The Department of Restoration and Examination of Works of Art of the Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts in the History of Restoration in Slobozhanshchyna

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (02) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
V. Shulika ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the scientific, practical and pedagogical experience of the Department of Restoration and Examination of Works of Art of the Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts throughout its existence in the context of the development of this industry in the historical territory of Sloboda Ukraine. The REWA department of KSADA is the only educational institution in the East of Ukraine that trains artists-restorers of easel and monumental painting, specialists in expertise. Over the years, the department has restored many hundreds of works of art, and graduates of the department successfully work in restoration and museum institutions in Ukraine and the EU. The establishment of the REWA department was preceded by a long historical process of restoration activities in the region, which dates back to the second half of the seventeenth century, the time of the founding of Slobozhanshchyna. The first local restorers were icon painters, who were invited to perform works of art in cities and monasteries. Later, in the nineteenth century, the role of restorers was performed by local, including well-known, painters (I. Bunakov, I. Kulikovsky, M. Uvarov). Restoration education in Slobozhanshchyna dates back to 1902, when the training and icon-painting workshop was opened in Sloboda Borysivka, where the restoration of icon-painting was taught for the first time in the historical Ukrainian lands. During the First World War, the unveiling of the icon of St. Nicholas of Miletus Monastery became a significant event in Kharkiv (1915). In the 1920s and 1930s well-known restorers and representatives of related professions who mastered the profession of a restorer (M. Kasperovych, I. Sviatenko, P. Fomin, etc.), worked in Kharkiv. A restoration workshop operated at the Ukrainian Art Gallery in 1930s, and in 1938 the first Ukrainian-language edition on this subject was published and a separate section devoted to restoration (V. Lokhanko “Artistic Materials and Painting Techniques”). In 1984, Kharkiv branch of the State Research and Restoration Workshops was opened. Higher restoration education in Slobozhanshchyna was started in 1988, as a section of painting restoration, which was transformed into an independent graduating department in 1994. Teachers and students of the department within the educational process carry out practical restoration of works of art, monitoring of private and museum collections, the state of preservation of monumental paintings. They develop and improve methods of restoration, publish and patent developments and discoveries. The Department of REWA is constantly working on improvement of teaching and methods of evaluating the work of students, planning to open new educational programs.

scholarly journals Varvara Platonivna Kandyba (Frederix) – head of the Odessa institute of emperor Nicholas I

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Anna Korobcuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Scientific Objective ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interpretive Method ◽  
First Time

One of the most prominent figures among the staff of the Odessa Institute of Emperor Nicholas I (Odessa Institute of Noble Ladies) was Varvara Platonovna Kandyba. The purpose of the article is to disclose the professional activities of V. P. Kandyba as the head of the Odessa Institute of Emperor Nicholas I, and through the prism of a biography to trace some aspects of the functioning of the educational institution. The scientific novelty is that for the first time the biography of V. P. Kandyba. The research methods are based on the main principles of historicist tradition, scientific objective, comprehensive approach. Author in the article use the biographical interpretive method, comparative, narrative analysis. Conclusions. For 29 years, almost a third of the entire existence of the educational institution, the leadership was headed by Varvara Kandyba. Despite difficult years in the history of the empire, the teacher brought up a whole galaxy of girls who in the future realized themselves in various spheres of life. She took a high and responsible position as a graduate of one of the Institutes of Noble Ladies, which gave the opportunity to know the specifics of education and the educational process in a closed institution.

From the history of the military past of composer and conductor Boris Galaev

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Felix S. Kireev
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Musical Activity ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World

Boris Alexandrovich Galaev is known as an outstanding composer, folklorist, conductor, educator, musical and public figure. He has a great merit in the development of musical culture in South Ossetia. All the musical activity of B.A. Galaev is studied and analyzed in detail. In most of the biographies of B.A. Galaev about his participation in the First World War, there is only one proposal that he served in the army and was a bandmaster. For the first time in historiography the participation of B.A. Galaev is analyzed, and it is found out what positions he held, what awards he received, in which battles he participated. Based on the identified documentary sources, for the first time in historiography, it occured that B.A. Galaev was an active participant in the First World War on the Caucasian Front. He went on attacks, both on foot and horse formation, was in reconnaissance, maintained communication between units, received military awards. During this period, he did not have time to study his favorite music, since, according to the documents, he was constantly at the front, in the battle formations of the advanced units. He had to forget all this heroic past and tried not to mention it ever after. Therefore, this period of his life was not studied by the researchers of his biography. For writing this work, the author uses the Highest Orders on the Ranks of the Military and the materials of the Russian State Military Historical Archive (RSMHA).

