scholarly journals Food poisonings in Brazil – the impacts of the pandemic and its prevention perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e436101321291
Author(s):  
Sabrina Fernandes Rosa ◽  
Maria Laura Costa Araújo ◽  
Matheus Diniz Gonçalves Coêlho
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Eating Practices ◽  
Good Hygiene

This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of food poisoning in Brazil with its trends and prospects for prevention, between the years 2016 and 2020. A cross-sectional, retrospective study with a quantitative approach was developed, the data for the research were taken from official government websites, namely: SINITOX (National System of Toxic-Pharmacological Information), DATASUS and IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). It became evident that a significant and sharp decrease in cases of food poisoning in Brazil and in its five socio-political regions (p<0.0001) in the year 2020, such fact being probably related to the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding the occurrence of food poisoning by gender there was predominance in males with a sharp and significant decrease in the year 2020 for both genders. The age group between 15-19 years was the most prevalent, followed by children under 1 year old. Thus, it can be concluded that food poisoning is closely related to food consumption outside the home, reinforcing the importance of the professional nutritionist as a propagator of good hygiene, handling, and healthy eating practices.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Renais Crônicos em Tratamento Conservador em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas/ Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Conservative Treatment in a Hospital in Southern School of Minas

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Camila Dorilêo Negretti ◽  
Pablo Girardeli Mendonça Mesquita ◽  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Keywords Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Grade Iii

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador no ambulatório do Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado com 171 pacientes atendidos em tratamento conservador no ambulatório de nefrologia no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. A coleta objetivou caracterizar idade, sexo, raça, estado civil e procedência. Também foram avaliados dados do primeiro atendimento como: valores de ureia e creatinina, o grau de DRC, a etiologia e o número de retorno. Resultados: Dos doentes renais crônicos avaliados, 50,3% eram do sexo masculino, 88% da raça branca, 54,4% casados e a maioria (70,8%) possuía faixa etária prevalente >60 anos. A maioria dos atendidos, 98,5% pertence a microrregião de referência. Quanto a dados de primeira consulta, o diabetes mellitus foi a principal etiologia (38%). Os valores de ureia e creatinina acima da referência preconizada foi observado na maioria dos pacientes e o grau III de DRC em 31% dos casos. O número médio de retornos após a primeira consulta foi de três retornos em 25,13% dos pacientes. Conclusão: A pesquisa permitiu o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico dos portadores de DRC em tratamento conservador. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de implementação de políticas voltadas para promoção e prevenção à saúde com divulgação de mais programas de controle para minimizar o surgimento de novos casos da DRC. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia. Doença Renal Crônica. Tratamento. ABSTRACT.Objective: Determine the epidemiological profile of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on conservative treatment at the Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was conducted with 171 patients who were treated in conservative treatment at the nephrology clinic from January 2012 to December 2013. The collection aimed to characterize age, sex, race, marital status and origin. We also evaluated data from the first service as: urea and creatinine values, the degree of CKD the etiology and the number of return. Results: Among the chronic renal patients evaluated, 50.3% were male, 88% Caucasian, 54.4% were married and the majority (70.8%) was the most prevalent age group> 60 years. Most of the patients 98.5% belong to micro region of reference. As the first appointment data, diabetes mellitus was the major cause (38%). The urea and creatinine values above the recommended reference was observed in the majority of patients and the DRC grade III in 31% of cases. The average number of returns after the fisrt visit was three return in 25.13% of patients. Conclusion: The research gave us the knowledge of the epidemiological profile of patients with CKD on dialysis. The findings reinforce the need to implement policies for health promotion and prevention with more disclosure of control programs to minimize the appearance of new cases of CKD. Keywords: Epidemiology. Chronic Kidney Disease.Treatment.

