scholarly journals Exploring Binder and Solvent for Depositing Activated Carbon Electrode on Indium–Tin-Oxide Substrate to Prepare Supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 911-920
Author(s):  
Young Mook Choi ◽  
Sang-Eun Chun
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Rate Performance ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Conductive Agent

Supercapacitor electrode slurry is prepared for mass production by mixing activated carbon powder, conductive agent, and binder, which is then deposited on a substrate using the doctor-blade method. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) are used as binder and solvent, respectively, to form the electrode slurry on a metal substrate. In this study, ethyl cellulose (EC) is evaluated as a binder to prepare an electrode on an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) substrate obtaining transparent supercapacitors. Terpineol and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) are compared as suitable solvents for the EC binder. When terpineol is employed as a solvent, the conductive agent is uniformly deposited around the activated carbon powder. An electrode prepared using EC and terpineol exhibits slightly lower specific capacitance and rate performance than that using conventional PVDF and NMP. However, the electrode prepared using EC and terpineol securely adheres to the electrode components, resulting in a robust electrode. In contrast, an electrode prepared using EC and IPA exhibits high charge transfer resistance at the interface of the electrode/electrolyte, leading to a low specific capacitance and rate performance. Thus, ecofriendly EC and terpineol can substitute the conventional PVDF and NMP for depositing activated carbon powder on an ITO substrate, while improving the specific capacitance of manufactured electrodes.

Characteristics of Perovskite Solar Cells with ZnGa2O4:Mn Phosphor Mixed Polyvinylidene Fluoride Down-Conversion Layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-860
Author(s):  
Ji Yong Hwang ◽  
II Tae Kim ◽  
Hyung Wook Choi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cell ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Down Conversion

To reduce the manufacturing cost of perovskite solar cells, soda-lime glass and transparent conducting oxides such as indium tin oxide and fluorine-doped tin oxide are the most widely used substrates and lighttransmitting electrodes. However, the transmittance spectra of soda-lime glass, indium tin oxide, and fluorinedoped tin oxide show that all light near and below 330 nm is absorbed; thus, with the use of these substrates, light energy near and below 330 nm cannot reach the perovskite light-absorbing layer. It is expected that the overall solar cell can be improved if the wavelength can be adjusted to reach the perovskite solar cell absorbing layer through down-conversion of energy in the optical wavelength band. In this study, a polyvinylidene fluoride transparent film mixed with a ZnGa2O4:Mn phosphor was applied to the incident side of the perovskite solar cell with the intent to increase the light conversion efficiency without changing the internal bandgap energy and structure. By adding a phosphor layer to the external surface of PSC exposed to incident light, the efficiency of the cell was increased by the down-conversion of ultraviolet light (290 nm) to the visible region (509 nm) while maintaining the transmittance. To manufacture the perovskite solar cell, a TiO2-based mesoporous electron transport layer was spin-coated onto the substrate. The perovskite layer used in this experiment was CH3NH3PbI3 and was fabricated on a TiO2 layer. Spiro-OMeTAD solution was spin-coated as a hole-transport layer.

scholarly journals Indium Tin-Oxide Wrapped 3D rGO and TiO2 Composites: Development, Characterization, and Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity for Methylene Blue

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Cheng Gong ◽  
Shiyin Xu ◽  
Peng Xiao ◽  
Feifan Liu ◽  
Yunhui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Photodegradation Rate ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Low Charge

A hybrid material of indium tin-oxide (ITO) wrapped titanium dioxide and reduced graphene oxide (ITO-rGO and TiO2) was prepared using a facile hydrothermal technique. TiO2 nanorods were in situ grown on the surface of rGO (rGO and TiO2), and which was then assembled onto ITO substrate layer by layer with formation of a 3D structure. ITO-rGO and TiO2 exhibit low charge transfer resistance at the electrode-electrolyte interface and have good photoresponsive ability. Methylene blue (MB) can be effectively adsorbed and enriched onto ITO-rGO and TiO2 surface. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of ITO-rGO and TiO2 were evaluated, showing that the exothermic and entropy-driven reaction were the main thermodynamic processes, and the Langmuir isotherm was the ideal model for adsorption fitting. Meanwhile, ITO greatly improved degradation of rGO and TiO2 because electrons can be collected by ITO before recombination and MB can easily enter into the 3D structure of rGO and TiO2. The highest photodegradation rate of MB reached 93.40% for ITO-rGO and TiO2 at pH 9. Additionally, ITO-rGO and TiO2 successfully solved the problems of being difficult to recycle and causing secondary pollution of traditional TiO2 catalysts. Therefore, ITO-rGO and TiO2 may be a potential photocatalyst for degrading organic pollutants in water.

