scholarly journals Associations between morpho-agronomic characters in Conilon (Coffea canephora) 8142

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e2229119731
Author(s):  
Mario Euclides Pechara da Costa Jaeggi ◽  
Alex Justino Zacarias ◽  
Israel Martins Pereira ◽  
Richardson Sales Rocha ◽  
Rita de Kássia Guarnier da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Branch Diameter ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The work consisted of the morpho agronomic evaluation of coffee crop under the influence of intercropping with different types of green manures. The experiment was carried out in the Southern Region of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental plot consisted of five plants per experimental unit, using the clone "Incaper 8142" Conilon Vitória, intercropping with different types of green manure plants, which were: guandu beans (Cajanus cajan), pig bean (Canavalia ensiformis), mucuna preta (Mucuna Pruriens) and Mexican margaridão (Tithonia diversifolia) in addition to a control treatment without green manure. The planting consisted of rows adjacent and located in the “upper interline” meaning is not clear of the coffee crop. The morpho agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height, orthotropic branch diameter, plagiotropic branch diameter, number of leaves, number of nodes, number of orthotropic branches, number of plagiotropic branches and productive nodes e productivity green coffee kg/ha, besides the main dependent: The characteristics of greatest direct contribution were number of nodes and number of productive nodes. The species of green fertilizer Mexican Margaridão (Tithonia diversifolia) provided a negative effect on the main variables related to production, and is not recommended for interplanting with robusta coffee.

Path Analysis of Vegetative Characteristics in Conilon Coffee Production Consortiated with Green Fertilizers in Tropical Climate

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mario Euclides Pechara da Costa Jaeggi ◽  
Fábio Cunha Coelho ◽  
Israel Martins Pereira ◽  
Alex Justino Zacarias ◽  
Geraldo de Amaral Gravina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Branch Diameter ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between morphoagronomic characters and coffee productivity and their direct and indirect effects under the influence of different types of green fertilizers. The experiment was carried out in the field followed by the sampling method in a pre-established coffee plantation, installed in soil with a slope of 11% in the Southern Region of the State of Espírito Santo. The intercropping of coffee with green fertilizers studied were pigeon pea, jack bean, velvet bean, and wild Mexican sunflower, as well as a control treatment without green fertilizers. The experimental unit consisted of a coffee plant, clonal variety "Incaper 8142" Conilon Vitoria, with a spacing of 2.30 x 2.60 meters, with a crop age of seven years, using the border of at least one coffee plant between experimental units. Eight morphoagronomic characteristics were measured, having as main dependent variable the productivity (in kg per plant) obtained in the harvest of 2015, and as primary explanatory characteristics: plant height, orthotropic branch diameter, plagiotropic branch diameter, number of leaves, number of nodes, number of orthotropic branches, number of plagiotropic branches and number of productive nodes. To increase productivity, coffee plants with the highest number of orthotropic branches and number of plagiotropic branches should be selected. The characteristics of greater direct contribution were a number of nodes and the number of productive nodes.

scholarly journals Dead Cover and Agronomic Characteristics of Cowpea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Vilson de Souza Rocha ◽  
Ajax de Sousa Ferreira ◽  
Bruna Nogueira Leite ◽  
Carla Coelho Ferreira ◽  
Karla Gabrielle Dutra Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Dead cover, or mulch, consisting of plant residues, plays an important role for the success of diverse agricultural crops, working as an insulating layer protecting the soil from daytime temperature variations and maintaining the soil moist and rich in organic matter. Cowpea is a source of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Its importance in the North, Northeast and Midwest regions of the country is associated with economic and social aspects, since it is an important food for low-income populations, supplying their nutritional needs. This study was carried out under greenhouse conditions in Manaus, state of Amazonas, with the purpose of assessing the effect of different dead covers on the agronomic characteristics of cowpea cultivars. It consisted of a completely randomized design in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement. The treatments comprised four cowpea cultivars (BRS Caldeirão, BRS Tumucumaque, BRS Guariba and BRS Tracuateua) and three species of cover plants (Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria ruziziensis and Mucuna pruriens) and one control treatment, without soil cover, in a total of 16 treatments, with four replications and two plants per experimental unit. Analysis of variance was applied to the data, and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott’s test at 5% probability level. The following characteristics were examined: number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, weight of shoot dry matter, and grain yield. Mulching provided better results for all characteristics assessed in the four cultivars when compared to the control. BRS Caldeirão is the recommended cultivar for the state of Amazonas and the other regions with similar edaphoclimatic characteristics (high air temperature, rainfall, air humidity, and low-fertility tropical soils) because it exhibited the greatest number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, shoot dry matter, and the highest average grain yield (Freire Filho et al., 2011; Souza et al., 2016).