scholarly journals A retrospective study of colorectal carcinoma in central India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Suresh Clement H. ◽  
S. Madhu Babu ◽  
Samir Ahmad ◽  
Harsha Omkar M.
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outer Quadrant ◽  
The World ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: Inner lining of lobules or ducts of milk of breast tissue is the origin of the breast cancer. Among females, it constitutes 10.4% of cancer cases incidence all over the world. It thus is the fifth leading cause of mortality all over the world. As known, it is more common in females than males. The objective of this study was to study the clinical and epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out for a period of two and half years at M. G. M. Hospital, Warangal. Both males and females of 30 years and above were included in the study. Total number of carcinoma cases admitted during 2005 to 2007 for a period of two and half years were 1,428. Total number of carcinoma breast cases admitted during 2005 to 2007 for a period of two and half years were 242.Results: Maximum cases i.e. 44.6% belonged to stage III of breast cancer. Maximum cases were seen among Hindus i.e. 76.4%. As expected, only one case was reported by males which constituted only 0.42%. Highest number of cases i.e. 99 (40.9%) were reported during the age group of 40-50 years. Multi para women constituted more number of cases in 78.8%. Maximum number of cases of breast cancer i.e. 41.6% occurred among menstruating women. Most commonly affected quadrant was upper outer in 55.1% of cases. The most common type was Schirrous carcinoma in 39.6% of cases.Conclusions: Upper outer quadrant was most commonly affected. This indicates that the women in the reproductive age group should be directed to examine their breast daily with specific attention to upper outer quadrant.

scholarly journals A study on clinical and epidemiological profile of patients admitted with white patch in throat to Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical and Communicable Diseases, Hyderabad, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Asma . ◽  
Phani Bhushan Ivaturi
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
White Patch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: One of the most common differential diagnosis for a white patch in throat is diphtheria. Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae. These bacilli release powerful exotoxin which is responsible for formation of white or greyish or yellowish membrane commonly over tonsils, pharynx or larynx. The objectives of the study were to determine the clinical and epidemiological factors of cases admitted with white patch in throat; to assess the microbiological confirmation rate of diphtheria among cases with white patch in throat; to identify the mortality and morbidity among study population.Methods: A cross sectional record based retrospective study was carried out at Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical & Communicable Diseases, Hyderabad. All the cases admitted in year 2016 with a white/grey/yellowish patch in throat were included in the study. The study was carried out for 2 months.Results: A total of 230 cases were reported and 46.1% of cases were in the age group of 11-20 years. Males constituted about 48.3% and females 51.7% of study population. The most common clinical presentation was Sore throat, fever and a pseudo membrane over tonsils/pharynx. A total of 12 deaths occurred among 230 cases.Conclusions: Deaths occurred most commonly in the younger age group and in the non-immunized. Recovery was faster and the course of illness was uncomplicated in the older age group and in completely immunized individuals.

scholarly journals Study of Clinical-Pathological Discrepancies in Autopsie

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Clinical Records

Background: Autopsy is a traditional method in pathology for the study of diseases or injuries, being key to elucidate the cause of death. However, the number of autopsies has been decreasing progressively. Design and Context: Retrospective cross-sectional study to analyze the presence of discrepancy between clinical and pathological diagnoses as to the cause of death according to the Goldman criteria, verify the epidemiological profile of the main causes of death, and tabulate the number of procedures conducted annually. Method: Analyzing clinical records and autopsy reports from the Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine of the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) from 1963 to 2012 and performing statistical analysis on the data collected. Results: The predominant age group was of dead fetuses (30.6% of all cases). The main cause of death was infection (68.4% of diagnoses). After a peak in the early 1980s, there was a progressive drop in the rates of postmortem examination. In the 1990s, the average number of autopsies fell by 58% in relation to the previous decade, and the last decade of the Century registered a decrease of 80% as compared to the average of the 1980s. According to the Goldman criteria, there was discrepancy between ante- and postmortem diagnoses as to the cause of death in 26.2% of the cases. Conclusion: The rates of discrepancy between clinical diagnoses and autopsy findings regarding the cause of death remain high, even though medicine has become more and more advanced in technology.

scholarly journals Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Cirrhotic Patients at a Reference Center in Belém-PA, Analysis of 10 years

