scholarly journals Reorientasi Maqasid Terhadap Pemikiran Islam Reformis (Studi Pemikiran Maqasid Ibn ‘Ashur)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-94
Author(s):  
Mohamad Anang Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Main Factor

Ibn ‘Ashur is considered as one of the founders of modern Maqasid science which plays a role as a link between the thinking of salaf ulama and contemporary-reformist Islamic thought. This article tries to find the intersection between the maqasid theory and the reformist Islamic movement in the development of the thinking of maqasid Ibn ‘Ashur. This article is written as library research in which the author uses a thematic study of Maqasid as an approach to Islamic studies in three books written by Ibn ‘Ashur, for Searching the correlation of the concept to answer the problems in this study, among others; al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir; Alaysaå al-Subh bi Qarib and Usul al-Nizam al-Ijtima'iy fi al-Islam. And supported by secondary references taken from books and journals related to the research theme. This article finds that Ibn ‘Ashur’s efforts in reorienting Maqasid theory to reformist Islamic thought are seen in the concept of Maqasid al-Qur’an al-’Ammah (objectives general al-Qur'an), which contains the mission of al-Qur'an in efforts to maintain the social system and order of human life. Ibn ‘Ashur's idea regarding the reorientation of the Maqasid theory has succeeded in changing the paradigm of the conservative group so that educational reforms at Zaytunah University can be realized. The main factor that shaped the idea of reorienting maqasid towards reformist thinking was the influence of the Muslim reformist movement and the movement against French colonialism.

ISLAM PROGRESIF DAN TAN MALAKA (Reposisi MADILOG Sebagai Metode Pemikiran Islam Progresif)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Adeputra Tohis
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociology Of Knowledge ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Study Techniques ◽  
Progressive Islam

Abstract: Progressive Islam is a relatively new Islamic movement in the dynamics of the Contemporary Islamic movement. Progressive Islam places the domination of the social system of capitalism as its main problem. Progressive Islam aims to create change, which is pursued through the realization of its agenda, one of which is formulating a reality-based method of thinking. The problems and agenda of Progressive Islam parallel the problems and formulation of method of thought Tan Malaka. Tan Malaka has been against the social system of capitalism. Tan Malaka has a methodological work based on reality, MADILOG. This study aims to show the parallels between Progressive Islam and Tan Malaka, and to position MADILOG as a method of Progressive Islamic thought. This study uses qualitative research methods with literature study techniques. The data in this study were analyzed using the sociology of knowledge approach and the philosophy of critical realism. The result is that the parallel between Progressive Islam and Tan Malaka lies in four aspects. Then, MADILOG can be positioned as a method of Progressive Islamic thought. Keywords: Progressive Islam, Tan Malaka, MADILOG Abstrak: Islam Progresif merupakan gerakan Islam yang relatif baru dalam dinamika gerakan Islam Kontemporer. Islam Progresif meletakan dominasi sistem sosial kapitalisme sebagai problem utamanya. Islam Progresif bertujuan untuk menciptakan perubahan, yang diupayakan melalui realisasi agenda-agendanya, salah satunya merumuskan metode pemikiran berbasis realitas. Problem serta agenda Islam Progresif paralel dengan problem dan rumusan metode pemikiran Tan Malaka. Tan Malaka telah melawan sistem sosial kapitalisme. Tan Malaka memiliki karya metodologis berbasiskan realitas, MADILOG. Penelitian ini bertujuan menunjukan paralelitas antara Islam Progresif dan Tan Malaka, serta memposisikan MADILOG sebagai metode pemikiran Islam Progersif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatakan sosiologi pengetahuan dan filsafat ilmu realisme kritis. Hasilnya adalah paralelitas antara Islam Progresif dan Tan Malaka terletak pada empat aspek. Kemudian, MADILOG bisa diposisikan sebagai metode pemikiran Islam Progresif. Kata Kunci: Islam Progresif, Tan Malaka, MADILOG

The Shape of the Secular City

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Cox
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theological Perspective ◽  
The City ◽  
Biblical Faith ◽  
Modes Of Existence

This chapter describes the shape of the secular city, illustrating two characteristic components of the social shape of the modern metropolis: anonymity and mobility. Not only are anonymity and mobility central. They are also the two features of the urban social system most frequently singled out for attack by both religious and nonreligious critics. The chapter demonstrates how both anonymity and mobility contribute to the sustenance of human life in the city rather than detracting from it, why they are indispensable modes of existence in the urban setting. It also shows why, from a theological perspective, anonymity and mobility may even produce a certain congruity with biblical faith that is never noticed by the religious rebukers of urbanization.