scholarly journals Performance of lettuce in sole cropping and intercropping with green manures

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Clarissa A Negrini ◽  
Paulo César T de Melo ◽  
Edmilson José Ambrosano ◽  
Rogério Haruo Sakai ◽  
Eliana Aparecida Schammass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The performance of lettuce in sole and intercropped with green manures was assessed under different establishment times. The lettuce fresh and dry weight, number of leaves per plant, diameter and length of head, and fresh and dry weight of green manure were evaluated. The intercropping design was additive and both cash and cover crops were planted in rows. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks in split plot scheme, with six replicates. The plots represented the green manure sowing days (0, 20, 40 and 60 before transplanting of lettuce), and the sub-plots were assigned by cropping systems (lettuce in sole crop and intercropped with black oat, cowpea or white lupin). Simultaneous planting in the intercropping did not affect the lettuce performance. However, when the green manures were sown before lettuce, they influenced it in a negative way. Among the green manures, cowpea increased biomass and had a higher negative effect on lettuce performance compared to white lupin, which appeared to produce less competition. The sole crop and the intercropping with simultaneous planting of the green manures resulted in a better lettuce performance.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) PADA BERBAGAI KOMPOSISI MEDIA DENGAN BOKASHI LIMBAH KULIT KOPI

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Nurseha Nurseha ◽  
Risvan Anwar ◽  
Yudianto Yudianto
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leather Waste

This research aimed to determine the effect of media composition leather waste coffea bokashi fertilizer on the growth of coffee seedlings in the nursery playing robusta nursery and determine the best composition that can replace the use of chemical fertilizer in the coffee nursery. This research was conducted in vilage Tugu Rejo subdistrict Kabawetan Kepahiang district Bengkulu province. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) of the factors with 6 (six) treatment that the composition of the growing media bokashi (P). Each composition treatment was repeated four (4) times, in order to obtain 24 units of trial. Each experimental unit there are five (5) polybags, so there are 120 polybags. Each experimental unit was taken three (3) samples. These result indicate that treatment of bokashi fertilizer media leather waste coffe very significant effect on the dry weight of coffee seedlings, significant effect on plant height and weight of the wet, and no real effect on the number of leaves and stem diameter. Effect of medium composition leather waste coffe bokashi fertilizer best demonstarted high value crops 13.63 cm, wet weight of 1.82 g and 0.60 g dry weight. The use of leather waste coffee bokashi fertilizer is able to substitute inorganic fertilizer on seedling nursery play. The use of media with the composition of the piece of land sub soil mixed with four parts bokashi leather waste robusta coffee in the coffee nursery on the main nursery gives good results.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER IN VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF CACATS ( ALOE VERA L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneer & Rabee
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Different Types