10.3823/2591 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Castello Branco Mello Miranda ◽  
Fernanda Araújo Santos ◽  
Ana Rachel Koury Marinho ◽  
Mayara Castello Branco de Mello Dias ◽  
Suzana Maria Klautau Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic, ethyological and clinical aspects of patients with liver cirrhosis treated in the Chronic Liver Disease Center. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study based on the analysis of 580 pacients’ medical records with the diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis treated from 2004 to 2014 in Belém, Brazil. Conclusions: the profile was predominantly of male patients, aged between 51 and 60 years, coming from the capital ​​Belem, whose main etiologies of cirrhosis were C hepatitis and alcohol. Ascites was the most frequent clinical manifestation and Child-Pugh score A was the most prevalent.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of SARS-CoV-2 among selected regions in Ghana: A cross-sectional retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243711
Author(s):  
Michael Owusu ◽  
Augustina Angelina Sylverken ◽  
Sampson Twumasi Ankrah ◽  
Philip El-Duah ◽  
Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Review Period ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Background Global cases of COVID-19 continue to rise, causing havoc to several economies. So far, Ghana has recorded 48,643 confirmed cases with 320 associated deaths. Although summaries of data are usually provided by the Ministry of Health, detailed epidemiological profile of cases are limited. This study sought to describe the socio-demographic features, pattern of COVID-19 spread and the viral load dynamics among subjects residing in northern, middle and part of the southern belt of Ghana. Methods This was a cross-sectional retrospective study that reviewed records of samples collected from February to July, 2020. Respiratory specimens such as sputum, deep-cough saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from suspected COVID-19 subjects in 12 regions of Ghana for laboratory analysis and confirmation by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results A total of 72,434 samples were collected during the review period, with majority of the sampled individuals being females (37,464; 51.9%). The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 identified in the study population was 13.2% [95%CI: 12.9, 13.4). Males were mostly infected (4,897; 51.5%) compared to females. Individuals between the ages 21–30 years recorded the highest number of infections (3,144, 33.4%). Symptomatic subjects had higher viral loads (1479.7 copies/μl; IQR = 40.6–178919) than asymptomatic subjects (49.9; IQR = 5.5–3641.6). There was significant association between gender or age and infection with SARS-CoV-2 (p<0.05). Among all the suspected clinical presentations, anosmia was the strongest predictor of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Adj. OR (95%CI): 24.39 (20.18, 29.49). We observed an average reproductive number of 1.36 with a minimum of 1.28 and maximum of 1.43. The virus trajectory shows a gradual reduction of the virus reproductive number. Conclusion This study has described the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 cases in northern, middle and part of the southern belt of Ghana, with males and younger individuals at greater risk of contracting the disease. Health professionals should be conscious of individuals presenting with anosmia since this was seen as the strongest predictor of virus infection.

Age estimation in children using Demirjian’s technique: A retrospective study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajwalit P Kende ◽  
Ankeeta S Khadilkar ◽  
Rajesh P Gaikwad ◽  
Jayant S Landage
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dental Age Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Mandibular Teeth

Age estimation is a sub discipline of forensic odontology which plays an important part in every identification process, especially when information related to the deceased is unavailable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian’s Dental Age Estimation technique, with the help of Ortho-Pantomo-Graphs (OPG) in 50 children. 50 OPGs of children in the age group of 6-16 years were randomly selected and a cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. Age estimation was done by the method given by Demirjian and two tailed test of the data was carried out. A significantly high difference was observed in the estimated and chronologic ages in the age group of 13-16 years than in 6-12 years. Demirjian's original method, using seven mandibular teeth is an accurate method of age estimation in children especially of the younger age group (6-12 years of age).

Thoracotomies: epidemiologic study in a large general hospital of the region Center-Western of Paraná – Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Moisés Kogien ◽  
Carlos Alberto Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Pleural Empyema ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

