scholarly journals Evaluation of a hydrocyclone system and ceramic membrane for oily water treatment purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e121101623331
Author(s):  
Kepler Borges França ◽  
Adriana Barbosa da Costa Pereira ◽  
Cristiane Rodrigues Macêdo ◽  
Carolina Pereira Dantas ◽  
Karine Oliveira da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Production Flow ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oily Water

The management of produced water is a huge challenge for oil companies, as environmental agencies use increasingly strict laws and require a primary treatment for the disposal of waste. The conventional methods used in the treatment of oily water, cannot satisfactorily remove the environmental laws. A system is presented, with a hydrocyclone built within LABDES/UFCG, tested and characterized with oily waters with different levels of oil concentrations, in order to study its efficiency. It was observed that for different oil concentrations in the hydrocyclone feed stream of (100 to 2000) mg L-1, total oil and grease, reached an efficiency above 85%. The set of ceramic membranes, MR01-10 and MR02-20, with porosities of 43% and 52%, were used in the assembly of two types of systems, SMC-DE and SMC-FC. SMC-FC showed a removal rate above 80% for an average production of 165 L h-1 m-2. However, SMC-DE proved to be more efficient in relation to TOG, above 98%, but less efficient in relation to the permeate production flow, 63.3 L h-1.m-2. The hydrocyclone system with cross-flow ceramic membrane (SH-MC/FC) was chosen to study the reduction of oil in oily water, for a concentration range of (200 to 2000) mg L-1, which presented a removal rate above 95%.

Mass Transfer in Tubular Ceramic Membranes for Polluted Water Treatment - Numerical Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 16-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Saraiva de Souza ◽  
S. José dos Santos Filho ◽  
Severino Rodrigues de Farias Neto ◽  
A.G. Barbosa de Lima ◽  
H.A. Luma Fernandes Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Water Separation

Innovative technologies are needed to attend the increasingly strict requirements for produced water treatment, since most of the separation processes are limited to particles larger than 10 μm. Separation processes using ceramic membranes are attracting great interest from academic and industrial community. Nevertheless, few studies, especially numerical, regarding the inorganic membrane’s application for the polluted water separation have been reported. In the present work, therefore, a study of fluid-flow dynamics for a laminar regime in porous tubes (tubular porous ceramic membrane) has been performed. The mass, momentum and mass transport conservation equations were solved with the aid of a structured mesh using ANSYS CFX commercial package. The velocity of local permeation was determined using the resistance in series model. The specific resistance of the polarized layer was obtained by Carman-Kozeny equation. The numerical results were evaluated and compared with the results available in the literature, where by a good agreement with each other was found. The numerical results, obtained by the proposed shell and tubular membrane separation module, indicate that there is facilitation of mass transfer and hence a reduction in the thickness of the polarized boundary layer occurs.

scholarly journals Innovative Optical-Sensing Technology for the Online Fouling Characterization of Silicon Carbide Membranes during the Treatment of Oily Water

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Ebrahimi ◽  
Axel A. Schmidt ◽  
Cagatay Kaplan ◽  
Oliver Schmitz ◽  
Peter Czermak
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Water Sensor

The oil and gas industry generates a large volume of contaminated water (produced water) which must be processed to recover oil before discharge. Here, we evaluated the performance and fouling behavior of commercial ceramic silicon carbide membranes in the treatment of oily wastewaters. In this context, microfiltration and ultrafiltration ceramic membranes were used for the separation of oil during the treatment of tank dewatering produced water and oily model solutions, respectively. We also tested a new online oil-in-water sensor (OMD-32) based on the principle of light scattering for the continuous measurement of oil concentrations in order to optimize the main filtration process parameters that determine membrane performance: the transmembrane pressure and cross-flow velocity. Using the OMD-32 sensor, the oil content of the feed, concentrate and permeate streams was measured continuously and fell within the range 0.0–200 parts per million (ppm) with a resolution of 1.0 ppm. The ceramic membranes achieved an oil-recovery efficiency of up to 98% with less than 1.0 ppm residual oil in the permeate stream, meeting environmental regulations for discharge in most areas.

