scholarly journals Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases in South Asia – A Clinical Review

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Salehuddin ◽  
Mamrun Nahar Choudhury ◽  
Neena Islam ◽  
Md Zillur Rhaman ◽  
Shantonu Kumar Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Impact

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases are on the rise in South East Asia Region (SEAR). NCDs account for nearly 54% of the deaths, significant amount of disabilities and huge socioeconomic losses in countries of SEAR. NCDs are caused by a set of behavioural risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity and unhealthy diet (high in salt, sugar and fat and low in fruits and vegetables) and biological risk factors like raised blood pressure, raised blood sugar and impaired cholesterol levels and others.South Asia is experiencing urbanization, with widening incme and social inequities. The impact of noncommunicable diseases on the rich and the poor are likely to be different, in terms of both the principal causes and manifestations. As the rich are likely to reconnise their risk earlier and seek medical attention, they will develop chronic but manageable disease; as the poor are likely to be less aware of their risk and less able to access medical care, they will develop rapidly progressive disease with early and sudden fatal outcomes To challenge to public health is to anticipate and avert an epidemic of non-communicable diseases.NCDs risk factors can be reduced with existing knowledge through cost- effective policies and programmes, Establishment of surveillance systems for non-communicable diseases and their risk factors is essential for developing prevention strategies and monitoring the impact of control programmes.Key Words: Non-communicable diseases; South Asia; Risk factors; BurdenDOI: 10.3329/uhj.v6i2.7255University Heart Journal Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2010 pp.97-102

scholarly journals Impact of nutritional risk factors on chronic non-communicable diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dietary Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD). Among various risk factors, poor nutrition quality has been identified as a leading determinant of NCD. Methods The Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study provided a comprehensive comparative risk assessment (CRA) of risk factor for NCD, quantifying the impact of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. Special focus on nutritional risk factors will be dedicated, discussing the proportion of disease-specific burden attributable to each dietary risk factor and the level of intake associated with the lowest risk of mortality. Results In 2017, over 30 million deaths were attributable to risk factors. When ranked, high systolic blood pressure was the leading risk factor, accounting for more than 10 million deaths, followed by, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. A total of 11 million deaths were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium, low intake of whole grains, and low intake of fruits were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths globally. However, important differences between regions and outcome (i.e., cardiovascular disease vs. cancer) have been registered. Besides the major aforementioned factors, underrated dietary risk factors, such as low calcium intake, have been found important contributors to cancer burden in certain developed countries. Interpretation The combination of increasing metabolic risks and population ageing will probably continue to drive the increasing trends in NCD at the global level. These data provide a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations.

Adolescent non-communicable diseases

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Pitchforth ◽  
Dougal Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Harmful Use ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
Harmful Use Of Alcohol

Four non-communicable diseases (NCDs): cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory conditions, are responsible for 63% of deaths worldwide. Most of these deaths (86%) occur in low and middle-income countries, where the highest proportion of adolescents live. Four shared behavioural risk factors for NCDs (tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and harmful use of alcohol) are usually acquired during adolescence and persist throughout life. For example, globally 100,000 young people start smoking each day and over 90% of adults who smoke started during childhood or adolescence. This chapter will explore each of these risk factors, the impact on adolescent health and what steps are being taken to address these problems, as well as the contribution of chronic disease to the NCDs.

scholarly journals Quality of Care among Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) Service Delivery in South Asia: A Systematic Rapid Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraban Ether ◽  
K M Saif-Ur-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: South Asia is facing the challenges of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which are getting doubled due to the low quality of care (QoC) around NCD services. This systematic rapid review aims to unpack available approaches to establish the quality of care around NCD services and the impact of those approaches to reduce NCD burden in South Asian countries. Methods: Three electronic databases (Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) were searched. Studies published from 1st January 1990 to 31st December 2020 were included. Studies written in English in the South Asian context following any research design about four major NCDs (cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease), and interventions to achieve QoC were included. Data extraction was done using a pre-specified form. A narrative synthesis was conducted for analyzing the extracted information. This systematic rapid review is registered in PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews) - CRD42020157401.Results: Among 829 identified studies 13 were included in the review for in-depth analysis. Most of the studies focused on cancer followed by diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Community and clinic-based screening, NCD care education, NCD specialized corner or hospital, and a follow-up system ensure patient satisfaction, accessibility, early detection, timely referral, and help to reduce disease severity, mortality rate, and incidence of the new disease.Conclusions: The effective interventions for improving QoC around NCD services can be scaled up in different settings in South Asia to reduce the burden of NCDs.