THE PROJECT OF STAGING "KHOVANSHCHINA" BY M. P. MUSSORGSKY IN B.V. ASAFYEV’S ORCHESTRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
V. A. Aleksandrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
National Museum ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Orchestral Score ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the history of an unrealized performance of M. P. Mussorgsky’s opera "Khovanshchina" orchestrated by B. V. Asafyev. On the basis of archival documents, stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, the Russian National Museum of Music, Central State Archive of Literature and Art of Saint Petersburg, the Bolshoi Theatre Museum, most of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, studied the circumstances under which the opera was planned to be staged in the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet (nowadays — the Mariinsky Theatre). Fragments from the reports of the Artistic Council of Opera at the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet meetings, the correspondence between B. V. Asafyev and P. A. Lamm, the manuscript "P. A. Lamm. A Biography" by O. P. Lamm and other unpublished archival documents are cited. The author comes to the conclusion that most attempts to perform "Khovanshchina" were hindered by the difficult socio-political circumstances of the 1930s, while the existing assumptions about the creative failure of the Asafyev’s orchestration don’t find clear affirmation, neither in historical documents, nor in the existing manuscript of the orchestral score.

The 1912 Duma Elections: The State, the Opposition and the Clergy

Orthodoxia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
F. A. Gayda
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

This article deals with the political situation around the elections to the State Duma of the Russian Empire in 1912 (4th convocation). The main actors of the campaign were the government, local administration, liberal opposition and the clergy of the Orthodox Russian Church. After the 1905 revolution, the “official Church” found itself in a difficult situation. In particular, anti-Church criticism intensified sharply and was expressed now quite openly, both in the press and from the rostrum of the Duma. A consequence of these circumstances was that in this Duma campaign, for the first time in the history of Russian parliamentarianism, “administrative resources” were widely used. At the same time, the authorities failed to achieve their political objectives. The Russian clergy became actively involved in the election campaign. The government sought to use the conflict between the liberal majority in the third Duma and the clerical hierarchy. Duma members launched an active criticism of the Orthodox clergy, using Grigory Rasputin as an excuse. Even staunch conservatives spoke negatively about Rasputin. According to the results of the election campaign, the opposition was even more active in using the label “Rasputinians” against the Holy Synod and the Russian episcopate. Forty-seven persons of clerical rank were elected to the House — three fewer than in the previous Duma. As a result, the assembly of the clergy elected to the Duma decided not to form its own group, but to spread out among the factions. An active campaign in Parliament and the press not only created a certain public mood, but also provoked a political split and polarization within the clergy. The clergy themselves were generally inclined to blame the state authorities for the public isolation of the Church. The Duma election of 1912 seriously affected the attitude of the opposition and the public toward the bishopric after the February revolution of 1917.

scholarly journals Pages of the history of Ossetian art: national opera studio at the moscow conservatory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Батагова
Keyword(s):  
Musical Theater ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
National Opera ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Strategy

Данная статья посвящена одному из аспектов становления и раз- вития осетинского национального музыкального театра. Раскрывается исто- рия создания и функционирования Осетинской оперной студии при Московской государственной консерватории. Формирование национальных оперных студий явилось одной из составляющих государственной стратегии по ускоренному развитию музыкального искусства в национальных республиках. Выпускники Осетинской оперной студии составили основу Оперного ансамбля (1951), а за- тем и оперной труппы национального музыкального театра (1958, 1972). Осо- бое внимание автор уделил изучению архивных документов, материалов прес- сы, раскрывающих особенности учебного процесса и творческой деятельности студийцев. This article is devoted to one of the aspects of formation and development of the Ossetian national musical theater. The history of the creation and functioning of the Ossetian Opera Studio at the Moscow State Conservatory is revealed. The formation of national Opera studios was one of the components of the state strategy for the accelerated development of musical art in the national republics. Graduates of the Ossetian opera studio formed the basis of the Opera ensemble (1951), and then the Opera Сompany of the National Musical Theater (1958, 1972). The author paid special attention to the study of archival documents and press materials that reveal the features of the educational process and creative activities of students.