Oily Water Treatment Using Ceramic Membrane in Presence of Swirling Flow Induced by a Tangential Inlet via CFD

2014 ◽  
Vol 348 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tássia Vieira Mota ◽  
Helton Gomes Alves ◽  
Severino Rodrigues Farias Neto ◽  
Antônio Gilson Barbosa de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oily Water ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Tangential Inlet

In recent years, attention has been given to the processes controlling the emission of oily effluents and their environmental impact. Many industrial processes generate large volumes of water contaminated with oil, called oily waters. The oily water must be treated before its discard in order to meet the criteria established by environmental agencies (for example in Brazil, 20 mg/L). In present days, the process of separating oil/water with ceramic membranes has attracted the attention of many researchers [1,2]. In this sense, the aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the tangential inlet shape in the oil/water separation via ceramic membranes. We use a mathematical multiphase flow model to describe the oil-water separation, based on the particle model. Here oil is the dispersed phase while water the continuous phase. To model the turbulence effect we use the RNGk-εmodel. All simulations were carried out using the Ansys CFX ® commercial code. Results of streamlines and velocity, pressure and volume fraction of phase fields are present and analyzed. The numerical results indicate that no significant difference when using a circular or rectangular pipe with the same cross-sectional area.

Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Oily Water using a Ceramic Membrane: Flux Decline and Oil Adsorption

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 3435-3454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingjiang Jessie Lue ◽  
Jayin Chow ◽  
Chinfeng Chien ◽  
Hsengshao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Oil Adsorption ◽  
Oily Water

scholarly journals Fabrication, Optimization, and Performance of a TiO2 Coated Bentonite Membrane for Produced Water Treatment: Effect of Grafting Time

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izrin Mohamad Esham ◽  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

The main problem usually faced by commercial ceramic membranes in the treatment of produced water (PW) is low water flux even though ceramic membrane was well-known with their excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. In the process of minimizing the problem faced by commercial ceramic membranes, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites, which synthesized via a sol-gel method, were deposited on the active layer of the hydrolysed bentonite membrane. This paper studied the influence of grafting time of TiO2 nanocomposite on the properties and performance of the coated bentonite membranes. Several characterizations, which are Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle, porosity, and average pore size, were applied to both pristine and coated bentonite membranes to compare the properties of the membranes. The deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the coated bentonite membranes was successfully confirmed by the characterization results. The pure water flux performance showed an increment from 262.29 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (pristine bentonite membrane) to 337.05 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 30) and 438.33 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 60) as the grafting time increase but when the grafting time reached 90 min (Ti-Ben 90), the pure water flux was decreased to 214.22 L h−1 m−² bar−1 which is lower than the pristine membrane. The oil rejection performance also revealed an increase in the oil rejection performance from 95 to 99%. These findings can be a good example to further studies and exploit the advantages of modified ceramic membranes in PW treatment.

scholarly journals Enhanced Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in Toilet Wastewater by Photo-Fenton Reactive Membrane Filtration

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Shaobin Sun ◽  
Hong Yao ◽  
Xinyang Li ◽  
Shihai Deng ◽  
Shenlong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Apparent Quantum Yield ◽  
Fenton Catalyst ◽  
Reactive Membrane

Pharmaceutical residuals are increasingly detected in natural waters, which made great threat to the health of the public. This study evaluated the utility of the photo-Fenton ceramic membrane filtration toward the removal and degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as a model recalcitrant micropollutant. The photo-Fenton catalyst Goethite (α-FeOOH) was coated on planar ceramic membranes as we reported previously. The removal of SMX in both simulated and real toilet wastewater were assessed by filtering the feed solutions with/without H2O2 and UV irradiation. The SMX degradation rate reached 87% and 92% respectively in the presence of UV/H2O2 for the original toilet wastewater (0.8 ± 0.05 ppb) and toilet wastewater with a spiked SMX concentration of 100 ppb. The mineralization and degradation by-products were both assessed under different degradation conditions to achieve deeper insight into the degradation mechanisms during this photo-Fenton reactive membrane filtration. Results showed that a negligible removal rate (e.g., 3%) of SMX was obtained when only filtering the feed solution through uncoated or catalyst-coated membranes. However, the removal rates of SMX were significantly increased to 67% (no H2O2) and 90% (with H2O2) under UV irradiation, respectively, confirming that photo-Fenton reactions played the key role in the degradation/mineralization process. The highest apparent quantum yield (AQY) reached up to approximately 27% when the H2O2 was 10 mmol·L−1 and UV254 intensity was 100 μW·cm−2. This study lays the groundwork for reactive membrane filtration to tackle the issues from micropollution.