scholarly journals WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES IN THE LIFE OF MUHAMMAD (570-632 AD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Shidqy Munjin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social System ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Different Characteristics

The main problem in this study is to uncover three problems related to women in the time of Muhammad. First, regarding the position of women during the time of Muhammad. Second, concerning the extent of women's involvement in various activities during the time of Muhammad, both in the period before and after it. Third, what problems were faced by women at that time and how they affected their activities. This research is based on the library research of the earliest classic books in the UIN SGD Bandung Library and the al-Musaddadiyyah Garut Foundation Library, such as Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham, al-Waqidi, Ibn Sa'd, and al- Tabari. The results of this study indicate that Muhammad was a person who cared deeply about human rights especially those relating to women. This conclusion is proven by his attitude which always defends the oppressed. He always displayed this defence attitude before being appointed as a prophet, and even more firmly when he was appointed as a prophet. The different characteristics of Muhammad's attitude towards women before and after the prophecy were influenced by economic factors, security, and the social system that prevailed in each of these periods.

scholarly journals SITUS-SITUS MEGALITIK DI KABUPATEN BONE: KAJIAN SEBARAN DAN KRONOLOGI

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Bernadeta AKW
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Social System ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social

Megalithic culture research at Labuaja Site, Kahu sub-district and other sites in Bone Regency aims to determine the distribution and chronology. This research doing by survey and excavation techniques. Archaeological data found from megalithic sites in Bone Regency are presented in descriptive analysis. In addition, C14 analysis was also carried out with charcoal in Beta Analytic Inc. Miami, Florida, USA to find out its absolute date. The results showed that megalithic sites in Bone had a fairly even distribution and occupy the slope to hilltops with a height of 28 - 218 meters above sea level. The results of radiocarbon dating indicate that the age of the site and megalithic culture in Labuaja, Bone ranges from 400 - 190 BP (around the 15th-17th century AD). Based on that date, the megalithic culture in Labuaja began in the golden age of the kingdom of Bone. Megalithic culture in Bone has associations with natural resources such as rivers and rice fields which are very supportive in the activities of human life that depend on agricultural resources. With the exploitation of agricultural resources, thus produce the social system and ideology adopted by the people who reach the Islamic period.  Penelitian kebudayaan megalitik pada situs Labuaja, Kecamatan Kahu dan situs-situs yang lainnya di Kabupaten Bone bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran dan menentukan kronologinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik survei dan ekskavasi. Data arkeologis yang ditemukan dari situs situs megalitik di Kabupaten Bone disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif analisis. Selain itu, dilakukan pula analisis C14 dengan bahan arang di Beta Analytic Inc Miami Florida, USA untuk mengetahui pertanggalan absolutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa situs-situs megalitik di Bone memiliki sebaran yang cukup merata dan menempati wilayah lereng hingga puncak bukit dengan ketinggian antara 28 – 218 meter di atas permukaan laut. Hasil pertanggalan radiokarbon menunjukkan bahwa umur situs dan kebudayaan megalitik di Labuaja, Bone berkisar antara 400 – 190 BP (sekitar abad ke-15–17 Masehi). Berdasarkan pertanggalan tersebut, kebudayaan megalitik di Labuaja berawal pada zaman keemasan kerajaan Bone. Kebudayaan megalitik di Bone memiliki asosiasi dengan sumber-sumber alam seperti sungai dan persawahan yang sangat menunjang dalam aktivitas kehidupan manusia yang bergantung pada sumber sumber pertanian. Dengan kegiatan eksploitasi sumber pertanian, sehingga melahirkan sistem sosial dan ideologi yang dianut oleh masyarakat yang menjangkau periode Islam.

scholarly journals DAKWAH KENABIAN DAN KONSTRUKSI MASYARAKAT KHAYALAN

TASAMUH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Ishak Hariyanto ◽  
Agus Dedi Putrawan
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Collective Agreement ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Prophetic Preaching ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mutual Action ◽  
The Ideal

