Formation of temperature regime of permafrost soils of the bases of buildings at the territory of multi-storey housing development of the city of Yakutsk

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Capital Construction ◽  
The City ◽  
Observation Period

The results of long-term observations of the temperature regime of soils in the territory of the Yakutsk, as the largest city, built under the conditions of permafrost soils are presented. The process of forming the temperature regime of permafrost soils of bases of buildings and structures is considered. The main factors and regularities of the process are analyzed. The dynamics of temperature changes in permafrost soils at a depth of 10 meters over the entire observation period is presented. The results are compared with the data of other researchers. Measures are proposed to improve the monitoring of thermal regime of the foundations of capital buildings under the conditions of preservation of permafrost soils. The tendencies and regularities of the formation of the temperature regime of the soils of the foundations of buildings and structures in the territory of capital construction under the conditions of the cryolithozone are revealed. Relationship with climatic and technogenic impacts, as well as with problems arising during the operation of buildings and structures, has been established. The research results can be taken into account when designing and constructing buildings and structures in other areas of permafrost with similar geocryological conditions. Recommendations on the technical regulation of temperature regime monitoring of permafrost soils of the cryolithozone have been developed.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LOCAL UV RADIATION ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE SKIN OF GUINEA PIGS IN EARLY AND REMOTE PERIODS AFTER IRRADIATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-707
Author(s):  
Tetyana V. Zvyagintseva ◽  
Svitlana I. Myronchenko ◽  
Nataliia I. Kytsiuk ◽  
Olga V. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Morphological Picture ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Observation Period

The aim is to establish the features of morphological and morphometric changes in the skin of guinea pigs in erythemal, early post-erythemal and late post-erythemic periods after local ultraviolet irradiation. Materials and methods: Studies were conducted on 54 albino guinea pigs weighing 400-500 g. Ultraviolet erythema was caused by irradiation in 1 minimum erythemal dose. The control group included intact guinea pigs. After 2, 4 hours, on the 3rd, 8th, 15th, 21st, 28th day, the fragments of the irradiated skin were investigated using histochemical and morphometric methods. Results: After 2, 4 hours after irradiation, dyscirculatory changes in the skin develop. By the 3rd day of the experiment a morphological picture of acute inflammation in the epidermis and dermis develops, apoptotic keratinocytes appear (sunburn cells), which is accompanied by thickening of the epidermis and an increase in the density of fibroblasts. By the 8th day proliferative-hyperplastic and degenerative changes begin to prevail, including dystrophic nature, the thickness of the epidermis and the density of fibroblasts reach a maximum. In the long term, on the 15-28th day, dystrophic changes of the epidermis, dyskeratosis, changes in the number and structure of elastic fibers with an increase in uneven fibrosis, collagenization processes and the development of sclerotic changes, as well as a significant thickening of the epidermis, an increase in the density of fibroblasts are observed. Conclusions: The data obtained indicate pronounced morphofunctional changes in the skin in the zone of local ultraviolet irradiation observed throughout the entire observation period.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Changes in Long-Term Average Annual River Runoff in the Lake Sevan Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Varduhi Margaryan ◽  
Gennady Tsibul'skii ◽  
Ksenia Raevich
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lake Sevan ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Instrumental Observations ◽  
Observation Period

In the work, long-term fluctuations in the annual runoff of rivers flowing into lake Sevan were identified, analyzed and evaluated. As the source material, daily data of long-term actual instrumental observations of the annual runoff of rivers flowing into the lake, as well as air temperature and atmospheric precipitation of the lake basin for the entire observation period were used.

LONG-TERM VARIABILITY OF STATISTICAL PARAMETERS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE AVERAGE ANNUAL WATER FLOW OF UKRAINE’S RIVERS WITH LONG SERIES OF OBSERVATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
A.I. Ocheretnyuk ◽  
O.I. Lukіanets
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City ◽  
Observation Period