Electrochemical Characterization of Poly-L-Lysine Coating on Indium Tin Oxide Electrode for Enhancing Cell Adhesion

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 7881-7885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghyun Choi ◽  
Ajay Kumar Yagati ◽  
Sungbo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide Electrode ◽  
Redox Peak ◽  
Cell Chip

Nano or microelectrode-based cell chip for stimulating or recording neuronal signals requires better cell adhesion procedures in order to achieve efficient cell based assays for effective cellular diagnosis and for high throughput screening of drug candidates. The cells can be adhered on protein pre-coated sensing electrodes, but the electrochemical characteristics of cells are highly influenced by the electrical charge of the underlying protein interface. Thus, in this study, we report on experimental and theoretical aspects of poly-L-lysine (PLL) adsorption on transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes and the interaction between PLL and human embryonic kidney 293/GFP cells. PLL coated ITO electrodes showed a lower transfer resistance compared to bare or bovine serum albumin coated ITO electrodes. In addition, they exhibited more positive potential and higher magnitude of redox peak currents with increased immersion time of PLL solution. Finally, results of the impedance analysis showed that adhesion of cells was enhanced by PLL coating on ITO electrodes compared to bare ITO electrodes.

scholarly journals Effect of carbonized temperature to supercapacitor electrode from palm midrib biomass

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Rakhmawati Farma ◽  
Melda Oktaviandari ◽  
Vepy Asyana
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Microstructure Characterization ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Carbonization Process ◽  
Initial Preparation

Abstrak. Elektroda merupakan salah satu komponen yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja sel superkapasitor. Pada penelitian ini elektroda karbon berasal dari limbah biomassa pelepah nipah. Persiapan awal dimulai dari proses prakarbonisasi pada suhu 200˚C dan selanjutnya diaktivasi secara kimia menggunakan KOH sebagai aktivator dengan konsentrasi 1M. Serbuk karbon aktif diubah menjadi bentuk monolit menggunakan Hydrolic press dan kemudian diikuti oleh proses karbonisasi pada suhu 650, 700 dan 750˚C, kemudian diaktivasi fisika dengan mengalirkan gas CO2 pada suhu 900˚C. Karakterisasi sifat fisis elektroda karbon menunjukkan bahwa densitas sampel PN650 yang dikarbonisasi pada suhu 650˚C memiliki nilai densitas paling rendah. Karakterisasi struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa elektroda karbon memiliki struktur semikristalin yang ditandai dengan kehadiran puncak (002) dan (100) pada sudut 2θ sekitar 24˚ dan 43˚. Hasil karakterisasi struktur mikro juga menunjukkan bahwa sampel PN650 memiliki nilai Lc tertinggi yaitu sebesar 7,947 nm. Analisa sifat elektrokimia menunjukkan bahwa sampel PN650 mempunyai nilai kapasitansi terbesar yaitu 223,55 F/g. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa suhu 650˚C merupakan suhu terbaik dalam proses pembuatan elektroda karbon dari pelepah nipah untuk diaplikasikan sebagai elektroda sel superkapasitor.Abstract. The electrode is one of the components that can increase the supercapacitor cell performance. In this research, the carbon electrode derives from waste of palm midrib biomass. Initial preparation was started from the pre carbonization process at 200˚C and then was chemically activated using KOH as an activator with a concentration of 1M. The activated carbon powder was converted into a monolith form using a hydraulic press and then was followed by carbonization process at 650, 700 and 750˚C, then physical activation by flowing CO2 at 900˚C. Characterization of the physical properties of the carbon electrode showed that the density of the PN650 sample carbonized at 650°C had the lowest density value. Microstructure characterization indicated that the carbon electrode had a semi crystalline structure, it was characterized by the presence of peaks (002) and (100) at an angle of 2θ around 24˚ and 43˚. The results of the microstructure characterization also showed that the PN650 sample had the highest Lc value of 7.947 nm. Analysis of electrochemical properties showed that the PN650 sample had the largest capacitance value of 223.55 F/g. It can be concluded that 650˚C was the best temperature in the process of making carbon electrodes from palm leaf midrib to be applied as supercapacitor cell electrodes.Keywords: Ketaping, Activated Carbon, Supercapacitor, Activator, Capacitance.