Gender-specific behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in adolescent children

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
S. A. Ushakova ◽  
◽  
A. D. Petrushina ◽  
S. M. Klyashev ◽  
O. Yu. Khalidullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Gender Characteristics

Aim. To study the gender characteristics of such behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases as low physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescent children. Materials and methods. A single-stage clinical study of a specially organized sample of older adolescent children aged 15-17 years (a decreed group for preventive medical examinations) living in urban and rural areas of the Tyumen region was performed in order to study the frequency of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDS). Results. Gender differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of behavioral NCDS in older adolescent children: Smoking for boys, low physical activity among girls. Low physical activity and Smoking were more common among urban girls compared to rural girls of the same age. Conclusion. The established gender characteristics of the frequency of occurrence of controlled NCDS in urban and rural children are the basis for planning and optimizing primary prevention in medical organizations that provide primary health care, including the organization of a modern model of school-oriented health care.

scholarly journals RISK FACTOR PROFILE OF CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN DIFFERENT OBESITY PHENOTYPES

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
ALBINA R. NURIEVA ◽  
◽  
ALBINA V. SINEGLAZOVA ◽  
TAISIYA YU. KIM ◽  
SWAPNIL PARVE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Risk Factor Profile

To study the features of modifiable biological and behavioral risk factors of chronic noncommunicable diseases in individuals with different metabolic phenotypes.

scholarly journals Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases (ROPNIZ). Alimentary-dependent risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases and eating habits: dietary correction within the framework of preventive counseling. Methodological Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
O. M. Drapkina ◽  
N. S. Karamnova ◽  
A. V. Kontsevaya ◽  
B. E. Gorny ◽  
V. A. Dadaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Medical Prevention ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

The methodological guidelines are developed as a practical document for medical specialists working in the field of preventive medicine, in order to expand and improve the provision of this type of medical service to the adult population. The methodological guidelines include an informational and informative part for medical specialists and a practical part for patients, presented in the format of memos, contain the main sections-healthy nutrition, correction of eating habits, issues of modifying the diet for the main alimentary-dependent risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases, such as arterial hypertension, obesity, disorders of lipid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism, a decrease in bone mineral density. They are intended for medical specialists working in the field of prevention, for doctors and secondary medical personnel of offices and departments of medical prevention, public health and medical prevention centers, healthy lifestyle specialists, teachers of medical educational institutions, for specialists who develop and implement educational programs for patients, as well as for medical specialists of a therapeutic profile.

scholarly journals Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases Among Residents of a Remote Settlement in the Transbaikal Region of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gaisenok
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Transbaikal Region ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction: Over a quarter of the population of the Russian Federation resides in rural communities. However, the data on chronic disease rates in these communities are limited, which makes screening for chronic diseases extremely important. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases among residents of a remote settlement in the Transbaikal region, Russian Federation.Methods: A sample of residents from the Transbaikal region settlement was screened in August 2017. The screening included a survey to determine the frequency of self-reported chronic diseases as well as sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors. Additionally, vascular stiffness was measured by volumetric sphygmography using the VaSera-1500 device. Descriptive statistics have been used for data analysis.Results: 126 residents were screened for this study. The prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors were: hypertension (56.3%), gastrointestinal diseases (33.3%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (13.5%), smoking (35.7%), obesity (19.1%), and diabetes mellitus (6.3%). Pathological vascular changes typical of atherosclerosis were found by volumetric sphygmography in 17.5% of cases, with 5.5% of those cases corresponding to significant forms of severe peripheral atherosclerosis (ABI<0.9). An analysis of mortality causes for this settlement for 2016-2017 found that cardiovascular diseases accounted for over 50% of the total number of deaths.Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of detectable chronic non-communicable diseases and their associated risk factors. Cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of mortality. Active prevention programs and screenings are required to reduce the burden of chronic diseases in this region.

scholarly journals Prevention of noncommunicable diseases: from risk factors to the national programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Rimma A. Potemkina ◽  
Larisa A. Mylnikova ◽  
Natalia N. Kamynina ◽  
Oksana A. Pivovarova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction. High mortality from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) leads to significant economic losses, both direct associated with increasing costs for the health system and indirect associated with a decrease in labour potential due to disability and premature mortality of the population. It is known that the same risk factors (RF) determine the occurrence of major chronic diseases. To reduce mortality rates, it is necessary to change the population’s risk profile to reduce the prevalence of RF. Goal. To identify the health effects of major non-communicable diseases in Russia by monitoring risk factors. Objectives: 1. Determine the structure and weight of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. 2. Study systems for monitoring the risk factors of non-communicable diseases. 3. Analyse international and domestic experiences in the prevention of major non-communicable diseases. Material and methods. Statistical compilations by Rosstat, Ministry of Health of Russia. Medline database was used to find some sources. Results. The creation of an evidence-based health policy and strategy is based on a well-organized, reliable information system. Monitoring the NCD RF by regularly examining representative samples using standard methods is critical for such a system. Regular assessment of the population’s risk profile allows tracking the dynamics of health indicators and predicting mortality rates. Monitoring RF can assess the effectiveness of health care and population-based prevention programs in the regions and the country as a whole. Conclusions. In addition to the influence of lifestyle and the physical and social environment, the health of the population depends on many components: the principles of the organization of the health system, it’s financing, and, to a large extent, on the standard of living of the population, income and their distribution in society. On this basis, health problems associated with various socio-economic, environmental and other living conditions of the population should be addressed jointly by many sectors and departments by creating a supportive physical and social environment for a healthy lifestyle of the population.

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