scholarly journals Psychological Features of Pedagogical Interaction in the “Teacher-Student” System

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Olga O. Hreilikh ◽  
Natalia O. Vydolob
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Psychological Features

The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the importance of interaction between teachers and students in modern higher education, as well as the need to cover the psychological features of such interaction from the point of view of developing a qualitative assessment of their role and place in the educational process of a higher educational institution. The purpose of the study is to formulate psychological aspects of “teacher-student” communication within the educational space to identify methods of its regulation. The leading approach of the research is a combination of theoretical analysis of the main aspects of pedagogical interaction between teachers and students in an educational institution taking into account the main functions and tasks of each of the groups under consideration and structural synthesis of the features of this type of interaction based on psychological factors of communication on the scale of a higher educational institution. The research considers issues related to the psychological features of pedagogical interaction between teachers and students in modern higher education. Qualitative indicators of communicative relations of subjects of the educational process, in particular teachers and students, are determined. The key psychological features of pedagogical interaction in the “teacherstudent” system are highlighted, including the development of trust in the authority of the teacher, taking into account students' individual factors in the process of studying subjects within the programme, maintaining a positive psychological climate in subject-subject relations. The necessity of developing a qualitative assessment of the level of communication between teachers and students as an objective factor for further assessment of the overall level of their pedagogical interaction effectiveness and the psychological characteristics of each of the groups under consideration is emphasised. The results and conclusions of the research are of practical value both for modern applicants for higher education and for representatives of the teaching staff of modern higher educational institutions concerned with the problems of building high-quality communication among each other, taking into account the individual characteristics and qualities of each group

scholarly journals ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ И СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ОРЕНБУРГСКОГО ИНСТИТУТА НАРОДНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В 1919-1921 гг.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
S.V. Lyubichankovskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
State Archives

On the basis of archival documents extracted from the funds of the State Archives of the Orenburg Region, the article reconstructs the process of organizing a new higher educational institution of pedagogical profi le in Orenburg - the Institute of Public Education. The fi rst stage of its development (1919-1921), associated with the formation of this educational institution, the creation of its material base, the formation of the staff and the structure of the educational process, is considered.

scholarly journals The Interaction of the State Museum Fund and Museums of the Tatar ASSR in the 1920s

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Gerasimova
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
The State ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Art Collections ◽  
Art Collection ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
History Of ◽  
Private Museums ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to one of the Soviet State’s policy directions at the first stage of its existence, aimed at the preservation of cultural va­lues and the formation of museum art collections. The poorly studied question about the features of this policy implementation is revealed on the example of the TASSR (Kazan Province — before May 1920), where in the 1920s a whole network of museums was created; almost in each of them, an art department was organized. The appeal to this topic is relevant in connection with the opening of a large number of public and private museums, which face similar challenges, as well as the active scientific activities of museums to study their own collections, in the framework of creation of the State Catalogue of the Museum Fund of the Russian Federation. For the first time, the article introduces into scientific circulation a number of sources, on the basis of which the main directions of this activity, as well as the museums’ art collections themselves, are analyzed. In the TASSR, the interaction with the State Museum Fund (SMF) was carried out by the Department for Museums and Protection of Monuments of Art, Anti­quities and Nature, employees of which (P.M. Dulsky and P.E. Kornilov) were engaged not only in organization of the artworks’ transferring to museums, but also in their selection. The article states that, thanks to the SMF, the Central Museum of the TASSR had the most complete and valuable art collection, and an interesting collection was formed in the Kozmodemyansky District Museum, which was part of the Kazan Province until 1920. This study shows that the SMF was an important and effective mechanism for the implementation of state policy in the field of culture: its activities contributed to the creation of provincial museums’ collections, based on scientific principles and aimed at presenting the history of fine arts development.