The purpose of the study is to study and analyze the long-term variability of the statistical parameters of the distribution of the average annual water flow (norms, variation coefficients, and asymmetry) of the rivers of Ukraine, which have long series of observations. For this, we used the sequence of observations of the average annual water discharge at hydrological posts: river Dniester – the city of Zalishchyky, an observation period of the year 1882-2015; river Prut – the city of Chernivtsi, 1895-2015; river Desna – the city of Chernihiv 1895-2015; river Pripyat -the city of Mozyr, 1882-2014; river Southern Bug – the city of Alexandrovka, 1914-2015; river Danube – the city of Reni, 1861-2015; river Dnipro – the village of Lotsmanskaya Kamenka, 1818-2015. The duration of actual continuous observations varies from 102 to 155 years. The longest series of average annual water discharges was 198 years (the Dnieper River – the village of Lotsmanskaya Kamenka), but it consists of observations (1818-1961 – 144 years) and restored (1962-2015 – 54 years). To identify the long-term variability of the main parameters of the distribution of the average annual water flow, a comparison method is used. In our case, we compared the main statistical parameters of the rivers understudy for individual 30-year periods – sequential and with an overlap of 15 years – with the main parameters that were determined for the entire observation period. The determination of the average absolute deviations of the main statistical parameters for 30-year periods from the parameters for a long-term period, defined in %, made it possible to analyze the degree of their long-term variability. Slight variation in time has runoff norms and variation coefficients, which can be considered the most stable distribution parameters. In a long-term section, the variability of these parameters for runoff norms is in the range from 2 % to 14 %, for variation coefficients – from 7 % to 23 %. It should be noted that the highest percent deviations (14 % and 23 %, respectively) are for the observed average annual flow of water on the river Prut – the city of Chernivtsi, which turned out to be heterogeneous according to the Fisher criterion. The greatest amplitude of time variability falls on asymmetry coefficients, for which the average absolute deviation of parameters over 30-year periods from parameters over a long-term period for the studied rivers is in the range from 29 % to 98 %.

DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE AVERAGE ANNUAL TEMPERATURE OF THE CITY OF AHVAZ, KHUZESTAN PROVINCE, IRAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
T.M. Ryashentseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Applied Statistics ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Southwestern Iran ◽  
The City

The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of changes in the average annual air temperature of Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran in the period from 1970-2020, and also to compile models of growth dynamics using statistical analysis methods and models. The object of research is the data on the temperature °C in the territory of the province of Khuzestan for a long-term period. The data on temperature changes was analyzed, and the long-term series of dynamics of the average annual air temperature in the city of Ahvaz was explored. Methods of applied statistics were used for the analysis. In particular, the apparatus of regression analysis and time series modeling. The statistical quality of the obtained mathematical regression models was estimated.

scholarly journals Software development and implementation for calculation of freezing/thawing standard depth

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-179
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Grigoreva ◽  
Yu. I. Ignatova ◽  
A. G. Chugunov ◽  
D. S. Klimentev ◽  
A. P. Korolyova
Keyword(s):  
Correct Choice ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Climate Station ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Observation Results

During field facilities construction in permafrost conditions, it is necessary to use modern design solutions and new software products.High-quality and reliable engineering surveys are required to study permafrost soils and identify the main factors of geotechnical engineering conditions. One of the most important characteristics of permafrost conditions is the standard depth of seasonal soil freezing/thawing.According to the SNiP requirements, the depth calculation of the of freezing/thawing can be determined by using thermotechnical calculations in the absence long-term observation results. This calculation is associated with the conversion of one unit of measure to another, determination of physical and thermophysical parameters of soil, correct choice of a climate station, and data recording.The proposed software for calculating the standard depths of thawing and freezing will allow optimizing the calculations. The paper describes the algorithm and advantages of the software operation and use.

Impact of the urban construction solutions on the safety population

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
R. D. Oktyabrskiy
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Safety Population ◽  
Peace And War ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the justification of the need to reduce the population density in the residential development of cities. The analysis of vulnerability of the urban population from threats of emergency situations of peace and war time, and also an assessment of provision of the city by a road network is given. Proposals have been formulated to reduce the vulnerability of the urban population in the long term and to eliminate traffic congestion and congestion — jams.

