infected with E. coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Sayed El-Boshy ◽  
Osama Mohamed Abdalla ◽  
Angy Risha ◽  
Fatma Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
E Coli

Fifty 1-2-month-old Guinea pigs were divided into 5 equal groups, 10 each. Control (Gp1) did receive neither viable bacteria nor treatment. Each animal from the other groups (Gp2–5) was challenged with (1-2 × 108) viable E. coli in 200 μL normal saline (0.9%) through IP route. GP2 infected group was treated with 200 μL saline IP and kept as positive control group. Gp3-4 are infected and treated with Withania somnifera (ethanol root extract) with doses 50 and 100 mg/kg. BW, respectively. Gp5 infected treated group was treated with cefoperazone antibiotic at dose 35 mg/Kg BW. The treatment by drug or the extracted medicinal plant was started 72 h after infection for 7 successive days. Serum and whole blood sample were collected from all groups 14 days after treatment to evaluate some hematological and biochemical changes as well as immunomodulatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Oral treatment of the plant extract caused significant benefit results in infected Guinea pig appeared in the correction of some hematological and biochemical parameters also try to suppressed inflammatory cytokine response represent in TNF-α. It could be concluded that W. somnifera extract has potent antibacterial activity, and this appears in the correction with hematological, biochemical, and immunological results.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performance of Late Pregnant Gilts Treated with Baypamun© before Farrowing

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Potočnjak ◽  
Ž. Pavičić ◽  
H. Valpotić ◽  
M. Popović ◽  
Lj. Bedrica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Modifier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Immune Response Modifier

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the production results of pregnant gilts, grown under commercial farm conditions and moved from the sow keeping unit to the prefarrowing unit, could be increased by non-specific immunization with Baypamun© (Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany; BPM), an immune response modifier (IRM). We used three groups of pregnant gilts that obtained different treatments. Non-treated group A served as control; two experimental groups were treated on Day 6, 4 and 2 (group B), or on Day 5, 3 and 1 (group C), respectively, before their transfer from the sow keeping unit to the prefarrowing unit. The experimental gilts received i.m. 2 ml of IRM BPM, i.e. inactivated Parapoxovis virus (1 x 106.75 TCID50). Throughout the trial, the numbers of liveborn and stillborn piglets and the duration of farrowing were recorded. Variance analysis with the type of treatment as independent variable showed a significant difference between control (group A) and experimental group B in the number of liveborn piglets (P < 0.0001) as well as between group A and group B (P < 0.0001) or group C (P < 0.0001) in the number of stillborn piglets, respectively. No differences in duration of farrowing between groups were recorded.

scholarly journals Melatonin menurunkan berat badan tetapi tidak menurunkan kadar TNF-α pada tikus wistar jantan yang diberi minyak jelantah selama 28 hari

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Anugrah Novianti ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
Nyoman Suci Widyastiti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Backgound: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) occurs when the intake and free fatty acid synthesis occurs more frequently than its oxidation and resecretion in the blood. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that can boost the synthesis of endogenous antioxidants in the body, suppress the inflammatory response and inhibit the formation of steatosis.Objective: To analyze the effect of melatonin supplementation in reducing body weight andTNF-α levels in male Wistar rats were fed by waste cooking oil.Methods: True experimental studyusing post-test only control group design. This study was done on 18 male wistar rats were divided into 3 groups : the positive control group (P0) was administrated waste cooking oil, the treated group 1 (P1) was administrated waste cooking oil and 5mg/kgBW melatonin, and the treated group 2 (P2) was administrated waste cooking oil and 10mg/kgBW melatonin for 28 days.Data analysis using One Way ANOVA test and followed by Tukey test to determine the most effective dose of melatonin.Results: There was significant difference in body weightbetween P2group and K0 group (p=0,019) with the mean body weight difference was 19,167g lower than K0 group. There was no difference in TNF-α levels between the three groups (p=0,155). Conclusion: Melatonin dose of 10mg/kgBWloses body weight male Wistar rats have given by waste cooking oil for 28 days, but does not reduce TNF-α levels.

The influence of doxazosin on the contractility of the urinary bladder in female pigs with experimentally induced cystitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-490
Author(s):  
W. Markiewicz ◽  
A. Bossowska ◽  
E. Lepiarczyk ◽  
M. Majewski ◽  
P. Radziszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Abstract The present in vitro study investigated the influence of doxazosin on the contractility of the urinary bladder in female pigs with experimentally induced cystitis. Fifteen juvenile female piglets (18-20 kg body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups (n=5 animals each): i) control (clinically healthy animals, without doxazosin treatment), ii) animals with induced inflammation of the urinary bladder, but without doxazosin treatment (experimental group I) and iii) animals with inflamed bladder, treated orally with doxazosin (0.1 mg/kg body weight for 30 days; experimental group II). Thereafter, the pigs were sacrificed and strips of the bladder trigone were suspended in organ baths. The tension and amplitude of the smooth muscles was measured before and after exposition to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10-6-10-4 M), acetylocholine (ACh; 10-5-10-3 M) and norepinephrine (NE; 10-9-10-7 M). 5-HT caused an increase in the tension of contractions in all the groups and the amplitude in the experimental groups, however, the effect was higher in the experimental group I than in group II as compared to that found in the pre-treatment period. ACh caused an increase in the tension in the control group and a decrease in the amplitude in both experimental groups; these changes significantly differed between the control and doxazosin-treated group. NE caused a decrease in the tension in both experimental groups and amplitude in all the groups, however, the effect was most strongly expressed in doxazosine-treated group. The present study has revealed that long-term administration of doxazosin causes a desensitization of the detrusor smooth muscle to in vitro applied mediators in the autonomic nervous system.

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