scholarly journals Taras Shevchenko in Reflections of the Cyril and Methodius Society Members

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sеrhii Svіtlenko
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Native People ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Cultural Revival ◽  
National Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychological Influence ◽  
First Time

The article aims to study the personality of Taras Shevchenko in the reflections of the Cyril and Methodius Society Members. The investigators of the figures of the Cyril and Methodius Society, the epistolary and memoir legacy of the participants of the Ukrainian National Movement and their sympathizers are analyzed. As a result, it is argued that the Cyril and Methodius Society Members had fruitful intellectual contacts with T. Shevchenko, knew well and highly respected his work, realized the importance of the poet as a true Ukrainian populist, who made a significant contribution to the national-cultural revival of Ukrainian culture and the creation of a Ukrainian national consciousness It was proved that the activities of the Cyril and Methodius completely coincided with the meaning of Shevchenkoʼs poetic creativity, while the charismatic personality of Kobzar organically entered into the intellectual core of the Cyril and Methodius Society circle, and made a powerful moral and psychological influence on the conscious Ukrainian youth. Members of the Cyril and Methodius Society appreciated the uncompromisingness, courage, radicalism, and deep folk of Shevchenkoʼs poetry. Ukrainian patriotism, patriotism for the fate of the native people united T. Shevchenko with other figures of the society, despite some ideological differences. Progressive Ukrainian youth valued Kobzar for great poetry talent, artistic plastic, extraordinary melodic singing, penetrating mind, deep vital sensibility and, at the same time, unique comic, humor and satire. At the same time, communicating with ideological supporters gav T. Shevchenko a new creative inspiration. During this period the Ukrainian poet was in a state of creative exaltation. It is concluded that the reflections of the Members of the Cyril and Mefodius Society, especially M. I. Kostomarov, P. O. Kulish, G. L. Andruzsky, V. M. Bilozersky, M. I. Gulak, O. D. Tulub, and others, written as during the life of T. Shevchenko, and retrospectively, is an important historical source of life and activity of Kobzar, one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian national elite. The empirical article is written on various documentary and narrative primary sources, for the first time actualizes the problem of historical memory in the Ukrainian national movement at the beginning of its cultural-political stage, contains the original generalizations and conclusions regarding T. Shevchenko as a Ukrainian nation рорulist and harbinger of the Ukrainian national idea in reflections of the Cyril and Methodius Society Members. The material of the article may have practical application in scientific studios on the history of the Ukrainian national movement and the educational process of higher education.

scholarly journals O. S. Kyrychuk, I.V. Orlevych. Lviv Stauropegian Institute (1788–1914s). The Role in the Socio-Political, Cultural and Religious Life of Ukrainians in Galicia. Lviv: Logos, 2018. 288 p.

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Yulia Shustova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Charitable Activities ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World

The article reviews the monograph by Alexandra Kirichuk and Irina Orlevich, which examines the activities of the Lviv Stavropigi Institute. This organization played a significant role in the socio-political, religious, cultural, educational, scientific life of the Ukrainians in Galicia. It arose as a result of the reform of the Lvov Ukspensky Stavropigian brotherhood in 1788. The chronological framework of the work covers the period from the transformation of the Lvov brotherhood into the Stavropigian Institute in 1788 until the outbreak of the First World War. More than a century of the organization's activity is considered in the broadest context of the spheres of public life in Lviv and Western Ukraine. The study was written on the basis of sources that are diverse in their species structure. Most of the sources are archival documents and are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The authors gave a detailed description of the legal and financial foundations of the activities of the Lviv Stavropigi Institute. The monograph provides a description of the achievements and failures of the Lviv Stavropegia in different spheres of public life in different periods. – The authors examined in detail the national-political, church-religious, cultural, educational, publishing and charitable activities of Stavropigia. The monograph by О. Kirichuk and I. Orleviy is a significant contribution to the study of the history of one of the most important institutions in the Ukrainian lands in the last quarter of the 18th – early 20th centuries.

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