An experiment was carried out on the Cactus (Aloe vera L.), two year old plants were planted in one of the fields of Agriculture College - Baghdad University for the season 2015-2016 and planted in pots. The different organic fertilizers used in two (Sewage, poultry manure and sheep manure) and the fertilize used at two levels 7.5% and 5% from the weight of the pot, and organic acid (Com Sol ) at two levels (1.5 and 3) ml and chemical fertilizer NPK (2.5 gm) in addition to control treatment. The experiment carried out within the RCBD with three replicates and four plants for each experimental unit. results were indicated that the sewage treatment at 7.5% caused significantly increased in rates of vegetative characteristics: leaves number (17.43 leaves per plant), offset number (10.57 offset per plant), plant height and width leaf (64.79 and 7.85) cm respectively, thickness leaf (2.24 mm), gel and cortex dry weight (9.96 and 27.21) gm respectively, and amount of chlorophyll (1.948 mg.gm-1 fresh weight) compared to the control treatment.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Zat Alelopati Dari Alang-Alang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Semai Tiga Spesies Akasia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Melda Yanti ◽  
Indriyanto . ◽  
Duryat .
Keyword(s):  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Variance Test ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bartlett Test ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Allelopathy is the compound released by the plants (example: blady grass) to the environtment and where another plants is living and could obstruct or extinguish to another plants.  The purpose of research were to figure out the effect of allelopathy  from the blady grass toward the species of acacia seedlings, to figure out the weakest affected seedling species by blady grass allelopathy, and to figure out interaction between concentration of  extracted blady grass and seedling tree species.  The research was designed based on factorial in a complete random design.  Factor I was the seedlings, consisted of acacia, mangium, and acacia alba, while factor II was concentration of extracted blady grass allelopathy, consisted of non extracted allelopathy, extracted allelopathy 25%, extracted allelopathy 50%, extracted allelopathy 75%, and extracted allelopathy 100%. Every treatment was repeated 5 times. The number of the seedlings for each experimental unit was two seeding. The observed variables  were height, diameter of the stem, number of leaves, and living percentage of the seedlings.  This observation data was tested by Bartlett test to find the variance homogenity.  Then it was analyzed by using variance analysis, and tested by least significant difference (LSD).  The calculation were done at 5% significant level.  The result of this research showed that allelopathy of blady grass were significan to the growth of acacia, mangium and acacia alba seedlings. Based on the LSD at 5% was known that the concentrate of blady grass allelopathy had strongest negative effect to the growth seedlings was 100%.  Seedling that was the most resistant to the allelopathy of blady grass is mangium seedling.  It was known from the analysis of variance test there was an interaction between the seedling and the concentration of blady grass allelopathy that effect the height, leaves number, living percentage ofseedlings.  Key words : allelopathy, blady grass, and acacia

scholarly journals Condicionadores alternativos de substrato na qualidade da muda e produtividade de couve manteiga

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Nilciléia Mendes Silva ◽  
Antônio Carlos Simões ◽  
Gisley Karoline Emerick Bitancourt Alves ◽  
Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira ◽  
Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Organic Compost

<p>Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de condicionadores de substrato na qualidade da muda e produtividade de couve manteiga cv. Geórgia. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de substratos orgânicos contendo os seguintes condicionadores: Casca de arroz carbonizada; Fibra casca de coco; Composto orgânico puro; Estipe de palmeira ouricurí picado; Caule decomposto de sumaúma e Substrato comercial, que foi utilizado como tratamento controle . Foi instalado um experimento em viveiro e outro em campo, ambos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, sendo a unidade experimental de 10 mudas no viveiro e 08 plantas em campo, foi realizado no período de março a julho de 2013 no Sítio Ecológico Seridó em Rio Branco, AC. Avaliou-se aos 30 dias após a semeadura o índice de qualidade de muda, a massa seca da parte aérea e raiz das mudas de couve, e no experimento à campo, aos 70 dias após o transplantio avaliou-se a massa seca da parte aérea, massa fresca comercial, produtividade, massa média de folha fresca e número de folha por planta. Substratos contendo composto orgânico puro ou condicionadores de casca de arroz carbonizada, fibra de coco ou estipe de palmeira produzem mudas com qualidade superior. Porém, a inferioridade das mudas produzidas com substrato de caule decomposto de sumaúma não diminui a produtividade da couve.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Alternative substrate conditioners in seedling quality and yield of kale</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Objective was to evaluate the effect of substrate conditioners in the quality of seedling and productivity of kale cv. Geórgia. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of the organic substrates: carbonized rice husk, coconut shell fiber, organic compost, chopped palm stipe, decomposed kapok stem and commercial substrate, used as control treatment. An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse and another in the field, the both following the randomized blocks design, with four replications, and the experimental unit of 10 seedlings in the greenhouse and eight plants in the field, from March to July 2013, in Sítio Ecológico Seridó in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil. Was evaluated at 30 days after sowing the seedling quality index, dry mass of shoots and roots of kale, and in experiment of field, 70 days after transplanting to the evaluated the dry mass of the aerial part, commercial fresh weight, yield, mass fresh leaf and number of leaves per plant. The substrate containing organic compost or conditioner of carbonized rice husk, coconut shell fiber or chopped palm stipe produced seedlings with the highest quality. However, the inferiority of seedlings produced with decomposed kapok stem substrate does not reduce productivity of kale.<strong></strong></p>