The Prophet's missionary journey as an arena for building a humanitarian system that is mutually acceptable and recognizes the values ​​of human equality in the social system is still a deviation, even though life must embrace one another, accept unconditionally and respect human values. Acceptance of fellow humans seems to have become a deviation and even becomes collective amnesia in social life. This collective amnesia is present in human life without realizing that we live in it so that acceptance in the name of the man as a form of hablumminannas is like the construction of a mere imaginary society. The construction of imaginary societies has occurred in Medina as a social institution on the journey of prophetic preaching. Such things occur as a process of living systems; a process of establishing his identity as a social system in building the ideal society that has ever existed on this earth. The Madinah community is a society based on a collective agreement stated in a charter, commonly known as the charter of Medina. Relations between groups are built based on the breath of acceptance among others, because of the awareness of the similarity of the nature and dignity of human beings. Why Medina is referred to as a normal social system identity, not because of the intersubjectivity; acceptability of humans and humans built from all components of the social system is always in communication and mutual action.

Space and Molecular Human in the Process of Social Systems Digital Transformation in Belarus and Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-97
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Kolesnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unknown Object ◽  
Main Factor

To develop a strategy for building the Union State of Russia and Belarus’ better future, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms and identify the main causes that govern the dynamics of this complex and specifi c social system. As the main factor determining the social dynamics of a given civilization cluster, we consider the competition of two basic sociotypes. They are conditionally designated as a molecular man and a space man. A molecular person is a consumer whose social behavior is based on the power of the selfi sh gene and consumer society’s ideals. A space person is passionate, driven by the creative imperative of cognition and synthesis of culture. In our opinion, it is this fundamental confl ict that forms the social dynamics of the civilization cluster of the Union State. The scenario of its future development will depend on the resolution of this confl ict. In order to better understand this process, we have developed a cellular-automate computer model of competition between the two sociotypes in the framework of a unifi ed social system. This computer model can be considered as a simplifi ed cognitive proto-construct of the social system dynamics. By examining it, one can transfer the properties and features of its behavior to an unknown object under study - a society.

scholarly journals Editorial

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. i-xii
Author(s):  
John L. Esposito ◽  
Imtiyaz Yusu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Culture Education

This special issue of the American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences onIsmail al Faruqi is prepared to honor the memory and contribution of ProfessorIsmail al Faruqi to the academia, the history of Islamic thought,and the development of the Muslim community (Ummah). Providing aperspective twenty-five years after Professor al Faruqi’s death, it providesthought-provoking papers relating of the person, mission, and intellectualjihad initiated by Professor al Faruqi.Ismail Raji al Faruqi (1921–1986) was a great scholar of Islam in moderntimes. His scholarship covered a broad spectrum of Islamic studies: thestudy of religion, Islamic thought, approaches to knowledge, history, culture,education, interfaith dialogue, aesthetics, ethics, politics, economics,science, and gender issues. He had indeed an encyclopedic knowledge, arare person among contemporary Muslim scholars.Ismail al-Faruqi laid the foundation for a new interpretation and analysisof the quintessence of tawhid and its relevance in various dimensionsof human life and thought. He also made unique contributions to the studyof Islam and its relevance to the contemporary age. In fact, many of hisunique contributions to Islamic scholarship remain especially relevant todayand have been carried on and extended by many of his former.Professor al Faruqi was a founder of “the school of Islamization ofknowledge,” which has been incorporated at several international Islamicuniversities. His school of thought, academic approach, and practice is alsobeing applied by hundreds of his students who are teaching and doing researchat different universities in all continents.This special issue of the American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences,revisits the intellectual legacy and continuing influence of Professor Ismailal Faruqi since his death ...

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM LARANGAN MENYEMBELIH SAPI (Menelisik Filosofi Ajaran Sunan Kudus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahlail Syakur
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Social System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hindu Community ◽  
Descriptive Method

Islam as a part of the social system comes with a mission as rahmah lil-‘alamin to take part in nation-building. On the other sides Indonesia is a multicultural country where Islam is one of the subsystems. Therefore, Islam should be introduced as the potential for an inclusive, democratic and pluralist. Sunan Kudus spreads Islam by way of acculturation traditions and local culture because at that time the majority of the population is Hindu Holy.This research includes the study of literature (library research) using the method of documentation and descriptive. Descriptive method is used to describe all of the information about the fatwa Sunan Kudus and his background. The researcher also used a historical approach to photographing the events of the past time.There are two findings in this study, namely: (1) Prohibition of slaughtering cows that produce discourse that the Kudus people have high awareness for religious tolerance when Islam was come to Kudus, (2) Character education in banning slaughter cows produced a discourse that architecture of Mosque and Kudus Minaret and fatwa "Prohibition of slaughtering cows" contains the educational value of inter-religious tolerance.Methods and strategies of propaganda Sunan Kudus conceived a view to educating the Muslim community in order to have a noble character, are willing to respect and appreciate the confidence the Hindu community who believed that the cow is considered sacred animals. 