Turkish Muslims in a German city: Entrepreneurial and residential self-determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sarah Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
German City ◽  
Post War ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Term Objective

Drawing upon a collection of oral history interviews, this paper offers an insight into entrepreneurial and residential patterns and behaviour amongst Turkish Muslims in the German city of Bremen. The academic literature has traditionally argued that Turkish migrants in Germany have been pushed into self-employment, low-quality housing and segregated neighbourhoods as a result of discrimination, and poor employment and housing opportunities. Yet the interviews reveal the extent to which Bremen’s Turkish Muslims’ performances and experiences have overwhelmingly been the consequences of personal choices and ambitions. For many of the city’s Turkish Muslim entrepreneurs, self-employment had been a long-term objective, and they have succeeded in establishing and running their businesses in the manner they choose with regards to location and clientele, for example. Similarly, interviewees stressed the way in which they were able to shape their housing experiences by opting which districts of the city to live in and by purchasing property. On the whole, they perceive their entrepreneurial and residential practices as both consequences and mediums of success, integration and a loyalty to the city of Bremen. The findings are contextualised within the wider debate regarding the long-term legacy of Germany’s post-war guest-worker system and its position as a “country of immigration”.

Studies of rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in the condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Rahima I. Ismoilova ◽  
Sodzhida D. Umarova
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
Phenological Observation ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Leaf System ◽  
Observation Period

This paper is about studying the rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan. Each type of rootstock has its own biological characteristics and imposes specific requirements for growing and development, both during reproduction in the mother plantation and during the growth of trees. For example, the root system in sour cherry is more superficial that of wild sweet cherry. Therefore, the care of trees grafted on sour cherry and wild cherry and of mother plantation bushes of these rootstocks cannot be same. Besides, there are very significant differences among the individual groups of rootstocks. Wild cherry, Mahaleb cherry and Lubskaya cherry are used as rootstocks in the conditions of the Hissar Valley in Tajikistan. High specificity of sweet cherry cultivar varieties depends on the rootstocks. Phenological observation were carried out in our experiments during years 2013-2018 in order to study their winter resistance, yield capacity and fruit quality. The same care for root and grafted plants was carried out during the entire observation period. At the same time a certain ratio between the leaf system of the rootstock and the graft was maintained by trimming the crown. As a result of the evolution and selection, we have identified the wild cherry forms which are distinguished by the highest yields. The most valuable cultivar varieties are Napoleon cherry and Bagration cherry. Compotes made of these varieties have received high evaluation in tasting.

Tertiary nitrification in pilot-plant plug-flow fixed-film reactors with long-term ammonium deficiency

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fruhen ◽  
K. Böcker ◽  
S. Eidens ◽  
D. Haaf ◽  
M. Liebeskind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Industrial Project ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Film Reactor ◽  
Observation Period

The objective of this study is to investigate to what extent the nitrification capacity of a pilot-plant fixed-film reactor changes during extensive periods of nutrient supply deficiency. The examined pilot-plant was an upflow reactor filled with swelling clay of medium grain size (6 to 8 mm). The experiments revealed that the maximum nitrification rate remained practically constant during the first weeks after the onset of unregulated ammonium supply. The capacity declined slowly, dropping to approximately 66% of the initial capacity after about ten weeks. Still ammonium peaks of up to 8 mg/l were readily nitrified throughout the entire period of the experiment. The reduction in nitrification capacity during the observation period did not result from decay processes of biomass but from the reactor becoming blocked and thus hampering transfer processes. It could be observed that the detached organisms attached again further up. This semi-industrial project demonstrated that a plug-flow fixed-film reactor can be used as effective means of tertiary nitrification.

International Opera in Nineteenth-century New York

2020 ◽  
pp. 244-269
Author(s):  
Karen Ahlquist
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
World War I ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
World War ◽  
Metropolitan Opera ◽  
The City

This chapter charts how canonic repertories evolved in very different forms in New York City during the nineteenth century. The unstable succession of entrepreneurial touring troupes that visited the city adapted both repertory and individual pieces to the audience’s taste, from which there emerged a major theater, the Metropolitan Opera, offering a mix of German, Italian, and French works. The stable repertory in place there by 1910 resembles to a considerable extent that performed in the same theater today. Indeed, all of the twenty-five operas most often performed between 1883 and 2015 at the Metropolitan Opera were written before World War I. The repertory may seem haphazard in its diversity, but that very condition proved to be its strength in the long term. This chapter is paired with Benjamin Walton’s “Canons of real and imagined opera: Buenos Aires and Montevideo, 1810–1860.”

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