Activated carbon coated CNT core-shell nanocomposite for supercapacitor electrode with excellent rate performance at low temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Xu ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Xiaoshuang Zhou ◽  
Ningyi Yuan ◽  
Shanhai Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Rate Performance ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Carbon Coated

scholarly journals N, S-Codoped Activated Carbon Material with Ultra-High Surface Area for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Qinghua Yuan ◽  
Zhuwen Ma ◽  
Junbiao Chen ◽  
Zhenrui Huang ◽  
Zeming Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Tobacco Stalk

The recycling of macromolecular biowastes has been a problem for the agriculture industry. In this study, a novel N, S-codoped activated carbon material with an ultrahigh specific area was produced for the application of a supercapacitor electrode, using tobacco stalk biowastes as the carbon source, KOH as the activating agents and thiourea as the doping agent. Tobacco stalk is mainly composed of cellulose, but also contains many small molecules and inorganic salts. KOH activation resulted in many mesopores, giving the tobacco stem-activated carbon a large specific surface area and double-layer capacitance. The specific surface area of the samples reached up to 3733 m2·g−1, while the maximum specific capacitance of the samples obtained was up to 281.3 F·g−1 in the 3-electrode tests (1 A·g−1). The doping of N and S elements raised the specific capacitance significantly, which could be increased to a value as high as 422.5 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1 in the 3-electrode tests, but N, S-codoping also led to instability. The results of this article prove that tobacco stalks could be efficiently reused in the field of supercapacitors.

Activated Carbon Based Supercapacitors with a Reduced Graphene Oxide Additive: Preparation and Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 4073-4083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Wei Wang ◽  
Wei-Ke Zhang ◽  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Fang-Yuan Su ◽  
Cheng-Meng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Conductive Carbon Black ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Conductive Agent

We have successfully enhanced the performance of commercial supercapacitors that use Japan Kuraray 80F activated carbon and Super-P conductive carbon black as the conductive agent with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) additive. The ratios of conductive carbon black to rGO studied are 3:1, 5:1, 10:1, 15:1 and 1:0. The enhancement is most pronounced at 15:1, and the specific capacitance being 137.5 F g−1, which is a 23.8% improvement over the 1:0 control. The specific capacitance retention is 70.1% after 10000 cycles. The impedance resistance is also reduced to 1.5 Ω, which is 3.3 times lower than the 1:0 control. Additionally, the rGO additive does not alter the favorable pore size distribution of the primary matrix and successfully preserves its small mesoporous structure, which facilitates facile transport of electrolyte.

Preparation and electrochemical characterization of PANI/MnCo2O4 nanocomposite as supercapacitor electrode material

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Panahi ◽  
Moosa Es’haghi
Keyword(s):  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Transfer Resistance

In this work, PANI/MnCo2O4 nanocomposite was prepared via in-situ chemical polymerization method. Materials synthesized were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron spectroscopy. In addition, surface characterization of samples such as specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution was studied. Supercapacitor capability of materials was investigated in 1 mol L–1 Na2SO4 solution using cyclic voltammetry in different potential scan rates and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The specific capacitance of materials was calculated, and it was observed that the specific capacitance of PANI/MnCo2O4 nanocomposite was 185 F g−1, much larger than PANI. Moreover, the prepared nanocomposite exhibited better rate capability in scan rate of 100 mV s−1 with respect to PANI. The EIS experiments revealed that the nanocomposite has lower charge transfer resistance compared with pure PANI. Subsequently, it was shown that the nanocomposite cycling performance was superior to the PANI cycling performance.

scholarly journals Electrochemical properties of kenaf-based activated carbon monolith for supercapacitor electrode applications

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (61) ◽  
pp. 38515-38522
Author(s):  
Han Yul Park ◽  
Minhu Huang ◽  
Tae-Ho Yoon ◽  
Kyung Hun Song
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Carbon Monolith ◽  
Activated Carbon Monolith

Monolithic carbon from kenaf-based fiber for supercapacitor electrode application provided a specific capacitance of 212 F g−1via GCD at 1 A g−1, converting to an energy density of 6 W h kg−1 at the power density of 215 W kg−1 as well as 95.9% retention upon 5000 cycling test.

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