scholarly journals The Unthought in Contemporary Islamic Thought

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
Ameer U. Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Historical Reasoning ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The One ◽  
Globalized World

Mohammad Arkoun’s eight essays appearing in The Unthought in ContemporaryIslamic Thought are gates leading into a city. In this case, thecity is the deeply multifarious metropolis called Islam – a source of identityand pride for its adherents and, equally, a source of concern andcuriosity for those outside of its periphery. Throughout his life, Arkounhas placed himself on the ramparts and straddled the walls, leading someto call him an enemy spy and others to think of him as a brave pioneerinto the unknown. The past few years have seen an unheralded evaluationof Islam’s role in this globalized world. Arkoun’s eight essays, reflectinga lifetime in the field of Islamic studies, concern themselves with a hostof issues enveloping the world of Islam: Qur’anic studies, revelation,belief, authority, power, law, and civil society.The idea of unthought is a creative encapsulation of those diseases thathe believes are plaguing Islam. He defines unthought as the power employedby the traditional ulama and ideological Islamic states in order to guaranteethat a deeply dogmatic and unapproachable version of Islam is protectedfrom all intellectual and scientific analysis. Arkoun uses unthought to referto “an Islam that is isolated from the most elementary historical reasoning,linguistic analysis or anthropological decoding” (p. 308).The first essay, “A Critical Introduction to Qur’anic Studies,” is a sort ofoutline of his ideas. It expresses Arkoun’s suggestion that “we need to artic -ulate the cognitive, critical strategies used by social sciences of the ‘metamodern’sort to analyze, in thorough fashion, the structure and form of theQur’an, the ‘differentiated corpora of Meccan and Medinan revelation, the‘psychology of knowledge,’ the notions of sin, virtue, and interpersonal rela -tions, and finally everything from society, law, culture to warfare, commerceand children” (p. 44). The scope is indeed overwhelmingly broad. Arkounwants the preferred current mode of analytic evaluation in the social sciences– deconstruction, hermeneutics, and their various poststructuralist relatives– to be applied to Islamic studies. The Qu’ran, he argues, has becomeheavily loaded by “legalistic instrumentalization, and the ideological manipulationsof contemporary political movements” (p. 45).On the one hand, he is concerned about the loss of critical Qur’anicreading; however, he is equally wary of carte-blanche dismissals of Islam ...

Introductory remarks

1981 ◽  
Vol 292 (1057) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Joint Meeting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transmission Of Information ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Brain

We hope that in this joint meeting the special knowledge of each contributor will help towards solution of the questions: what is man? where, when and why did he begin? The organization of the meeting jointly by the British Academy and the Royal Society draws attention both to the nature of man and to the difficulties that he meets in describing himself. The characteristics by which human life is maintained are governed in man perhaps more than in any other creature by a double dependence - on capacities acquired by inheritance and on those learned later in life. Moreover, investigations of these two aspects requires different backgrounds and techniques, which we could perhaps characterize as scientific for the study of inherited features and humanistic for the study of learning and culture. To put it differently, study of somatic inheritance requires a knowledge of science while extrasomatic inheritance is concerned with human languages, history and civilizations. The evolution of man has been very rapid over the last 2 Ma and, at least in the later part of this time, extrasomatic transmission of information has been a major feature of the changes. Since the invention of language, individuals have been able rapidly to acquire detailed information from many others instead of only from two parents. Man evolves fast because of this multiparental inheritance of information about how to survive. Yet the two methods of transmission are not wholly separate. The capacity to pass information by speech or writing must depend upon very specific characteristics that are inherited through DNA. Certain features of the brain and mouth are needed for speech, and still more complex properties to allow understanding of even the simplest logical propositions. Again, the social system that is necessary for learning and transmission of culture depends upon properties of the brain and endocrine system that reduce aggression, impose restraint and allow cooperation. Five hundred apes would not sit quietly and listen to another ape like the audience at this meeting.

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