Ultrafiltration of activated sludge with ceramic membranes in a cross-flow membrane bioreactor process

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
X-j. Fan ◽  
V. Urbain ◽  
Y. Qian ◽  
J. Manem
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Chemical Cleaning

A cross-flow membrane bioreactor (MBR) for raw municipal wastewater treatment, consisting of a suspended growth bioreactor and a ceramic membrane ultrafiltration unit, was run over a period of more than 300 days in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Sludge Retention Times (SRT) of 20, 10 and 5 days, respectively, and Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) of 15 and 7.5 hours were tested. Membrane fouling was found to be a function of SRT and permeate flux. Under an SRT of 20 days and flux of 71 l/m2\ · h at 30°C, the MBR was successfully run over 70 days without the need for chemical cleaning. However chemical cleaning had to be undertaken every 3–5 days at shorter sludge retention times (typically an SRT of five days and a flux of 143 l/m2\ · h at 30°C). In this study, fouling materials were removed efficiently through chemical cleaning, with an average permeablity recovery of 87±11%.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration of oil-in-water emulsion by using ceramic membrane: Taguchi experimental design approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jania Milić ◽  
Irena Petrinić ◽  
Andreja Goršek ◽  
Marjana Simonič
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Taguchi Experimental Design ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion

AbstractIn this study, a Taguchi experimental design methodology was used to determine the importance of process parameters influencing the ultrafiltration (UF) of oil-in-water emulsions. Four parameters including pH (5–11), oil concentration (φ) (0.5–3% (v/v)), temperature (T) (25–45°C) and trans-membrane pressure (TMP) (1–5 bar) were studied at three levels. The highest flux was used as optimization criterion. In order to reduce the number of experiments, a Taguchi method was applied. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the most significant parameters affecting the optimization criterion.Filtration experiments were performed in a cross-flow operation at a total recycle condition in a laboratory-scale plant. The ceramic UF membrane with a pore size of 50 nm was employed in a tubular module with an active area of 0,418 m2. We used water-soluble cutting oil mixed with water as a model oil-in-water emulsion. During the experiment, the drop size and zeta potential distributions were evaluated.The optimum conditions for UF providing the highest flux were found at TMP = 5 bar, pH = 7, and φ = 0.5 v/v%. The pH of emulsion had the highest impact on COD retention. The results of this study could be used as a guideline for operating UF systems with ceramic membranes at optimal conditions.

scholarly journals Low cost palm oil fuel ash based ceramic membranes for oily water separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Sheng Tai ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman ◽  
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail ◽  
Mukhlis A Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Oily Water ◽  
Oil Fuel

Ceramic membranes have been gaining so much interest for oily water separation due to their superior characteristics such as good anti-fouling property, superhydrophilic, as well as excellent thermal and chemical stabilities. However, ceramic membranes are very expensive which hinders their uses in large scale applications. Therefore, the aim of our study is to develop a low cost palm oil fuel ash (POFA) based ceramic hollow fiber ceramic membrane for oily water separation application. An asymmetric membrane structure consisting of sponge-like and macrovoid layers were acquired using a combined phase inversion and sintering technique. The membranes were sintered at different temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1150 °C. The sintered membranes were characterized in terms of morphology, mechanical strength, porosity, permeate flux and oil rejection performance. A high oil rejection efficiency of up to 96.0% was obtained for the membrane sintered at 1050 °C with the permeate flux of 185.42 L/m2h at the applied pressure of 3 bar. Based on the comparison with other ceramic membranes reported in the literature, it can be concluded that POFA based ceramic hollow fiber membrane showed a comparable performance and thus can be a promising low cost alternative ceramic membrane for oily water separation application.

scholarly journals New Generation Ceramic Membranes have the Potential of Removing Endotoxins from Dialysis Water and Dialysate

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Czermak ◽  
M. Ebrahimi ◽  
G. Catapano
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Dialysis Water

Poor water properties, use of concentrated bicarbonate, and biofilm growth in pipes and storage tanks often cause dialysis water and dialysate contamination with bacteria and endotoxins. High-flux dialysis with bicarbonate may favor endotoxin transfer from the dialysate into the blood exposing patients to serious short - and long-term side effects. Ultrafiltration across hydrophobic synthetic membranes effectively removes endotoxins from dialysis water by combined filtration and adsorption. However, repeated sterilization worsens the membrane separation properties, and limits their use. Ceramic membranes are generally more resistant to harsh operating conditions than polymeric membranes, and may represent an alternative for endotoxin removal. Previously, we proved that the ceramic membranes commercially available at that time were not retentive enough to ensure production of endotoxin-free dialysis water. In this paper, we investigated the endotoxin removal capacity of new generation commercial ceramic membranes with nominal molecular weight cut-off down to 1,000. In dead-end filtration, all investigated membranes produced water meeting, the European standards, or close to, when challenged with low endotoxin concentrations, but only one membrane type succeeded at high endotoxin concentrations. In cross-flow filtration, none produced water meeting the European standard. Moreover, sterilization and rinsing procedures altered the separation properties of two out of three membrane types.

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