Effects of ball properties on throwing in young team-handball beginners

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110236
Author(s):  
Frowin Fasold ◽  
Benjamin Noël ◽  
André Nicklas ◽  
Fabian Lukac ◽  
Stefanie Klatt
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Throwing Accuracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Study Participants

Throwing a ball is a primary skill in team-handball and can be directly influenced by the properties of different types of balls. Therefore, the use of different balls (i.e., methodic ball) recommended by the handball federations (e.g., IHF) and the education guidelines, are important in teaching throwing. Previous studies have shown that movement patterns and throwing velocity can be influenced by different ball types and sizes. However, the influence of these factors on throwing accuracy has not been investigated in detail yet. This study aims to replicate the findings of previous studies on increasing throwing velocity in children by comparing the use of a soft methodic ball with a size 0 handball. Furthermore, this study investigates the influence of these balls on throwing accuracy. In an experimental study, participants (10-years of age) threw a soft methodic ball and a size 0 ball at target areas in a handball goal. For all the throws, throwing velocity and accuracy were measured. Commensurate with previous research, throwing velocity was higher for the soft methodic ball compared to a size 0 ball. No difference was found in accuracy, although, it is worth mentioning that the participants were only experienced in throwing using the size 0 ball. Moreover, only one-third of the children favored throwing with a size 0 ball, which is what they are used to in training and competition. The results of our study, therefore, confirm that using soft methodic balls additionally, positively influences the throwing velocity and has no negative effect on the accuracy in throwing among young handball beginners.

scholarly journals Application of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCH1 for the Bioconservation of Cooked Sausage Made from Mechanically Separated Poultry Meat

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1576
Author(s):  
Beata Łaszkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Szymański ◽  
Dorota Zielińska ◽  
Danuta Kołożyn-Krajewska
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrite Level ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Nitrates Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The aim of the research was an assessment of the effect of the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCH1 strain isolated from ecological raw fermented pork roast on pH, redox potential, nitrites, and nitrates content, L a* b* color parameters, total heme pigments content, nitrosyl myoglobin concentration, as well as the microbiological quality and sensory traits of cooked sausages produced from mechanically separated poultry meat (MSPM), cured with a lower sodium nitrite level (NaNO2 50 mg/kg) after production as well as after storage (1 and 3 weeks of storage). The biochemical identification of the Lactobacillus bacteria after storage was also performed. Tests were performed in two sausage treatments: C—control sausage made from MSPM and L—sausage made from MSPM inoculated with L. plantarum at approx. 107 cfu/g. No negative effect of using the L. plantarum SCH1 strain on the physical and chemical MSPM sausage features was found. The treatment with L. plantarum SCH1 was of better microbiological quality after 3 weeks of storage. The sausages with L. plantarum SCH1 kept good sensory quality while the control treatment was spoiled after storage.

Do Development and Democracy Positively Affect Gender Equality in Cabinets?

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN HÖGSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIt has been argued that economic development and democracy create new opportunities and resources for women to access political power, which should increase gender equality in politics. However, empirical evidence from previous research that supports this argument is mixed. The contribution of this study is to expand the research on gender equality in politics through an in-depth examination of the effect of development and democracy on gender equality in cabinets. This has been completed through separate analyses that include most of the countries in the world across three levels of development (least-developed, developing, and developed) and across different types of political regimes (democracies, royal dictatorships, military dictatorships, and civilian dictatorships). The results demonstrate that economic development and democracy only affect gender equality in cabinets positively in a few environments. Accordingly, the context is important and there seem to be thresholds before development and democracy have any effect. Development has a positive effect in developed countries and in democracies, but it has a negative effect in dictatorships, and the negative effect is strongest in military dictatorships. The level of democracy has a positive effect mainly in dictatorships, and the strongest effect is in civilian dictatorships. The article demonstrates the importance of dividing samples into subsets to increase understanding of what affects women's representation in cabinets in different environments, and I ask scholars to subset samples and run separate analyses more often in comparative studies.

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