ABSTRACTObjectives: to describe the most frequent causes for realization of thoracotomies and the epidemiological profile of individuals submitted of its. Method: this is about a retrospective study from quantitative approach conducted by medical records of a large general hospital of region Center-Western of Paraná (PR) were analysed in from June 2005 to july 2006. The study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste in Paraná (BR), in accordance to registration number 019/2006. Results: it were studied 50 cases, 56% were men; the age-group where the most number of cases were concentred was between 40 and 49 years old (22%), the average age was 42,5 years. Most of the case studied (50%) was closed thoracotomy drainage; 42% was thoracotomized for exhibit pleural empyema and 22% for exhibit pleural effusion. Conclusion: males aged up to 49 years old predominated among the thoracotomized patients in the study sample. The lateral thoracotomies were the main thoracic incisions made for treatment of pleural effusions and empyemas.  Descriptors: thoracotomy; thoracic surgery; epidemiology descriptive.RESUMOObjetivo: descrever as causas mais frequentes para a realização de toracotomias e traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos indivíduos submetidos a este procedimento. Método: estudo retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa através de análise de prontuários médicos em um hospital de grande porte da região Centro-Oeste do Paraná no período entre junho/2005 e junho/2006. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, sob registro n.019/2006. Resultados: foram estudados 50 casos, destes, 56% constituem-se de homens; a faixa etária onde se concentraram o maior número de casos foi entre 40 e 49 anos (22%), com idade média de 42,5 anos. A maioria dos casos analisados (50%) correspondeu a toracotomias com drenagem fechada; 42% foram toracotomizados por apresentarem empiema pleural e 22% por apresentarem derrame pleural. Conclusão: indivíduos do sexo masculino na faixa etária de até 49 anos de idade predominaram entre os pacientes toracotomizados da amostra do estudo, todos procedentes da região estudada. As toracotomias laterais foram as principais incisões torácicas realizadas em indicação ao tratamento de derrames e empiemas pleurais. Descritores: toracotomia; cirurgia torácica; epidemiologia descritiva.RESUMENObjetivos: describir las causas más frecuentes para la realización de toracotomías y trazar el perfil epidemiológico de los individuos sometidos a esto procedimiento. Método: estudio retrospectivo con abordaje cuantitativa a través de análisis de archivos médicos en un hospital de gran porte de la región Centro-Oeste del Paraná en el período entre junio/2005 y junio/2006. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Etica en Investigación de la Universidad Estadual del Centro-Oeste, sob protocolo n. 019/2006. Resultados: fueron estudiados 50 casos, de estos, 56% se constituyen de hombres; la faja etaria donde se concentraron el mayor número de casos fue entre 40 y 49 años (22%) con edad media de 42,5 años. La mayoría de los casos estudiados (50%) correspondió a toracotomías con drenaje cerrada; 42% fueron toracotomizados por presentaren empiema pleural y 22% por presentaren derrame pleural. Conclusión: hombres en la faja etaria hasta 49 años predominarán entre los toracotomizados en la amostrad del estudio, todos procedentes de la región estudiada. Las toracotomías laterales fueran las principales incisiones torácicas realizadas en indicación al tratamiento de derrames y empiemas pleurales.  Descriptores: toracotomía; cirúgia torácica; epidemiología descriptiva.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of confirmed meningitis cases reported in the state of Ceará from 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e885998235
Author(s):  
Evaldo Hipólito de Oliveira ◽  
Andreson Félix da Cruz ◽  
Carla Graziela da Silva ◽  
Nayra Barbosa Alves ◽  
Maria do Socorro Viana do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The Brain

Meningitis is an inflammatory process that affects the brain membranes (pia mater and arachnoid), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Such a process can be caused by viruses and bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará, reported from 2014 to 2018. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study that outlined a quantitative and descriptive study on cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará. Ceará, retrospectively, from 2014 to 2018. Data from the Department of Informatics of SUS, DATASUS, were used. Of the 1710 reported cases of meningitis, the highest prevalence was in the 20-39 age group and the 40-59 age group, 32.0% and 20.6%, respectively. Males account for 62% of confirmations. 1398 occur in the state capital, Fortaleza, being of majority expression. The diagnostic test with the highest number of confirmations is the chemocytological test.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of utilization of Rajiv Gandhi Jeevandayee Arogya Yojana in a municipal tertiary care hospital located in a metro city

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2515
Author(s):  
Radhakrishnan A. ◽  
Seema S. Bansode-Gokhe
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Management ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: Objective of the study was to study the epidemiological profile of study subjects benefited by Rajiv Gandhi Jeevandayee Arogya Yojana (RGJAY) and study the spectrum of surgical procedures/therapies/consultations. Methods: It was a hospital record –based retrospective cross sectional study. Approximately 7200 beneficiaries were enrolled in a year. This study was analyzed with 10% beneficiaries (730) data by the convenient purposeful sampling method. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 17 software. Results: The majority of the study subjects (34.7%) belonged to the age group of 40-59 years. The mean age was 38.6.More study subjects were males (55.1%). 99.9% of study subjects had come directly without any referral. 95.2% study subjects were orange ration card holders, 4.1% were yellow ration card holders.78.8% of study subjects got approval from RGJAY society, whereas pre authorization status was cancelled in13.6%.In total surgeries majority of the study subjects utilized orthopaedics surgery (16.3%).In total therapies majority utilized paediatric medical management (18.5%). In conservative management majority utilized cardiology (94.7%) and burns (5.2%). Conclusions: The majority of the study subjects belonged to the age group of 40-59 years. More were males. Majority had come directly without any referral. This reveals the increased awareness about RGJAY among people. This scheme is more utilized by orange ration card holders than yellow card holders. In total surgeries majority utilized orthopaedics surgery. In total therapies majority utilized paediatric medical management. In conservative management majority utilized cardiology and burns. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document